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Eli Dies

12 On that day[a] a Benjaminite ran from the battle lines and came to Shiloh. His clothes were torn, and dirt was on his head. 13 When he arrived in Shiloh, Eli was sitting in his chair on the lookout[b] by the side of[c] the road, for he was very worried[d] about the ark of God. As the man entered the city to give his report,[e] the whole city cried out.

14 When Eli heard the outcry,[f] he said, “What’s this commotion?”[g] The man quickly came and told Eli. 15 Now Eli was ninety-eight years old and his eyes looked straight ahead;[h] he was unable to see.

16 The man said to Eli, “I am the one who came from the battle lines! Just today I fled from the battle lines!” Eli[i] asked, “How did things go, my son?” 17 The messenger replied, “Israel has fled from[j] the Philistines! The army has suffered a great defeat! Your two sons, Hophni and Phinehas, are dead! The ark of God has been captured!”

18 When he mentioned the ark of God, Eli[k] fell backward from his chair beside the gate. He broke his neck and died, for he[l] was old and heavy. He had judged Israel for forty years.

19 His daughter-in-law, the wife of Phinehas, was pregnant and close to giving birth. When she heard that the ark of God was captured and that her father-in-law and her husband were dead, she doubled over and gave birth. But her labor pains were too much for her. 20 As she was dying, the women who were there with her said, “Don’t be afraid! You have given birth to a son!” But she did not reply or pay any attention.[m]

21 She named the boy Ichabod,[n] saying, “The glory has departed from Israel,” referring to the capture of the ark of God and the deaths of her father-in-law and her husband. 22 She said, “The glory has departed from Israel, because the ark of God has been captured.”

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Footnotes

  1. 1 Samuel 4:12 tn Or perhaps, “the same day.” On this use of the demonstrative pronoun see Joüon 2:532 §143.f.
  2. 1 Samuel 4:13 tn The Qal of this verb, צָפָה (tsafah), means “to look.” (The more common word for “to see” is רָאָה, raʾah). Here the ptc. is Piel, which means “to be on the lookout for, look” (HALOT 1045 s.v. I צָפָה). Since we are told later that Eli could not see (which may mean that his eyesight was poor), the important part of using this verb is that Eli positioned himself to get the news as soon as it arrived.
  3. 1 Samuel 4:13 tc Read with many medieval Hebrew mss, the Qere, and much versional evidence יַד (yad, “hand”) rather than MT יַךְ (yakh).
  4. 1 Samuel 4:13 tn Heb “his heart was trembling.”
  5. 1 Samuel 4:13 tn Heb “and the man came to report in the city.”
  6. 1 Samuel 4:14 tn Heb “the sound of the cry.”
  7. 1 Samuel 4:14 tn Heb “the sound of this commotion.”
  8. 1 Samuel 4:15 tn Heb “were set” or “were fixed,” i.e., without vision.
  9. 1 Samuel 4:16 tn Heb “he”; the referent (Eli) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  10. 1 Samuel 4:17 tn Heb “before.”
  11. 1 Samuel 4:18 tn Heb “he”; the referent (Eli) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  12. 1 Samuel 4:18 tn Heb “the man.”
  13. 1 Samuel 4:20 tn Heb “and she did not set her heart.”
  14. 1 Samuel 4:21 sn The name Ichabod (אִי־כָבוֹד) may mean, “Where is the glory?”

The Death of Eli

12 That very same day, a man who was a descendant of Benjamin ran from the battle line and came to Shiloh, with his garments torn and dirt on his head. 13 When he arrived, Eli was sitting there on a seat beside the road, watching because his heart trembled for the Ark of God. The man went into the town to give the report, and the whole town cried out. 14 Eli heard the sound of the cry and asked, “What is the meaning[a] of this commotion?” Then the man quickly came and told Eli. 15 Now Eli was 98 years old, and his vision had failed.[b]

16 The man told Eli, “I’ve just come from the battle line, and I escaped from the battle today.”

He asked, “What happened, my son?”

17 The messenger answered, “Israel fled from the Philistines and the people suffered a great defeat as well. Moreover, your two sons, Hophni and Phineas, are dead, and the Ark of God was captured.”

18 When he mentioned the Ark of God, Eli[c] fell off the seat backwards by the side of the gate. His neck was broken and he died, since he was old and heavy. Eli had judged Israel for 40 years.

Ichabod is Born

19 Eli’s[d] daughter-in-law, the wife of Phineas, was pregnant and ready to give birth. When she heard the report about the capture of the Ark of God and that her father-in-law and husband were dead, she crouched down and gave birth, because her labor pains suddenly began. 20 As she was about to die, the women standing around her said, “Don’t be afraid! You’ve given birth to a son.” But she did not respond or pay attention. 21 She had named the boy Ichabod,[e] saying, “Glory has departed from Israel,” because the Ark of God had been captured and because her father-in-law and husband were dead.[f] 22 She said, “Glory has departed from Israel, because the Ark of God has been captured.”

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Footnotes

  1. 1 Samuel 4:14 Lit. sound
  2. 1 Samuel 4:15 Lit. were set
  3. 1 Samuel 4:18 Lit. he
  4. 1 Samuel 4:19 Lit. His
  5. 1 Samuel 4:21 Ichabod means Where is the glory?
  6. 1 Samuel 4:21 Lit. because of her father-in-law and husband