1 Chronicles 1
New English Translation
Adam’s Descendants
1 Adam, Seth, Enosh, 2 Kenan, Mahalalel, Jered, 3 Enoch, Methuselah, Lamech, 4 Noah, Shem, Ham, and Japheth.[a]
Japheth’s Descendants
5 The sons of Japheth: Gomer, Magog, Madai, Javan, Tubal, Meshech, and Tiras.
6 The sons of Gomer: Ashkenaz, Riphath,[b] and Togarmah.
7 The sons[c] of Javan: Elishah, Tarshish, the Kittites, and the Rodanites.[d]
Ham’s Descendants
8 The sons of Ham: Cush, Mizraim,[e] Put, and Canaan.
9 The sons of Cush: Seba, Havilah, Sabta, Raamah, and Sabteca.
The sons of Raamah: Sheba and Dedan.
10 Cush was the father of Nimrod, who established himself as a mighty warrior on earth.[f]
11 Mizraim was the father of the Ludites, Anamites, Lehabites, Naphtuhites, 12 Pathrusites, Casluhites (from whom the Philistines descended[g]) , and the Caphtorites.
13 Canaan was the father of Sidon—his firstborn—and Heth, 14 as well as the Jebusites, Amorites, Girgashites, 15 Hivites, Arkites, Sinites, 16 Arvadites, Zemarites, and Hamathites.
Shem’s Descendants
17 The sons of Shem: Elam, Asshur, Arphaxad, Lud, and Aram.
The sons of Aram:[h] Uz, Hul, Gether, and Meshech.[i]
18 Arphaxad was the father of Shelah, and Shelah was the father of Eber. 19 Two sons were born to Eber: the first was named Peleg, for during his lifetime the earth was divided;[j] his brother’s name was Joktan.
20 Joktan was the father of Almodad, Sheleph, Hazarmaveth, Jerah, 21 Hadoram, Uzal, Diklah, 22 Ebal,[k] Abimael, Sheba, 23 Ophir, Havilah, and Jobab. All these were the sons of Joktan.
24 Shem, Arphaxad, Shelah,[l] 25 Eber, Peleg, Reu, 26 Serug, Nahor, Terah, 27 Abram (that is, Abraham).
28 The sons of Abraham: Isaac and Ishmael.
29 These were their descendants:
Ishmael’s Descendants
Ishmael’s firstborn son was Nebaioth; the others were[m] Kedar, Adbeel, Mibsam, 30 Mishma, Dumah, Massa, Hadad, Tema, 31 Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah. These were the sons of Ishmael.
Keturah’s Descendants
32 The sons to whom Keturah, Abraham’s concubine,[n] gave birth: Zimran, Jokshan, Medan, Midian, Ishbak, Shuah.
The sons of Jokshan: Sheba and Dedan.
33 The sons of Midian: Ephah, Epher, Hanoch, Abida, and Eldaah. All these were the sons of Keturah.
Isaac’s Descendants
34 Abraham was the father of Isaac. The sons of Isaac: Esau and Israel.
Esau’s Descendants
35 The sons of Esau: Eliphaz, Reuel, Jeush, Jalam, and Korah.
36 The sons of Eliphaz: Teman, Omar, Zephi,[o] Gatam, Kenaz, and (by Timna) Amalek.[p]
37 The sons of Reuel: Nahath, Zerah, Shammah, and Mizzah.
The Descendants of Seir
38 The sons of Seir: Lotan, Shobal, Zibeon, Anah, Dishon, Ezer, and Dishan.
39 The sons of Lotan: Hori and Homam. (Timna was Lotan’s sister.)[q]
40 The sons of Shobal: Alyan,[r] Manahath, Ebal, Shephi,[s] and Onam.
The sons of Zibeon: Aiah and Anah.
41 The son[t] of Anah: Dishon.
The sons of Dishon: Hamran,[u] Eshban, Ithran, and Keran.
42 The sons of Ezer: Bilhan, Zaavan, Jaakan.[v]
The sons of Dishan:[w] Uz and Aran.
Kings of Edom
43 These were the kings who reigned in the land of Edom before any king ruled over the Israelites: Bela son of Beor; the name of his city was Dinhabah.
44 When Bela died, Jobab son of Zerah from Bozrah, succeeded him.[x]
45 When Jobab died, Husham from the land of the Temanites succeeded him.
46 When Husham died, Hadad son of Bedad succeeded him. He struck down the Midianites in the plains of Moab; the name of his city was Avith.
47 When Hadad died, Samlah from Masrekah succeeded him.
48 When Samlah died, Shaul from Rehoboth on the River[y] succeeded him.
49 When Shaul died, Baal Hanan son of Achbor succeeded him.
50 When Baal Hanan died, Hadad succeeded him; the name of his city was Pai.[z] His wife[aa] was Mehetabel, daughter of Matred, daughter of Me-Zahab.
51 Hadad died.
Tribal Chiefs of Edom
The tribal chiefs of Edom were: Timna, Alvah, Jetheth, 52 Oholibamah, Elah, Pinon, 53 Kenaz, Teman,[ab] Mibzar, 54 Magdiel, and Iram.[ac] These were the tribal chiefs of Edom.
Footnotes
- 1 Chronicles 1:4 tc The LXX reads “Noah; the sons of Noah [were] Shem, Ham, and Japheth.” Several English translations (e.g., NIV, NLT) follow the LXX.sn Shem, Ham, and Japheth were Noah’s three sons (Gen 6:10).
- 1 Chronicles 1:6 tc Many medieval Hebrew mss, along with the LXX and Vulgate, read “Riphath” (see Gen 10:3). This is followed by several English translations (e.g., NAB, NIV, NLT), while others (e.g., ASV, NASB, NRSV) follow the MT reading (“Diphath”).
- 1 Chronicles 1:7 tn Or in this case, “descendants.”
- 1 Chronicles 1:7 tc The Kethib has רוֹדָנִים (Rodanim), which probably refers to the island of Rhodes. The Qere has דּוֹדָנִים (Dodanim), which refers to one of the most ancient and revered locations in ancient Greece. The MT and most medieval Hebrew mss of the parallel list in Gen 10:4 read “Dodanim,” but a few have “Rodanim.”tn Heb “Kittim and Rodanim.”
- 1 Chronicles 1:8 tn That is, “Egypt.”
- 1 Chronicles 1:10 tn Heb “he began to be a mighty warrior in the earth.”
- 1 Chronicles 1:12 tn Heb “came forth.”
- 1 Chronicles 1:17 tc The words “the sons of Aram” do not appear in the Hebrew text. Apparently the phrase וּבְנֵי אֲרָם (uvene ʾaram) has accidentally dropped out of the text by homoioteleuton (note the presence of אֲרָם just before this). The phrase is included in Gen 10:23.
- 1 Chronicles 1:17 tc The MT of the parallel geneaology in Gen 10:23 reads “Mash,” but the LXX there reads “Meshech” in agreement with 1 Chr 1:17.
- 1 Chronicles 1:19 sn Perhaps this refers to the scattering of the people at Babel (Gen 11:1-9).
- 1 Chronicles 1:22 tc Some medieval Hebrew mss and the Syriac read “Obal” (see Gen 10:28).
- 1 Chronicles 1:24 tc Some LXX mss read “Arphaxad, Cainan, Shelah” (see also the notes on Gen 10:24; 11:12-13).
- 1 Chronicles 1:29 tn The words “the others were” are supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons.
- 1 Chronicles 1:32 sn A concubine was a slave woman in ancient Near Eastern societies who was the legal property of her master, but who could have legitimate sexual relations with her master. A concubine’s status was more elevated than a mere servant, but she was not free and did not have the legal rights of a free wife. The children of a concubine could, in some instances, become equal heirs with the children of the free wife. After the period of the Judges concubines may have become more of a royal prerogative (2 Sam 21:10-14; 1 Kgs 11:3).
- 1 Chronicles 1:36 tc Many medieval Hebrew mss, along with some LXX mss and the Syriac, read “Zepho” (see Gen 36:11).
- 1 Chronicles 1:36 tn The Hebrew text has simply, “and Timna and Amalek,” but Gen 36:12 indicates that Timna, a concubine of Eliphaz, was the mother of Amalek. See also v. 39 below, which states that Timna was the sister of Lotan.
- 1 Chronicles 1:39 tn Perhaps this is the Timna mentioned in v. 36.
- 1 Chronicles 1:40 tc Some medieval Hebrew mss and a few LXX mss read “Alvan” (see Gen 36:23).
- 1 Chronicles 1:40 tc A few medieval Hebrew mss read “Shepho” (see Gen 36:23).
- 1 Chronicles 1:41 tn Heb “sons.” The Hebrew text has the plural, but only one son is listed. For stylistic reasons the singular “son” was used in the translation.
- 1 Chronicles 1:41 tn The parallel geneaology in Gen 36:26 has the variant spelling “Hemdan.” Some English versions follow the variant spelling here (e.g., NAB, NIV, NCV, CEV, NLT).
- 1 Chronicles 1:42 tn The parallel geneaology in Gen 36:27 has the variant spelling “Akan.” Among English versions that use the variant spelling here are NIV, NCV, NLT.
- 1 Chronicles 1:42 tc The MT reads “Dishon” here, but this should be emended to “Dishan.” See the list in v. 38 and Gen 36:28.
- 1 Chronicles 1:44 tn Heb “ruled in his place,” here and in vv. 45-50.
- 1 Chronicles 1:48 tn Or “near the river.” sn The river may refer to the Euphrates River (cf. NRSV, CEV, NLT).
- 1 Chronicles 1:50 tc Many medieval Hebrew mss, along with some LXX mss, the Syriac, and Vulgate, read “Pau.” See also Gen 36:39.
- 1 Chronicles 1:50 tn Heb “The name of his wife.”
- 1 Chronicles 1:53 tn The parallel genealogy in Gen 36:42 has the variant spelling “Temam.”
- 1 Chronicles 1:54 tn Each of the names in this list is preceded by the word “chief” in the Hebrew text. This has not been included in the translation because it would appear very redundant to the modern reader.
1 Chronicles 1
New Living Translation
From Adam to Noah’s Sons
1 The descendants of Adam were Seth, Enosh, 2 Kenan, Mahalalel, Jared, 3 Enoch, Methuselah, Lamech, 4 and Noah.
The sons of Noah were[a] Shem, Ham, and Japheth.
Descendants of Japheth
5 The descendants of Japheth were Gomer, Magog, Madai, Javan, Tubal, Meshech, and Tiras.
6 The descendants of Gomer were Ashkenaz, Riphath,[b] and Togarmah.
7 The descendants of Javan were Elishah, Tarshish, Kittim, and Rodanim.
Descendants of Ham
8 The descendants of Ham were Cush, Mizraim,[c] Put, and Canaan.
9 The descendants of Cush were Seba, Havilah, Sabtah, Raamah, and Sabteca. The descendants of Raamah were Sheba and Dedan. 10 Cush was also the ancestor of Nimrod, who was the first heroic warrior on earth.
11 Mizraim was the ancestor of the Ludites, Anamites, Lehabites, Naphtuhites, 12 Pathrusites, Casluhites, and the Caphtorites, from whom the Philistines came.[d]
13 Canaan’s oldest son was Sidon, the ancestor of the Sidonians. Canaan was also the ancestor of the Hittites,[e] 14 Jebusites, Amorites, Girgashites, 15 Hivites, Arkites, Sinites, 16 Arvadites, Zemarites, and Hamathites.
Descendants of Shem
17 The descendants of Shem were Elam, Asshur, Arphaxad, Lud, and Aram.
The descendants of Aram were[f] Uz, Hul, Gether, and Mash.[g]
18 Arphaxad was the father of Shelah.
Shelah was the father of Eber.
19 Eber had two sons. The first was named Peleg (which means “division”), for during his lifetime the people of the world were divided into different language groups. His brother’s name was Joktan.
20 Joktan was the ancestor of Almodad, Sheleph, Hazarmaveth, Jerah, 21 Hadoram, Uzal, Diklah, 22 Obal,[h] Abimael, Sheba, 23 Ophir, Havilah, and Jobab. All these were descendants of Joktan.
24 So this is the family line descended from Shem: Arphaxad, Shelah,[i] 25 Eber, Peleg, Reu, 26 Serug, Nahor, Terah, 27 and Abram, later known as Abraham.
Descendants of Abraham
28 The sons of Abraham were Isaac and Ishmael. 29 These are their genealogical records:
The sons of Ishmael were Nebaioth (the oldest), Kedar, Adbeel, Mibsam, 30 Mishma, Dumah, Massa, Hadad, Tema, 31 Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah. These were the sons of Ishmael.
32 The sons of Keturah, Abraham’s concubine, were Zimran, Jokshan, Medan, Midian, Ishbak, and Shuah.
The sons of Jokshan were Sheba and Dedan.
33 The sons of Midian were Ephah, Epher, Hanoch, Abida, and Eldaah.
All these were descendants of Abraham through his concubine Keturah.
Descendants of Isaac
34 Abraham was the father of Isaac. The sons of Isaac were Esau and Israel.[j]
Descendants of Esau
35 The sons of Esau were Eliphaz, Reuel, Jeush, Jalam, and Korah.
36 The descendants of Eliphaz were Teman, Omar, Zepho,[k] Gatam, Kenaz, and Amalek, who was born to Timna.[l]
37 The descendants of Reuel were Nahath, Zerah, Shammah, and Mizzah.
Original Peoples of Edom
38 The descendants of Seir were Lotan, Shobal, Zibeon, Anah, Dishon, Ezer, and Dishan.
39 The descendants of Lotan were Hori and Hemam.[m] Lotan’s sister was named Timna.
40 The descendants of Shobal were Alvan,[n] Manahath, Ebal, Shepho,[o] and Onam.
The descendants of Zibeon were Aiah and Anah.
41 The son of Anah was Dishon.
The descendants of Dishon were Hemdan,[p] Eshban, Ithran, and Keran.
42 The descendants of Ezer were Bilhan, Zaavan, and Akan.[q]
The descendants of Dishan[r] were Uz and Aran.
Rulers of Edom
43 These are the kings who ruled in the land of Edom before any king ruled over the Israelites[s]:
Bela son of Beor, who ruled from his city of Dinhabah.
44 When Bela died, Jobab son of Zerah from Bozrah became king in his place.
45 When Jobab died, Husham from the land of the Temanites became king in his place.
46 When Husham died, Hadad son of Bedad became king in his place and ruled from the city of Avith. He was the one who destroyed the Midianite army in the land of Moab.
47 When Hadad died, Samlah from the city of Masrekah became king in his place.
48 When Samlah died, Shaul from the city of Rehoboth-on-the-River became king in his place.
49 When Shaul died, Baal-hanan son of Acbor became king in his place.
50 When Baal-hanan died, Hadad became king in his place and ruled from the city of Pau.[t] His wife was Mehetabel, the daughter of Matred and granddaughter of Me-zahab. 51 Then Hadad died.
The clan leaders of Edom were Timna, Alvah,[u] Jetheth, 52 Oholibamah, Elah, Pinon, 53 Kenaz, Teman, Mibzar, 54 Magdiel, and Iram. These are the clan leaders of Edom.
Footnotes
- 1:4 As in Greek version (see also Gen 5:3-32); Hebrew lacks The sons of Noah were.
- 1:6 As in some Hebrew manuscripts and Greek version (see also Gen 10:3); most Hebrew manuscripts read Diphath.
- 1:8 Or Egypt; also in 1:11.
- 1:12 Hebrew Casluhites, from whom the Philistines came, Caphtorites. See Jer 47:4; Amos 9:7.
- 1:13 Hebrew ancestor of Heth.
- 1:17a As in one Hebrew manuscript and some Greek manuscripts (see also Gen 10:23); most Hebrew manuscripts lack The descendants of Aram were.
- 1:17b As in parallel text at Gen 10:23; Hebrew reads and Meshech.
- 1:22 As in some Hebrew manuscripts and Syriac version (see also Gen 10:28); most Hebrew manuscripts read Ebal.
- 1:24 Some Greek manuscripts read Arphaxad, Cainan, Shelah. See notes on Gen 10:24; 11:12-13.
- 1:34 Israel is the name that God gave to Jacob.
- 1:36a As in many Hebrew manuscripts and a few Greek manuscripts (see also Gen 36:11); most Hebrew manuscripts read Zephi.
- 1:36b As in some Greek manuscripts (see also Gen 36:12); Hebrew reads Kenaz, Timna, and Amalek.
- 1:39 As in parallel text at Gen 36:22; Hebrew reads and Homam.
- 1:40a As in many Hebrew manuscripts and a few Greek manuscripts (see also Gen 36:23); most Hebrew manuscripts read Alian.
- 1:40b As in some Hebrew manuscripts (see also Gen 36:23); most Hebrew manuscripts read Shephi.
- 1:41 As in many Hebrew manuscripts and some Greek manuscripts (see also Gen 36:26); most Hebrew manuscripts read Hamran.
- 1:42a As in many Hebrew and Greek manuscripts (see also Gen 36:27); most Hebrew manuscripts read Jaakan.
- 1:42b Hebrew Dishon; compare 1:38 and parallel text at Gen 36:28.
- 1:43 Or before an Israelite king ruled over them.
- 1:50 As in many Hebrew manuscripts, some Greek manuscripts, Syriac version, and Latin Vulgate (see also Gen 36:39); most Hebrew manuscripts read Pai.
- 1:51 As in an alternate reading of the Masoretic Text (see also Gen 36:40); the other alternate reads Aliah.
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