Manasseh and Ephraim

48 Some time later Joseph was told, “Your father is ill.” So he took his two sons Manasseh and Ephraim(A) along with him. When Jacob was told, “Your son Joseph has come to you,” Israel(B) rallied his strength and sat up on the bed.

Jacob said to Joseph, “God Almighty[a](C) appeared to me at Luz(D) in the land of Canaan, and there he blessed me(E) and said to me, ‘I am going to make you fruitful and increase your numbers.(F) I will make you a community of peoples, and I will give this land(G) as an everlasting possession to your descendants after you.’(H)

“Now then, your two sons born to you in Egypt(I) before I came to you here will be reckoned as mine; Ephraim and Manasseh will be mine,(J) just as Reuben(K) and Simeon(L) are mine. Any children born to you after them will be yours; in the territory they inherit they will be reckoned under the names of their brothers. As I was returning from Paddan,[b](M) to my sorrow(N) Rachel died in the land of Canaan while we were still on the way, a little distance from Ephrath. So I buried her there beside the road to Ephrath” (that is, Bethlehem).(O)

When Israel(P) saw the sons of Joseph,(Q) he asked, “Who are these?”

“They are the sons God has given me here,”(R) Joseph said to his father.

Then Israel said, “Bring them to me so I may bless(S) them.”

10 Now Israel’s eyes were failing because of old age, and he could hardly see.(T) So Joseph brought his sons close to him, and his father kissed them(U) and embraced them.(V)

11 Israel(W) said to Joseph, “I never expected to see your face again,(X) and now God has allowed me to see your children too.”(Y)

12 Then Joseph removed them from Israel’s knees(Z) and bowed down with his face to the ground.(AA) 13 And Joseph took both of them, Ephraim on his right toward Israel’s left hand and Manasseh on his left toward Israel’s right hand,(AB) and brought them close to him. 14 But Israel(AC) reached out his right hand and put it on Ephraim’s head,(AD) though he was the younger,(AE) and crossing his arms, he put his left hand on Manasseh’s head, even though Manasseh was the firstborn.(AF)

15 Then he blessed(AG) Joseph and said,

“May the God before whom my fathers
    Abraham and Isaac walked faithfully,(AH)
the God who has been my shepherd(AI)
    all my life to this day,
16 the Angel(AJ) who has delivered me from all harm(AK)
    —may he bless(AL) these boys.(AM)
May they be called by my name
    and the names of my fathers Abraham and Isaac,(AN)
and may they increase greatly
    on the earth.”(AO)

17 When Joseph saw his father placing his right hand(AP) on Ephraim’s head(AQ) he was displeased; so he took hold of his father’s hand to move it from Ephraim’s head to Manasseh’s head. 18 Joseph said to him, “No, my father, this one is the firstborn; put your right hand on his head.”(AR)

19 But his father refused and said, “I know, my son, I know. He too will become a people, and he too will become great.(AS) Nevertheless, his younger brother will be greater than he,(AT) and his descendants will become a group of nations.(AU) 20 He blessed(AV) them that day(AW) and said,

“In your[c] name will Israel(AX) pronounce this blessing:(AY)
    ‘May God make you like Ephraim(AZ) and Manasseh.(BA)’”

So he put Ephraim ahead of Manasseh.

21 Then Israel said to Joseph, “I am about to die, but God will be with you[d](BB) and take you[e] back to the land of your[f] fathers.(BC) 22 And to you I give one more ridge of land[g](BD) than to your brothers,(BE) the ridge I took from the Amorites with my sword(BF) and my bow.”

Jacob Blesses His Sons(BG)

49 Then Jacob called for his sons and said: “Gather around so I can tell you what will happen to you in days to come.(BH)

“Assemble(BI) and listen, sons of Jacob;
    listen to your father Israel.(BJ)

“Reuben, you are my firstborn,(BK)
    my might, the first sign of my strength,(BL)
    excelling in honor,(BM) excelling in power.
Turbulent as the waters,(BN) you will no longer excel,
    for you went up onto your father’s bed,
    onto my couch and defiled it.(BO)

“Simeon(BP) and Levi(BQ) are brothers—
    their swords[h] are weapons of violence.(BR)
Let me not enter their council,
    let me not join their assembly,(BS)
for they have killed men in their anger(BT)
    and hamstrung(BU) oxen as they pleased.
Cursed be their anger, so fierce,
    and their fury,(BV) so cruel!(BW)
I will scatter them in Jacob
    and disperse them in Israel.(BX)

“Judah,[i](BY) your brothers will praise you;
    your hand will be on the neck(BZ) of your enemies;
    your father’s sons will bow down to you.(CA)
You are a lion’s(CB) cub,(CC) Judah;(CD)
    you return from the prey,(CE) my son.
Like a lion he crouches and lies down,
    like a lioness—who dares to rouse him?
10 The scepter will not depart from Judah,(CF)
    nor the ruler’s staff from between his feet,[j]
until he to whom it belongs[k] shall come(CG)
    and the obedience of the nations shall be his.(CH)
11 He will tether his donkey(CI) to a vine,
    his colt to the choicest branch;(CJ)
he will wash his garments in wine,
    his robes in the blood of grapes.(CK)
12 His eyes will be darker than wine,
    his teeth whiter than milk.[l](CL)

13 “Zebulun(CM) will live by the seashore
    and become a haven for ships;
    his border will extend toward Sidon.(CN)

14 “Issachar(CO) is a rawboned[m] donkey
    lying down among the sheep pens.[n](CP)
15 When he sees how good is his resting place
    and how pleasant is his land,(CQ)
he will bend his shoulder to the burden(CR)
    and submit to forced labor.(CS)

16 “Dan[o](CT) will provide justice for his people
    as one of the tribes of Israel.(CU)
17 Dan(CV) will be a snake by the roadside,
    a viper along the path,(CW)
that bites the horse’s heels(CX)
    so that its rider tumbles backward.

18 “I look for your deliverance,(CY) Lord.(CZ)

19 “Gad[p](DA) will be attacked by a band of raiders,
    but he will attack them at their heels.(DB)

20 “Asher’s(DC) food will be rich;(DD)
    he will provide delicacies fit for a king.(DE)

21 “Naphtali(DF) is a doe set free
    that bears beautiful fawns.[q](DG)

22 “Joseph(DH) is a fruitful vine,(DI)
    a fruitful vine near a spring,
    whose branches(DJ) climb over a wall.[r]
23 With bitterness archers attacked him;(DK)
    they shot at him with hostility.(DL)
24 But his bow remained steady,(DM)
    his strong arms(DN) stayed[s] limber,
because of the hand of the Mighty One of Jacob,(DO)
    because of the Shepherd,(DP) the Rock of Israel,(DQ)
25 because of your father’s God,(DR) who helps(DS) you,
    because of the Almighty,[t](DT) who blesses you
with blessings of the skies above,
    blessings of the deep springs below,(DU)
    blessings of the breast(DV) and womb.(DW)
26 Your father’s blessings are greater
    than the blessings of the ancient mountains,
    than[u] the bounty of the age-old hills.(DX)
Let all these rest on the head of Joseph,(DY)
    on the brow of the prince among[v] his brothers.(DZ)

27 “Benjamin(EA) is a ravenous wolf;(EB)
    in the morning he devours the prey,(EC)
    in the evening he divides the plunder.”(ED)

28 All these are the twelve tribes of Israel,(EE) and this is what their father said to them when he blessed them, giving each the blessing(EF) appropriate to him.

The Death of Jacob

29 Then he gave them these instructions:(EG) “I am about to be gathered to my people.(EH) Bury me with my fathers(EI) in the cave in the field of Ephron the Hittite,(EJ) 30 the cave in the field of Machpelah,(EK) near Mamre(EL) in Canaan, which Abraham bought along with the field(EM) as a burial place(EN) from Ephron the Hittite. 31 There Abraham(EO) and his wife Sarah(EP) were buried, there Isaac and his wife Rebekah(EQ) were buried, and there I buried Leah.(ER) 32 The field and the cave in it were bought from the Hittites.[w](ES)

33 When Jacob had finished giving instructions to his sons, he drew his feet up into the bed, breathed his last and was gathered to his people.(ET)

Footnotes

  1. Genesis 48:3 Hebrew El-Shaddai
  2. Genesis 48:7 That is, Northwest Mesopotamia
  3. Genesis 48:20 The Hebrew is singular.
  4. Genesis 48:21 The Hebrew is plural.
  5. Genesis 48:21 The Hebrew is plural.
  6. Genesis 48:21 The Hebrew is plural.
  7. Genesis 48:22 The Hebrew for ridge of land is identical with the place name Shechem.
  8. Genesis 49:5 The meaning of the Hebrew for this word is uncertain.
  9. Genesis 49:8 Judah sounds like and may be derived from the Hebrew for praise.
  10. Genesis 49:10 Or from his descendants
  11. Genesis 49:10 Or to whom tribute belongs; the meaning of the Hebrew for this phrase is uncertain.
  12. Genesis 49:12 Or will be dull from wine, / his teeth white from milk
  13. Genesis 49:14 Or strong
  14. Genesis 49:14 Or the campfires; or the saddlebags
  15. Genesis 49:16 Dan here means he provides justice.
  16. Genesis 49:19 Gad sounds like the Hebrew for attack and also for band of raiders.
  17. Genesis 49:21 Or free; / he utters beautiful words
  18. Genesis 49:22 Or Joseph is a wild colt, / a wild colt near a spring, / a wild donkey on a terraced hill
  19. Genesis 49:24 Or archers will attack … will shoot … will remain … will stay
  20. Genesis 49:25 Hebrew Shaddai
  21. Genesis 49:26 Or of my progenitors, / as great as
  22. Genesis 49:26 Or of the one separated from
  23. Genesis 49:32 Or the descendants of Heth

48 And it came to pass after these things, that one told Joseph, Behold, thy father is sick: and he took with him his two sons, Manasseh and Ephraim.

And one told Jacob, and said, Behold, thy son Joseph cometh unto thee: and Israel strengthened himself, and sat upon the bed.

And Jacob said unto Joseph, God Almighty appeared unto me at Luz in the land of Canaan, and blessed me,

And said unto me, Behold, I will make thee fruitful, and multiply thee, and I will make of thee a multitude of people; and will give this land to thy seed after thee for an everlasting possession.

And now thy two sons, Ephraim and Manasseh, which were born unto thee in the land of Egypt before I came unto thee into Egypt, are mine; as Reuben and Simeon, they shall be mine.

And thy issue, which thou begettest after them, shall be thine, and shall be called after the name of their brethren in their inheritance.

And as for me, when I came from Padan, Rachel died by me in the land of Canaan in the way, when yet there was but a little way to come unto Ephrath: and I buried her there in the way of Ephrath; the same is Bethlehem.

And Israel beheld Joseph's sons, and said, Who are these?

And Joseph said unto his father, They are my sons, whom God hath given me in this place. And he said, Bring them, I pray thee, unto me, and I will bless them.

10 Now the eyes of Israel were dim for age, so that he could not see. And he brought them near unto him; and he kissed them, and embraced them.

11 And Israel said unto Joseph, I had not thought to see thy face: and, lo, God hath shewed me also thy seed.

12 And Joseph brought them out from between his knees, and he bowed himself with his face to the earth.

13 And Joseph took them both, Ephraim in his right hand toward Israel's left hand, and Manasseh in his left hand toward Israel's right hand, and brought them near unto him.

14 And Israel stretched out his right hand, and laid it upon Ephraim's head, who was the younger, and his left hand upon Manasseh's head, guiding his hands wittingly; for Manasseh was the firstborn.

15 And he blessed Joseph, and said, God, before whom my fathers Abraham and Isaac did walk, the God which fed me all my life long unto this day,

16 The Angel which redeemed me from all evil, bless the lads; and let my name be named on them, and the name of my fathers Abraham and Isaac; and let them grow into a multitude in the midst of the earth.

17 And when Joseph saw that his father laid his right hand upon the head of Ephraim, it displeased him: and he held up his father's hand, to remove it from Ephraim's head unto Manasseh's head.

18 And Joseph said unto his father, Not so, my father: for this is the firstborn; put thy right hand upon his head.

19 And his father refused, and said, I know it, my son, I know it: he also shall become a people, and he also shall be great: but truly his younger brother shall be greater than he, and his seed shall become a multitude of nations.

20 And he blessed them that day, saying, In thee shall Israel bless, saying, God make thee as Ephraim and as Manasseh: and he set Ephraim before Manasseh.

21 And Israel said unto Joseph, Behold, I die: but God shall be with you, and bring you again unto the land of your fathers.

22 Moreover I have given to thee one portion above thy brethren, which I took out of the hand of the Amorite with my sword and with my bow.

49 And Jacob called unto his sons, and said, Gather yourselves together, that I may tell you that which shall befall you in the last days.

Gather yourselves together, and hear, ye sons of Jacob; and hearken unto Israel your father.

Reuben, thou art my firstborn, my might, and the beginning of my strength, the excellency of dignity, and the excellency of power:

Unstable as water, thou shalt not excel; because thou wentest up to thy father's bed; then defiledst thou it: he went up to my couch.

Simeon and Levi are brethren; instruments of cruelty are in their habitations.

O my soul, come not thou into their secret; unto their assembly, mine honour, be not thou united: for in their anger they slew a man, and in their selfwill they digged down a wall.

Cursed be their anger, for it was fierce; and their wrath, for it was cruel: I will divide them in Jacob, and scatter them in Israel.

Judah, thou art he whom thy brethren shall praise: thy hand shall be in the neck of thine enemies; thy father's children shall bow down before thee.

Judah is a lion's whelp: from the prey, my son, thou art gone up: he stooped down, he couched as a lion, and as an old lion; who shall rouse him up?

10 The sceptre shall not depart from Judah, nor a lawgiver from between his feet, until Shiloh come; and unto him shall the gathering of the people be.

11 Binding his foal unto the vine, and his ass's colt unto the choice vine; he washed his garments in wine, and his clothes in the blood of grapes:

12 His eyes shall be red with wine, and his teeth white with milk.

13 Zebulun shall dwell at the haven of the sea; and he shall be for an haven of ships; and his border shall be unto Zidon.

14 Issachar is a strong ass couching down between two burdens:

15 And he saw that rest was good, and the land that it was pleasant; and bowed his shoulder to bear, and became a servant unto tribute.

16 Dan shall judge his people, as one of the tribes of Israel.

17 Dan shall be a serpent by the way, an adder in the path, that biteth the horse heels, so that his rider shall fall backward.

18 I have waited for thy salvation, O Lord.

19 Gad, a troop shall overcome him: but he shall overcome at the last.

20 Out of Asher his bread shall be fat, and he shall yield royal dainties.

21 Naphtali is a hind let loose: he giveth goodly words.

22 Joseph is a fruitful bough, even a fruitful bough by a well; whose branches run over the wall:

23 The archers have sorely grieved him, and shot at him, and hated him:

24 But his bow abode in strength, and the arms of his hands were made strong by the hands of the mighty God of Jacob; (from thence is the shepherd, the stone of Israel:)

25 Even by the God of thy father, who shall help thee; and by the Almighty, who shall bless thee with blessings of heaven above, blessings of the deep that lieth under, blessings of the breasts, and of the womb:

26 The blessings of thy father have prevailed above the blessings of my progenitors unto the utmost bound of the everlasting hills: they shall be on the head of Joseph, and on the crown of the head of him that was separate from his brethren.

27 Benjamin shall ravin as a wolf: in the morning he shall devour the prey, and at night he shall divide the spoil.

28 All these are the twelve tribes of Israel: and this is it that their father spake unto them, and blessed them; every one according to his blessing he blessed them.

29 And he charged them, and said unto them, I am to be gathered unto my people: bury me with my fathers in the cave that is in the field of Ephron the Hittite,

30 In the cave that is in the field of Machpelah, which is before Mamre, in the land of Canaan, which Abraham bought with the field of Ephron the Hittite for a possession of a buryingplace.

31 There they buried Abraham and Sarah his wife; there they buried Isaac and Rebekah his wife; and there I buried Leah.

32 The purchase of the field and of the cave that is therein was from the children of Heth.

33 And when Jacob had made an end of commanding his sons, he gathered up his feet into the bed, and yielded up the ghost, and was gathered unto his people.