Daniel 9:20-27
New English Translation
Gabriel Gives to Daniel a Prophecy of Seventy Weeks
20 While I was still speaking and praying, confessing my sin and the sin of my people Israel and presenting my request before the Lord my God concerning his holy mountain[a]— 21 yes, while I was still praying,[b] the man Gabriel, whom I had seen previously[c] in a vision, was approaching me in my state of extreme weariness,[d] around the time of the evening offering. 22 He spoke with me, instructing me as follows:[e] “Daniel, I have now come to impart understanding to you. 23 At the beginning of your requests a message went out, and I have come to convey it to you, for you are of great value in God’s sight.[f] Therefore consider the message and understand the vision:[g]
24 “Seventy weeks[h] have been determined
concerning your people and your holy city
to put an end to[i] rebellion,
to bring sin[j] to completion,[k]
to atone for iniquity,
to bring in perpetual[l] righteousness,
to seal up[m] the prophetic vision,[n]
and to anoint a Most Holy Place.[o]
25 So know and understand:
From the issuing of the command[p] to restore and rebuild
Jerusalem until an anointed one, a prince arrives,[q]
there will be a period of seven weeks[r] and sixty-two weeks.
It will again be built,[s] with plaza and moat,
but in distressful times.
26 Now after the sixty-two weeks,
an anointed one will be cut off and have nothing.[t]
As for the city and the sanctuary,
the people of the coming prince will destroy[u] them.
But his end will come speedily[v] like a flood.[w]
Until the end of the war that has been decreed
there will be destruction.
27 He will confirm a covenant with many for one week.[x]
But in the middle of that week
he will bring sacrifices and offerings to a halt.
On the wing[y] of abominations will come[z] one who destroys,
until the decreed end is poured out on the one who destroys.”
Footnotes
- Daniel 9:20 tn Heb “the holy mountain of my God.”
- Daniel 9:21 tn Heb “speaking in prayer.”
- Daniel 9:21 tn Heb “in the beginning.”
- Daniel 9:21 tn The Hebrew expression בִּיעָף מֻעָף (muʿaf biʿaf) is very difficult. The issue is whether the verb derives from עוּף (ʿuf, “to fly”) or from יָעַף (yaʿaf, “to be weary”). Many ancient versions and modern commentators take the first of these possibilities and understand the reference to be to the swift flight of the angel Gabriel in his coming to Daniel. The words more likely refer to the extreme weariness, not of the angel, but of Daniel (cf. 7:28; 8:27; 10:8-9, 16-17; also NASB).
- Daniel 9:22 tn Heb “he instructed and spoke with me.” The expression is a verbal hendiadys.
- Daniel 9:23 tn Or “a precious treasure”; KJV “greatly beloved”; NASB, NIV “highly esteemed.”
- Daniel 9:23 tn This sentence is perhaps a compound hendiadys (“give serious consideration to the revelatory vision”).
- Daniel 9:24 tn Heb “sevens.” Elsewhere the term is used of a literal week (a period of seven days); cf. Gen 29:27-28; Exod 34:22; Lev 12:5; Num 28:26; Deut 16:9-10; 2 Chr 8:13; Jer 5:24; Dan 10:2-3. Gabriel unfolds the future as if it were a calendar of successive weeks. Most understand the reference here as seventy “sevens” of years, or a total of 490 years.
- Daniel 9:24 tc Or “to finish.” The present translation reads the Qere (from the root תָּמַם, tamam) with many witnesses. The Kethib has “to seal up” (from the root הָתַם, hatam), a confusion with a reference later in the verse to sealing up the vision.
- Daniel 9:24 tc The present translation reads the Qere (singular), rather than the Kethib (plural).
- Daniel 9:24 tn The Hebrew phrase לְכַלֵּא (lekhalleʾ) is apparently an alternative (metaplastic) spelling of the root כָּלָה (kalah, “to complete, finish”), rather than a form of כָּלָא (kalaʾ, “to shut up, restrain”), as has sometimes been supposed.
- Daniel 9:24 tn Or “everlasting.”
- Daniel 9:24 sn The act of sealing in the OT is a sign of authentication (cf. 1 Kgs 21:8 and Jer 32:10, 11, 44).
- Daniel 9:24 tn Heb “vision and prophecy.” The expression is a hendiadys.
- Daniel 9:24 tn Or “the most holy place” (NASB, NLT); or “a most holy one”; or “the most holy one,” though the expression is used of places or objects elsewhere, not people.
- Daniel 9:25 tn Or “decree” (NASB, NIV); or “word” (NAB, NRSV).
- Daniel 9:25 tn The word “arrives” is added in the translation for clarification.
- Daniel 9:25 tn Heb “sevens” (also later in this line and in v. 26).sn The accents in the MT indicate disjunction at this point, which would make it difficult, if not impossible, to identify the “anointed one/prince” of this verse as messianic. The reference in v. 26 to the sixty-two weeks as a unit favors the MT accentuation, not the traditional translation. If one follows the MT accentuation, one may translate “From the going forth of the message to restore and rebuild Jerusalem until an anointed one, a prince arrives, there will be a period of seven weeks. During a period of sixty-two weeks it will again be built, with plaza and moat, but in distressful times.” The present translation follows a traditional reading of the passage that deviates from the MT accentuation.
- Daniel 9:25 tn Heb “it will return and be built.” The expression is a verbal hendiadys.
- Daniel 9:26 sn The expression have nothing is difficult. Presumably it refers to an absence of support or assistance for the anointed one at the time of his “cutting off.” The KJV rendering “but not for himself,” apparently suggesting a vicarious death, cannot be defended.
- Daniel 9:26 tc Some witnesses (e.g., the Syriac) understand a passive verb and the preposition עִם (ʿim, “with) rather than the noun עַם (ʿam, “people”), thus reading “the city and the sanctuary will be destroyed with the coming prince.”
- Daniel 9:26 tn The words “will come speedily” are not in the Hebrew text but have been added in the translation for clarity.
- Daniel 9:26 sn Flood here is a metaphor for sudden destruction.
- Daniel 9:27 tn Heb “one seven” (also later in this line).
- Daniel 9:27 tn The referent of the Hebrew word כְּנַף (kenaf, “wing”) is unclear here. The LXX and Theodotion have “the temple.” Some English versions (e.g., NAB, NIV) take this to mean “a wing of the temple,” but this is not clear.
- Daniel 9:27 tn The Hebrew text does not have this verb, but it has been supplied in the translation for clarity.
Daniel 9:20-27
International Standard Version
Gabriel’s Answer: The Seventy Weeks
20 “While I was still speaking in prayer, confessing my sin and the sin of my people Israel and placing my request in the presence of the Lord my God on behalf of the holy mountain of God— 21 while I was still speaking, Gabriel, the man of God whom I had seen in the previous vision, appeared to me about the time of the evening offering. 22 He gave instructions, and this is what he spoke to me:
‘Daniel, I’ve now come to give you insight and understanding. 23 Because you’re highly regarded, the answer was issued when you began your prayer, and I’ve come to tell you. Pay attention to my message and you’ll understand the vision. 24 Seventy weeks[a] have been decreed concerning your people and your holy city: to restrain transgression, to put an end to sin, to make atonement for lawlessness, to establish everlasting righteousness, to conclude vision and prophecy, and to anoint the Most Holy Place. 25 So be informed and discern that seven weeks and 62 weeks will elapse[b] from the issuance of the command to restore and rebuild Jerusalem until the Anointed Commander.[c] The plaza and moat will be rebuilt, though in troubled times. 26 Then after the 62 weeks, the anointed one[d] will be cut down (but not for himself).[e] Then the people of the Coming Commander[f] will destroy both the city and the Sanctuary. Its ending will come like a flood, and until the end there will be war, with desolations having been decreed. 27 He will make a binding covenant with many for one week, and for half of the week he will suspend both the sacrifice and grain offerings. Destructive people will cause desolation on the uttermost edge[g] of the Sanctuary[h] until it is complete and what has been decreed is poured out on the desolator.’”
Footnotes
- Daniel 9:24 Lit. sevens; i.e. seven time periods of unspecified duration, and so through v. 27
- Daniel 9:25 The Heb. lacks will elapse
- Daniel 9:25 Lit. until Messiah Nagid; i.e. a senior officer entrusted with dual roles of operational oversight and management authority
- Daniel 9:26 Or the Messiah
- Daniel 9:26 Or cut off, and will have no successor; the Heb. lacks successor
- Daniel 9:26 Lit. Nagid; i.e. a senior officer entrusted with dual roles of operational oversight and management authority
- Daniel 9:27 Lit. on a wing; or on a pinnacle; i.e. on part of the Temple complex
- Daniel 9:27 The Heb. lacks of the Sanctuary
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