1 Samuel 31
New English Translation
The Death of Saul
31 Now the Philistines were fighting against Israel. The men of Israel fled from the Philistines and many of them fell dead on Mount Gilboa. 2 The Philistines stayed right on the heels[a] of Saul and his sons. They[b] struck down Saul’s sons Jonathan, Abinadab, and Malki-Shua. 3 Saul himself was in the thick of the battle;[c] the archers[d] spotted him and wounded him severely.
4 Saul said to his armor-bearer, “Draw your sword and stab me with it! Otherwise these uncircumcised people will come, stab me, and torture me.” But his armor-bearer refused to do it, because he was very afraid. So Saul took his sword and fell on it. 5 When his armor-bearer saw that Saul was dead, he also fell on his own sword and died with him. 6 So Saul, his three sons, his armor-bearer, and all his men died together that day.
7 When the men of Israel who were in the valley and across the Jordan saw that the men of Israel had fled and that Saul and his sons were dead, they abandoned the cities and fled. The Philistines came and occupied them.
8 The next day, when the Philistines came to strip loot from the corpses, they discovered Saul and his three sons lying dead[e] on Mount Gilboa. 9 They cut off Saul’s[f] head and stripped him of his armor. They sent messengers to announce the news in the temple of their idols and among their people throughout the surrounding land of the Philistines. 10 They placed Saul’s armor in the temple of the Ashtoreths[g] and hung his corpse on the city wall of Beth Shan.
11 When the residents of Jabesh Gilead heard what the Philistines had done to Saul, 12 all their warriors set out and traveled throughout the night. They took Saul’s corpse and the corpses of his sons from the city wall of Beth Shan and went[h] to Jabesh, where they burned them. 13 They took the bones and buried them under the tamarisk tree at Jabesh; then they fasted for seven days.
Read full chapterFootnotes
- 1 Samuel 31:2 tn Heb “stuck close after.”
- 1 Samuel 31:2 tn Heb “the Philistines.”
- 1 Samuel 31:3 tn Heb “and the battle was heavy against Saul.”
- 1 Samuel 31:3 tn Heb “the shooters, men with the bow.”
- 1 Samuel 31:8 tn Heb “fallen.”
- 1 Samuel 31:9 tn Heb “his”; the referent (Saul) has been specified in the translation for clarity (likewise in the following verse).
- 1 Samuel 31:10 sn The Semitic goddess Astarte was associated with love and war in the ancient Near East. See the note on the same term in 7:3.
- 1 Samuel 31:12 tc The translation follows the MT, which vocalizes the verb as a Qal. The LXX, however, treats the verb as a Hiphil, “they brought.”
1 Samuel 31
International Standard Version
Saul Killed by the Philistines(A)
31 The Philistines fought against Israel, and the army[a] of Israel fled before the Philistines. They fell slain on Mount Gilboa. 2 The Philistines pursued Saul and his sons. The Philistines struck down Jonathan, Abinadab, and Malchi-shua, Saul’s sons. 3 The heaviest fighting was directed toward Saul,[b] and when the bowmen who were shooting located Saul, he was severely wounded by them.[c]
4 Saul told his armor bearer, “Draw your sword and run me through with it, or these uncircumcised people will come and run me through and make sport of me.” But his armor bearer did not want to do it[d] because he was very frightened, so Saul took the sword and fell on it. 5 When his armor bearer saw that Saul was dead, he also fell on his sword and died with him. 6 As a result, Saul, his three sons, his armor bearer, and all his men died together that day. 7 When the men of Israel who were across the valley and who were across the Jordan saw that the army[e] of Israel had fled, and that Saul and his sons were dead, they abandoned the cities and fled, and the Philistines came and occupied them.
The Philistines Desecrate Saul’s Body(B)
8 The next day, the Philistines came to strip the dead, and they found Saul and his three sons fallen on Mount Gilboa. 9 They cut off his head and stripped him of his weapons. They sent people throughout the territory of the Philistines to report the good news in the temples of their idols and to the people. 10 They put Saul’s[f] weapons in the temple of Asherah[g] and fastened his corpse to the wall of Beth-shan.
The People of Jabesh-gilead Give Saul a Proper Burial(C)
11 When the residents of Jabesh-gilead heard what[h] the Philistines had done to Saul, 12 every valiant soldier[i] got up, traveled all night, and removed Saul’s body and the bodies of his sons from the wall of Beth-shan. Then they went to Jabesh and cremated the bodies[j] there. 13 They took their bones, buried them under the tamarisk tree in Jabesh, and fasted for seven days.
Read full chapterFootnotes
- 1 Samuel 31:1 Lit. and the men
- 1 Samuel 31:3 Lit. was heavy toward
- 1 Samuel 31:3 Lit. the archers
- 1 Samuel 31:4 The Heb. lacks to do it
- 1 Samuel 31:7 Lit. men
- 1 Samuel 31:10 Lit. his
- 1 Samuel 31:10 Asherah was a female deity worshipped by the Canaanites and the Philistines
- 1 Samuel 31:11 Lit. heard about it, what
- 1 Samuel 31:12 Lit. man
- 1 Samuel 31:12 Lit. them
NET Bible® copyright ©1996-2017 by Biblical Studies Press, L.L.C. http://netbible.com All rights reserved.
Copyright © 1995-2014 by ISV Foundation. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED INTERNATIONALLY. Used by permission of Davidson Press, LLC.
