Reforms under Josiah

Then the king commanded Hilkiah the high priest, (A)the priests of the second order, and the [a]doorkeepers (B)to bring out of the temple of the Lord all the utensils that had been made for Baal, for [b]Asherah, and for all the heavenly [c]lights; and (C)he burned them outside Jerusalem in the fields of the Kidron Valley, and carried their ashes to Bethel. Then he did away with the idolatrous priests whom the kings of Judah had appointed to burn incense on the high places in the cities of Judah and in the surrounding area of Jerusalem, as well as those who burned incense to Baal, to the sun, to the moon, to the constellations, and to all the remaining (D)heavenly [d]lights. He also brought out the Asherah from the house of the Lord outside Jerusalem to the brook Kidron, and burned it at the brook Kidron, and (E)ground it to dust, and (F)threw its dust on the graves of the [e]common people. And he tore down the cubicles of the (G)male cult prostitutes which were in the house of the Lord, where (H)the women were weaving [f]hangings for the Asherah. Then he brought all the priests from the cities of Judah, and defiled the high places where the priests had burned incense, from (I)Geba to Beersheba; and he tore down the high places of the gates that were at the entrance of the gate of Joshua the governor of the city, which were on one’s left at the city gate. Nevertheless (J)the priests of the high places did not go up to the altar of the Lord in Jerusalem, but they ate unleavened bread among their brothers. 10 (K)He also defiled [g]Topheth, which is in the Valley of the Son of Hinnom, (L)so that no one would make his son or his daughter pass through the fire for (M)Molech. 11 And he did away with the horses that the kings of Judah had given to the (N)sun, at the entrance of the house of the Lord, by the chamber of Nathan-melech the official, which was at the [h]covered courtyard; and he burned the chariots of the sun with fire. 12 The king also tore down (O)the altars that were on the roof, the upper chamber of Ahaz, which the kings of Judah had made, and (P)the altars which Manasseh had made in the two courtyards of the house of the Lord; and he [i]smashed them there and (Q)threw their dust into the brook Kidron. 13 And the king defiled the high places that were opposite Jerusalem, which were on the right of (R)the mount of destruction which Solomon the king of Israel had built for (S)Ashtoreth the abomination of the Sidonians, for (T)Chemosh the abomination of Moab, and for Milcom the abomination of the sons of Ammon. 14 (U)He also smashed to pieces the memorial stones and cut down the [j]Asherim, and (V)filled their places with human bones.

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Notas al pie

  1. 2 Kings 23:4 Lit keepers of the threshold
  2. 2 Kings 23:4 I.e., a wooden symbol of a female deity, and so throughout the ch
  3. 2 Kings 23:4 Lit host
  4. 2 Kings 23:5 Lit host
  5. 2 Kings 23:6 Lit sons of the people
  6. 2 Kings 23:7 Or dresses
  7. 2 Kings 23:10 I.e., place of burning
  8. 2 Kings 23:11 Meaning of the Heb uncertain
  9. 2 Kings 23:12 Or ran from there
  10. 2 Kings 23:14 I.e., wooden symbols of a female deity (Asherah)

Josiah Abolishes Idolatry

The king ordered Hilkiah the high priest, the priests of the secondary order, and the doorkeepers to take out of the Lord’s Temple all of the implements that had been crafted for Baal, for Asherah, and for every star in the heavens. Then he burned them outside Jerusalem in the fields of the Kidron and carried the ashes to Bethel. The king unseated the idolatrous priests whom the kings of Judah had appointed to burn incense in the high places throughout the cities of Judah and in the environs surrounding Jerusalem, including those who had been burning incense to Baal, to the sun, to the moon, to the constellations, and to every star in the heavens. He brought the Asherah from the Lord’s Temple to the Kidron Brook outside Jerusalem, burned it at the Kidron brook, pulverized the ashes[a] to dust, and scattered it[b] over the graves of the common people.

He also demolished the temples of the cultic male prostitutes that had been operating[c] in the Lord’s Temple, where the women had been doing weaving for the Asherah. Then he gathered together all the priests from the cities of Judah and defiled the high places from Geba to Beer-sheba, where the priests had burned incense. He also demolished the high places of the gates that had been erected to the left as one enters the city gate—that is, near the entrance operated by Joshua, the governor of the city. Nevertheless, the priests of the high places did not approach the Lord’s altar in Jerusalem, but instead they ate unleavened bread given to them by their[d] relatives.

10 He also defiled Topheth, which is located in the Ben-hinnom Valley,[e] so that no one would force his son or daughter to pass through the fire in dedication to Molech. 11 He abolished the horses that the kings of Judah had dedicated to the sun at the entrance to the Lord’s Temple, near the offices of Nathan-melech, the official, that were in the precincts. He also set fire to the chariots of the sun.

12 The king demolished the rooftop altars on top of Ahaz’s upper chamber that the kings of Judah had erected, as well as the altars that Manasseh had made in the two courts of the Lord’s Temple. He pulverized them where they stood and cast their dust into the Kidron Brook. 13 The king defiled the high places which faced[f] Jerusalem on the south[g] side of Corruption Mountain, which King Solomon of Israel had constructed for Ashtoreth, the Sidonian abomination, for Chemosh, the Moabite abomination, and for Milcom, the Ammonite abomination. 14 He broke the pillars to pieces, cut down the Asherim, and filled their locations with human bones.

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Notas al pie

  1. 2 Kings 23:6 The Heb. lacks the ashes
  2. 2 Kings 23:6 The Heb. lacks it
  3. 2 Kings 23:7 The Heb. lacks operating
  4. 2 Kings 23:9 Or bread among
  5. 2 Kings 23:10 So MT; LXX and MT variant read the valley of the descendants of Hinnom
  6. 2 Kings 23:13 So LXX.
  7. 2 Kings 23:13 Lit. right; i.e. the side on the right when facing east