以斯帖記 1-5
Chinese Contemporary Bible (Traditional)
亞哈隨魯王大宴群臣
1 亞哈隨魯在位期間，統治從印度到古實的一百二十七個省。 2 亞哈隨魯王在書珊城登基， 3 他在執政第三年大宴群臣，波斯和瑪代的將領、各省的貴族和大臣都在場。 4 整整一百八十天，他展示自己帝國的財富和王權的威榮。 5 之後，他又一連七天在御花園宴請書珊城裡所有的居民，無論尊卑。 6 御花園裡有白色的棉帳和藍色的彩帳，用細麻繩和紫色繩繫在大理石柱的銀環上。有金銀製成的床榻擺在各色斑岩、大理石、珍珠貝殼及其他貴重石頭鋪成的地上。 7 飲酒用的是各式各樣的金器皿，御酒大量供應，足顯王的慷慨。 8 喝酒有個規矩，不許勉強人，因為王吩咐過宮裡所有的侍從，招待各人要隨其所願。 9 瓦實提王后也在亞哈隨魯王的宮裡設宴招待女賓。
瓦實提王后被廢
10 第七天，亞哈隨魯王喝得心中暢快，就吩咐在王身邊服侍的米戶幔、比斯他、哈波拿、比革他、亞拔他、西達和甲迦七位太監， 11 去請瓦實提王后戴著后冠到王面前，向百姓和官員展現她的美貌，因為她非常美麗。 12 但瓦實提王后違抗太監所傳的諭旨，拒絕前來，王非常生氣，怒火中燒。
13 王有事習慣徵求通曉律例和法則之人的意見，於是他去問精通時務的哲士。 14 那時，靠近王的有甲示拿、示達、押瑪他、他施斯、米力、瑪西拿和米姆干七位波斯和瑪代的大臣，他們常見王的面，在國中身居高位。 15 王問他們：「瓦實提王后違抗太監所傳的諭旨，按律該如何處置她？」
16 米姆干當著王和大臣們的面說：「瓦實提王后不但冒犯了王，而且有害於舉國的臣民。 17 因為王后的事必傳到所有婦女的耳中，致使她們藐視自己的丈夫，因為她們會說，『亞哈隨魯王請瓦實提王后到他面前，她卻不去。』 18 今天，波斯和瑪代的貴婦聽到王后這事，也會如此對待王的大臣，藐視和惱怒之事必層出不窮。 19 王若願意，就請降旨不准瓦實提再到王面前，把她王后的位分賜給比她更好的女子，並將此諭旨寫入波斯和瑪代的律法，永不更改。 20 王的諭旨傳遍王遼闊的國境後，所有的婦女，無論丈夫貴賤，都必尊重他們。」
21 王和大臣們都贊同米姆干的建議，王便依照他的建議， 22 用各省的文字和各族的語言寫諭旨，通告各省，丈夫要做一家之主，說話有權柄。
以斯帖被立為王后
2 這事之後，亞哈隨魯王的怒氣平息下來，就想起瓦實提和她的所作所為，並怎樣降旨懲罰她的事。 2 王的侍臣說：「讓人為王物色一些年輕貌美的處女吧。 3 請王在國中各省委派專使把所有年輕漂亮的處女選入書珊城的女宮，交給管理女子的太監希該，供給她們美容用品。 4 哪個女子討王歡心，便立她為王后，代替瓦實提。」王覺得這個建議很好，就採納了。
5 當時，書珊城中有個猶太人，名叫末底改，是便雅憫人基士的曾孫、示每的孫子、雅珥的兒子。 6 巴比倫王尼布甲尼撒曾從耶路撒冷擄走猶大王耶哥尼雅和百姓，末底改也在其中。 7 末底改收養了叔叔的女兒哈大沙，又名以斯帖，把她認作自己的女兒，因為她父母雙亡。這女子體態優美，容貌動人。 8 王的諭旨一下，許多年輕的女子被召到書珊城中，交給管理女子的希該照管。以斯帖也被送到王宮中交給希該。 9 希該喜歡以斯帖，就恩待她，急忙給她需用的美容用品和膳食，又從王宮為她挑選七名宮女，讓她和她的宮女搬進女宮上好的房屋。 10 以斯帖沒有向人透露過自己的種族和身世，因為末底改吩咐她不要透露。 11 末底改天天在女宮的庭院前徘徊，好打聽以斯帖的消息，瞭解她的情況。
12 每個女子依次晉見亞哈隨魯王之前，都要照規矩潔淨十二個月：六個月用沒藥油，六個月用香料和潔身用品。 13 每個女子從女宮到王宮晉見王時，她所要求的一切都要給她。 14 她晚上進去，次日被帶到另一個女宮，交給管理妃嬪的太監沙甲。除非王喜歡她，提名召見她，否則她不會再見到王。
15 以斯帖是末底改的叔叔亞比孩的女兒，後來被末底改收養。輪到她晉見王時，除了管理女子的太監希該給她的東西外，她沒有別的要求。凡看見她的人都喜歡她。 16 亞哈隨魯王執政第七年十月，即提別月，以斯帖被帶進宮中見王。 17 王愛以斯帖勝過愛其他所有的女子，她比其他處女更得王的恩寵。於是，王把后冠戴在她頭上，立她為王后，代替瓦實提。 18 王為以斯帖大擺宴席招待文武百官，又宣佈各省休假[a]，並厚賜禮物。
末底改救王的性命
19 第二次召集處女時，末底改已坐在宮門供職。 20 以斯帖依照末底改的吩咐，沒有向人透露自己的身世和籍貫，因為她像幼年時一樣聽從末底改的話。
21 一天，末底改正在宮門供職，兩個守門的太監辟探和提列惱恨亞哈隨魯王，想要下手害他。 22 末底改知道後，便通知以斯帖王后，以斯帖就以末底改的名義稟告王。 23 查明確有此事後，便把二人吊死在木架上，並將這事當著王的面寫入史書。
哈曼圖謀滅絕猶太人
3 後來，亞哈隨魯王擢升亞甲人哈米大他的兒子哈曼，使他的權位高過他所有的同僚。 2 王命令所有在宮門供職的臣僕都要向哈曼跪拜，但末底改不肯跪拜。 3 在宮門供職的臣僕問末底改：「你為何違抗王的命令？」 4 他們天天勸他，他卻不聽。他們便把這件事告訴哈曼，想看看末底改這樣做是否能站得住，因為末底改已告訴他們自己是猶太人。 5 哈曼見末底改不肯向他跪拜，就怒氣填胸。 6 他得知末底改是猶太人後，便不屑於只害末底改一人，而是要剷除亞哈隨魯王國內所有的猶太人，即末底改的同胞。
7 亞哈隨魯王十二年一月，即尼散月，有人在哈曼面前抽普珥，也就是抽籤，來決定哪月哪日下手，結果抽中十二月，即亞達月。
8 哈曼對亞哈隨魯王說：「有一個民族散居在王境內各省的眾民族中，他們的律例與各族的律例不同，他們不遵守王的律例，所以容忍他們對王不利。 9 王若願意，就請降旨消滅他們。我願捐三百四十五噸銀子交給管理國事的人，納入王的庫房。」 10 於是，王摘下手上的戒指，交給猶太人的仇敵——亞甲人哈米大他的兒子哈曼， 11 對他說：「這些銀子歸你，這個民族也交給你，隨你處置。」
12 一月十三日，王的書記被召來，他們以亞哈隨魯王的名義，照哈曼的吩咐，用各省的文字和各族的語言寫諭旨，用王的戒指蓋印，送交各總督、各省省長和各族首領。 13 諭旨由信差送到王的各省，限令在一天之內，即十二月，也就是亞達月十三日，把猶太人的男女老少全部剷除、殺光、滅盡，並奪取他們的財物。 14 諭旨的抄本作為法令頒佈到各省，通知各族為那天做好準備。 15 信差奉王的命令急忙上路，諭旨也在書珊城裡頒佈了。王和哈曼坐下飲酒，書珊城一片慌亂。
末底改求以斯帖幫忙
4 末底改得知這事，就撕裂衣服，披上麻衣，頭蒙灰塵，在城中行走，放聲痛哭， 2 一直走到宮門前才停住，因為穿麻衣的不可進宮門。 3 王的命令和諭旨傳到各省，各地的猶太人極其悲傷，他們禁食、哭泣、哀號，許多人身披麻衣躺在灰中。
4 以斯帖王后的宮女和太監把這事稟告她，她非常難過，便為末底改送去衣服，讓他換下麻衣，他卻不肯接受。 5 於是，以斯帖把王派來服侍她的一個名叫哈他革的太監召來，叫他去見末底改，查明事情的原委。 6 哈他革就到宮門前的廣場見末底改， 7 末底改便將自己的遭遇及哈曼為滅絕猶太人而捐入國庫的銀子數目都告訴了他。 8 末底改還把一份在書珊城頒佈的要消滅猶太人的諭旨抄本交給哈他革，讓他給以斯帖看，並囑咐她去見王，為自己的同胞向王求情。 9 哈他革回去把末底改的話告訴以斯帖。 10 以斯帖便吩咐哈他革回覆末底改說： 11 「王的所有臣僕和各省人民都知道有一條法令，不論男女，未蒙宣召擅入內院去見王的必被處死，除非王向他伸出金杖，他才能活命。現在我已有三十天未蒙王召見了。」
12 末底改聽到以斯帖捎來的話後， 13 便回覆她說：「你別以為在宮裡就比其他猶太人安全。 14 如果此時你閉口不語，猶太人必從別處得解脫，蒙拯救，但你和你父親一家必滅亡。誰知道你得了王后之位不是為了今日之時呢？」
15 以斯帖派人回覆末底改說： 16 「你去召集書珊城所有的猶太人為我禁食，三天三夜不吃不喝，我和我的宮女也要這樣禁食。然後，我要違例去見王，我若死就死吧。」
17 於是，末底改便去照以斯帖的一切吩咐行事。
以斯帖為王和哈曼設宴
5 第三天，以斯帖身穿朝服進入王宮內院，面對大殿站立，王在殿裡正面朝宮門坐在寶座上。 2 王見以斯帖王后站在院內，就施恩給她，向她伸出手中的金杖，以斯帖便上前摸杖頭。 3 王問道：「以斯帖王后啊，你有什麼事？你有何要求？就是半壁江山，也必賜給你！」 4 以斯帖回答說：「王若願意，就請王今天帶哈曼來赴我預備的宴席。」 5 王說：「快召哈曼來，我們好照以斯帖的話做。」於是王帶著哈曼赴以斯帖預備的宴席。 6 席間，王對以斯帖說：「你要什麼？我必賜給你。你有何要求？就是半壁江山，也必為你成就。」 7 以斯帖回答說：「王啊，我所要、我所求的就是， 8 我若得到王的恩寵，王若願意賜我所要所求的，就請王明天帶哈曼再來赴我預備的宴席，到時我一定向王稟明。」
哈曼圖謀殺末底改
9 那天哈曼出來，心中歡喜快樂。但他看見末底改在宮門前既不起身，也不對他表示畏懼，心中十分惱火。 10 哈曼忍怒回到家中，把朋友和妻子細利斯叫來， 11 向他們誇耀自己的榮華富貴和兒孫滿堂，以及王怎樣擢升他，使他位極人臣。 12 哈曼又說：「還有，以斯帖王后只請了我隨王赴她預備的宴席。她還請我明天隨王赴宴。 13 但只要我看見猶太人末底改坐在宮門口，這一切對我都毫無意義。」 14 他妻子細利斯和他所有的朋友對他說：「你可以叫人做一個二十三米高的木架，明天早上求王將末底改吊在上面，然後你可以快樂地隨王去赴宴。」哈曼喜歡這個提議，就叫人做了木架。
Footnotes
- 2·18 「休假」或譯「免去賦稅」。
Esther 1-5
King James Version
1 Now it came to pass in the days of Ahasuerus, (this is Ahasuerus which reigned, from India even unto Ethiopia, over an hundred and seven and twenty provinces:)
2 That in those days, when the king Ahasuerus sat on the throne of his kingdom, which was in Shushan the palace,
3 In the third year of his reign, he made a feast unto all his princes and his servants; the power of Persia and Media, the nobles and princes of the provinces, being before him:
4 When he shewed the riches of his glorious kingdom and the honour of his excellent majesty many days, even an hundred and fourscore days.
5 And when these days were expired, the king made a feast unto all the people that were present in Shushan the palace, both unto great and small, seven days, in the court of the garden of the king's palace;
6 Where were white, green, and blue, hangings, fastened with cords of fine linen and purple to silver rings and pillars of marble: the beds were of gold and silver, upon a pavement of red, and blue, and white, and black, marble.
7 And they gave them drink in vessels of gold, (the vessels being diverse one from another,) and royal wine in abundance, according to the state of the king.
8 And the drinking was according to the law; none did compel: for so the king had appointed to all the officers of his house, that they should do according to every man's pleasure.
9 Also Vashti the queen made a feast for the women in the royal house which belonged to king Ahasuerus.
10 On the seventh day, when the heart of the king was merry with wine, he commanded Mehuman, Biztha, Harbona, Bigtha, and Abagtha, Zethar, and Carcas, the seven chamberlains that served in the presence of Ahasuerus the king,
11 To bring Vashti the queen before the king with the crown royal, to shew the people and the princes her beauty: for she was fair to look on.
12 But the queen Vashti refused to come at the king's commandment by his chamberlains: therefore was the king very wroth, and his anger burned in him.
13 Then the king said to the wise men, which knew the times, (for so was the king's manner toward all that knew law and judgment:
14 And the next unto him was Carshena, Shethar, Admatha, Tarshish, Meres, Marsena, and Memucan, the seven princes of Persia and Media, which saw the king's face, and which sat the first in the kingdom;)
15 What shall we do unto the queen Vashti according to law, because she hath not performed the commandment of the king Ahasuerus by the chamberlains?
16 And Memucan answered before the king and the princes, Vashti the queen hath not done wrong to the king only, but also to all the princes, and to all the people that are in all the provinces of the king Ahasuerus.
17 For this deed of the queen shall come abroad unto all women, so that they shall despise their husbands in their eyes, when it shall be reported, The king Ahasuerus commanded Vashti the queen to be brought in before him, but she came not.
18 Likewise shall the ladies of Persia and Media say this day unto all the king's princes, which have heard of the deed of the queen. Thus shall there arise too much contempt and wrath.
19 If it please the king, let there go a royal commandment from him, and let it be written among the laws of the Persians and the Medes, that it be not altered, That Vashti come no more before king Ahasuerus; and let the king give her royal estate unto another that is better than she.
20 And when the king's decree which he shall make shall be published throughout all his empire, (for it is great,) all the wives shall give to their husbands honour, both to great and small.
21 And the saying pleased the king and the princes; and the king did according to the word of Memucan:
22 For he sent letters into all the king's provinces, into every province according to the writing thereof, and to every people after their language, that every man should bear rule in his own house, and that it should be published according to the language of every people.
2 After these things, when the wrath of king Ahasuerus was appeased, he remembered Vashti, and what she had done, and what was decreed against her.
2 Then said the king's servants that ministered unto him, Let there be fair young virgins sought for the king:
3 And let the king appoint officers in all the provinces of his kingdom, that they may gather together all the fair young virgins unto Shushan the palace, to the house of the women, unto the custody of Hege the king's chamberlain, keeper of the women; and let their things for purification be given them:
4 And let the maiden which pleaseth the king be queen instead of Vashti. And the thing pleased the king; and he did so.
5 Now in Shushan the palace there was a certain Jew, whose name was Mordecai, the son of Jair, the son of Shimei, the son of Kish, a Benjamite;
6 Who had been carried away from Jerusalem with the captivity which had been carried away with Jeconiah king of Judah, whom Nebuchadnezzar the king of Babylon had carried away.
7 And he brought up Hadassah, that is, Esther, his uncle's daughter: for she had neither father nor mother, and the maid was fair and beautiful; whom Mordecai, when her father and mother were dead, took for his own daughter.
8 So it came to pass, when the king's commandment and his decree was heard, and when many maidens were gathered together unto Shushan the palace, to the custody of Hegai, that Esther was brought also unto the king's house, to the custody of Hegai, keeper of the women.
9 And the maiden pleased him, and she obtained kindness of him; and he speedily gave her her things for purification, with such things as belonged to her, and seven maidens, which were meet to be given her, out of the king's house: and he preferred her and her maids unto the best place of the house of the women.
10 Esther had not shewed her people nor her kindred: for Mordecai had charged her that she should not shew it.
11 And Mordecai walked every day before the court of the women's house, to know how Esther did, and what should become of her.
12 Now when every maid's turn was come to go in to king Ahasuerus, after that she had been twelve months, according to the manner of the women, (for so were the days of their purifications accomplished, to wit, six months with oil of myrrh, and six months with sweet odours, and with other things for the purifying of the women;)
13 Then thus came every maiden unto the king; whatsoever she desired was given her to go with her out of the house of the women unto the king's house.
14 In the evening she went, and on the morrow she returned into the second house of the women, to the custody of Shaashgaz, the king's chamberlain, which kept the concubines: she came in unto the king no more, except the king delighted in her, and that she were called by name.
15 Now when the turn of Esther, the daughter of Abihail the uncle of Mordecai, who had taken her for his daughter, was come to go in unto the king, she required nothing but what Hegai the king's chamberlain, the keeper of the women, appointed. And Esther obtained favour in the sight of all them that looked upon her.
16 So Esther was taken unto king Ahasuerus into his house royal in the tenth month, which is the month Tebeth, in the seventh year of his reign.
17 And the king loved Esther above all the women, and she obtained grace and favour in his sight more than all the virgins; so that he set the royal crown upon her head, and made her queen instead of Vashti.
18 Then the king made a great feast unto all his princes and his servants, even Esther's feast; and he made a release to the provinces, and gave gifts, according to the state of the king.
19 And when the virgins were gathered together the second time, then Mordecai sat in the king's gate.
20 Esther had not yet shewed her kindred nor her people; as Mordecai had charged her: for Esther did the commandment of Mordecai, like as when she was brought up with him.
21 In those days, while Mordecai sat in the king's gate, two of the king's chamberlains, Bigthan and Teresh, of those which kept the door, were wroth, and sought to lay hands on the king Ahasuerus.
22 And the thing was known to Mordecai, who told it unto Esther the queen; and Esther certified the king thereof in Mordecai's name.
23 And when inquisition was made of the matter, it was found out; therefore they were both hanged on a tree: and it was written in the book of the chronicles before the king.
3 After these things did king Ahasuerus promote Haman the son of Hammedatha the Agagite, and advanced him, and set his seat above all the princes that were with him.
2 And all the king's servants, that were in the king's gate, bowed, and reverenced Haman: for the king had so commanded concerning him. But Mordecai bowed not, nor did him reverence.
3 Then the king's servants, which were in the king's gate, said unto Mordecai, Why transgressest thou the king's commandment?
4 Now it came to pass, when they spake daily unto him, and he hearkened not unto them, that they told Haman, to see whether Mordecai's matters would stand: for he had told them that he was a Jew.
5 And when Haman saw that Mordecai bowed not, nor did him reverence, then was Haman full of wrath.
6 And he thought scorn to lay hands on Mordecai alone; for they had shewed him the people of Mordecai: wherefore Haman sought to destroy all the Jews that were throughout the whole kingdom of Ahasuerus, even the people of Mordecai.
7 In the first month, that is, the month Nisan, in the twelfth year of king Ahasuerus, they cast Pur, that is, the lot, before Haman from day to day, and from month to month, to the twelfth month, that is, the month Adar.
8 And Haman said unto king Ahasuerus, There is a certain people scattered abroad and dispersed among the people in all the provinces of thy kingdom; and their laws are diverse from all people; neither keep they the king's laws: therefore it is not for the king's profit to suffer them.
9 If it please the king, let it be written that they may be destroyed: and I will pay ten thousand talents of silver to the hands of those that have the charge of the business, to bring it into the king's treasuries.
10 And the king took his ring from his hand, and gave it unto Haman the son of Hammedatha the Agagite, the Jews' enemy.
11 And the king said unto Haman, The silver is given to thee, the people also, to do with them as it seemeth good to thee.
12 Then were the king's scribes called on the thirteenth day of the first month, and there was written according to all that Haman had commanded unto the king's lieutenants, and to the governors that were over every province, and to the rulers of every people of every province according to the writing thereof, and to every people after their language; in the name of king Ahasuerus was it written, and sealed with the king's ring.
13 And the letters were sent by posts into all the king's provinces, to destroy, to kill, and to cause to perish, all Jews, both young and old, little children and women, in one day, even upon the thirteenth day of the twelfth month, which is the month Adar, and to take the spoil of them for a prey.
14 The copy of the writing for a commandment to be given in every province was published unto all people, that they should be ready against that day.
15 The posts went out, being hastened by the king's commandment, and the decree was given in Shushan the palace. And the king and Haman sat down to drink; but the city Shushan was perplexed.
4 When Mordecai perceived all that was done, Mordecai rent his clothes, and put on sackcloth with ashes, and went out into the midst of the city, and cried with a loud and a bitter cry;
2 And came even before the king's gate: for none might enter into the king's gate clothed with sackcloth.
3 And in every province, whithersoever the king's commandment and his decree came, there was great mourning among the Jews, and fasting, and weeping, and wailing; and many lay in sackcloth and ashes.
4 So Esther's maids and her chamberlains came and told it her. Then was the queen exceedingly grieved; and she sent raiment to clothe Mordecai, and to take away his sackcloth from him: but he received it not.
5 Then called Esther for Hatach, one of the king's chamberlains, whom he had appointed to attend upon her, and gave him a commandment to Mordecai, to know what it was, and why it was.
6 So Hatach went forth to Mordecai unto the street of the city, which was before the king's gate.
7 And Mordecai told him of all that had happened unto him, and of the sum of the money that Haman had promised to pay to the king's treasuries for the Jews, to destroy them.
8 Also he gave him the copy of the writing of the decree that was given at Shushan to destroy them, to shew it unto Esther, and to declare it unto her, and to charge her that she should go in unto the king, to make supplication unto him, and to make request before him for her people.
9 And Hatach came and told Esther the words of Mordecai.
10 Again Esther spake unto Hatach, and gave him commandment unto Mordecai;
11 All the king's servants, and the people of the king's provinces, do know, that whosoever, whether man or women, shall come unto the king into the inner court, who is not called, there is one law of his to put him to death, except such to whom the king shall hold out the golden sceptre, that he may live: but I have not been called to come in unto the king these thirty days.
12 And they told to Mordecai Esther's words.
13 Then Mordecai commanded to answer Esther, Think not with thyself that thou shalt escape in the king's house, more than all the Jews.
14 For if thou altogether holdest thy peace at this time, then shall there enlargement and deliverance arise to the Jews from another place; but thou and thy father's house shall be destroyed: and who knoweth whether thou art come to the kingdom for such a time as this?
15 Then Esther bade them return Mordecai this answer,
16 Go, gather together all the Jews that are present in Shushan, and fast ye for me, and neither eat nor drink three days, night or day: I also and my maidens will fast likewise; and so will I go in unto the king, which is not according to the law: and if I perish, I perish.
17 So Mordecai went his way, and did according to all that Esther had commanded him.
5 Now it came to pass on the third day, that Esther put on her royal apparel, and stood in the inner court of the king's house, over against the king's house: and the king sat upon his royal throne in the royal house, over against the gate of the house.
2 And it was so, when the king saw Esther the queen standing in the court, that she obtained favour in his sight: and the king held out to Esther the golden sceptre that was in his hand. So Esther drew near, and touched the top of the sceptre.
3 Then said the king unto her, What wilt thou, queen Esther? and what is thy request? it shall be even given thee to the half of the kingdom.
4 And Esther answered, If it seem good unto the king, let the king and Haman come this day unto the banquet that I have prepared for him.
5 Then the king said, Cause Haman to make haste, that he may do as Esther hath said. So the king and Haman came to the banquet that Esther had prepared.
6 And the king said unto Esther at the banquet of wine, What is thy petition? and it shall be granted thee: and what is thy request? even to the half of the kingdom it shall be performed.
7 Then answered Esther, and said, My petition and my request is;
8 If I have found favour in the sight of the king, and if it please the king to grant my petition, and to perform my request, let the king and Haman come to the banquet that I shall prepare for them, and I will do to morrow as the king hath said.
9 Then went Haman forth that day joyful and with a glad heart: but when Haman saw Mordecai in the king's gate, that he stood not up, nor moved for him, he was full of indignation against Mordecai.
10 Nevertheless Haman refrained himself: and when he came home, he sent and called for his friends, and Zeresh his wife.
11 And Haman told them of the glory of his riches, and the multitude of his children, and all the things wherein the king had promoted him, and how he had advanced him above the princes and servants of the king.
12 Haman said moreover, Yea, Esther the queen did let no man come in with the king unto the banquet that she had prepared but myself; and to morrow am I invited unto her also with the king.
13 Yet all this availeth me nothing, so long as I see Mordecai the Jew sitting at the king's gate.
14 Then said Zeresh his wife and all his friends unto him, Let a gallows be made of fifty cubits high, and to morrow speak thou unto the king that Mordecai may be hanged thereon: then go thou in merrily with the king unto the banquet. And the thing pleased Haman; and he caused the gallows to be made.
Esther 1-5
English Standard Version
The King's Banquets
1 Now in the days of Ahasuerus, the Ahasuerus who reigned (A)from India to Ethiopia over (B)127 provinces, 2 in those days when King Ahasuerus (C)sat on his royal throne in (D)Susa, the citadel, 3 in the third year of his reign (E)he gave a feast for all his officials and servants. The army of Persia and Media and the nobles and governors of the provinces were before him, 4 while he showed the riches of his royal glory and the splendor and pomp of his greatness for many days, 180 days. 5 And when these days were completed, the king gave for all the people present in Susa the citadel, both great and small, a feast lasting for seven days in the court of (F)the garden of the king's palace. 6 There were white cotton curtains and violet hangings fastened with cords of fine linen and purple to silver rods[a] and marble pillars, and also (G)couches of gold and silver on a mosaic pavement of porphyry, marble, mother-of-pearl, and precious stones. 7 Drinks were served in golden vessels, vessels of different kinds, and the royal wine was lavished according to the bounty of the king. 8 And drinking was according to this edict: “There is no compulsion.” For the king had given orders to all the staff of his palace to do as each man desired. 9 Queen Vashti also gave a feast for the women in the palace that belonged to King Ahasuerus.
Queen Vashti's Refusal
10 On the seventh day, (H)when the heart of the king was merry with wine, he commanded Mehuman, Biztha, (I)Harbona, (J)Bigtha and Abagtha, Zethar and Carkas, the seven eunuchs who served in the presence of King Ahasuerus, 11 to bring Queen Vashti before the king with (K)her royal crown,[b] in order to show the peoples and the princes her beauty, for she was lovely to look at. 12 But Queen Vashti refused to come at the king's command delivered by the eunuchs. At this the king became enraged, and his anger burned within him.
13 Then the king said to (L)the wise men (M)who knew the times (for this was the king's procedure toward all who were versed in law and judgment, 14 the men next to him being Carshena, Shethar, Admatha, Tarshish, Meres, Marsena, and (N)Memucan, (O)the seven princes of Persia and Media, (P)who saw the king's face, and sat first in the kingdom): 15 “According to the law, what is to be done to Queen Vashti, because she has not performed the command of King Ahasuerus delivered by the eunuchs?” 16 Then Memucan said in the presence of the king and the officials, “Not only against the king has Queen Vashti done wrong, but also against all the officials and all the peoples who are in all the provinces of King Ahasuerus. 17 For the queen's behavior will be made known to all women, causing them to look at their husbands with contempt,[c] since they will say, ‘King Ahasuerus commanded Queen Vashti to be brought before him, and she did not come.’ 18 This very day the noble women of Persia and Media who have heard of the queen's behavior will say the same to all the king's officials, and there will be contempt and wrath in plenty. 19 If it please the king, let a royal order go out from him, and let it be written among the laws of the Persians and the Medes so (Q)that it may not be repealed, that Vashti is never again to come before King Ahasuerus. And let the king give her royal position to another who is better than she. 20 So when the decree made by the king is proclaimed throughout all his kingdom, for it is vast, (R)all women will give honor to their husbands, high and low alike.” 21 This advice pleased the king and the princes, and the king did as Memucan proposed. 22 He sent letters to all the royal provinces, (S)to every province in its own script and to every people in its own language, that every man be master in his own household and speak according to the language of his people.
Esther Chosen Queen
2 After these things, (T)when the anger of King Ahasuerus had abated, he remembered Vashti (U)and what she had done and what had been decreed against her. 2 Then the king's young men who attended him said, “Let beautiful young virgins be sought out for the king. 3 And let the king appoint officers in all the provinces of his kingdom to gather all the beautiful young virgins to the harem in Susa the citadel, under custody of (V)Hegai, the king's eunuch, who is in charge of the women. (W)Let their cosmetics be given them. 4 And let the young woman who pleases the king[d] be queen instead of Vashti.” This pleased the king, and he did so.
5 Now there was a Jew in Susa the citadel whose name was (X)Mordecai, the son of Jair, son of Shimei, son of Kish, a Benjaminite, 6 (Y)who had been carried away from Jerusalem among the captives carried away with Jeconiah king of Judah, whom Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon had carried away. 7 He was bringing up Hadassah, that is Esther, (Z)the daughter of his uncle, for she had neither father nor mother. The young woman had a beautiful figure and was lovely to look at, and when her father and her mother died, Mordecai took her as his own daughter. 8 So when the king's order and his edict were proclaimed, and (AA)when many young women were gathered in Susa the citadel in custody of (AB)Hegai, Esther also was taken into the king's palace and put in custody of Hegai, who had charge of the women. 9 And the young woman pleased him and won his favor. And he quickly provided her (AC)with her cosmetics and her portion of food, and with seven chosen young women from the king's palace, and advanced her and her young women to the best place in the harem. 10 (AD)Esther had not made known her people or kindred, for Mordecai had commanded her not to make it known. 11 And every day Mordecai walked in front of the court of the harem to learn how Esther was and what was happening to her.
12 Now when the turn came for each young woman to go in to King Ahasuerus, after being twelve months under the regulations for the women, since this was the regular period of their beautifying, six months with oil of myrrh and six months with spices and ointments for women— 13 when the young woman went in to the king in this way, she was given whatever she desired to take with her from the harem to the king's palace. 14 In the evening she would go in, and in the morning she would return to the second harem in custody of Shaashgaz, the king's eunuch, who was in charge of the concubines. She would not go in to the king again, unless the king delighted in her and she was summoned by name.
15 When the turn came for Esther (AE)the daughter of Abihail the uncle of Mordecai, who had taken her as his own daughter, to go in to the king, she asked for nothing except what (AF)Hegai the king's eunuch, who had charge of the women, advised. Now Esther was winning favor in the eyes of all who saw her. 16 And when Esther was taken to King Ahasuerus, into his royal palace, in the tenth month, which is the month of Tebeth, in the seventh year of his reign, 17 the king loved Esther more than all the women, and she won grace and favor in his sight more than all the virgins, so that he set (AG)the royal crown[e] on her head and made her queen instead of Vashti. 18 Then the king (AH)gave a great feast for all his officials and servants; it was Esther's feast. He also granted a remission of taxes to the provinces and gave gifts with royal generosity.
Mordecai Discovers a Plot
19 Now when the virgins were gathered together (AI)the second time, Mordecai was sitting (AJ)at the king's gate. 20 (AK)Esther had not made known her kindred or her people, as Mordecai had commanded her, for Esther obeyed Mordecai just (AL)as when she was brought up by him. 21 In those days, as Mordecai was sitting at the king's gate, (AM)Bigthan and (AN)Teresh, two of the king's eunuchs, who guarded the threshold, became angry and sought to lay hands on King Ahasuerus. 22 And this came to the knowledge of Mordecai, (AO)and he told it to Queen Esther, and Esther told the king in the name of Mordecai. 23 When the affair was investigated and found to be so, the men were both hanged on the gallows.[f] And it was recorded in (AP)the book of the chronicles in the presence of the king.
Haman Plots Against the Jews
3 After these things King Ahasuerus (AQ)promoted Haman (AR)the Agagite, the son of Hammedatha, (AS)and advanced him and set his throne above all the officials who were with him. 2 And all the king's servants who were at the king's gate bowed down and paid homage to Haman, for the king had so commanded concerning him. (AT)But Mordecai did not bow down or pay homage. 3 Then the king's servants who were (AU)at the king's gate said to Mordecai, “Why do you transgress (AV)the king's command?” 4 And when they spoke to him day after day and he would not listen to them, they told Haman, in order to see whether Mordecai's words would stand, for he had told them that he was a Jew. 5 And when Haman saw that (AW)Mordecai did not bow down or pay homage to him, Haman was (AX)filled with fury. 6 But he disdained[g] to lay hands on Mordecai alone. So, as they had made known to him the people of Mordecai, Haman sought to destroy[h] all the Jews, the people of Mordecai, throughout the whole kingdom of Ahasuerus.
7 In the first month, which is the month of Nisan, in the twelfth year of King Ahasuerus, (AY)they cast Pur (that is, they cast lots) before Haman day after day; and they cast it month after month till the twelfth month, which is (AZ)the month of Adar. 8 Then Haman said to King Ahasuerus, “There is a certain people scattered abroad and dispersed among the peoples in all the provinces of your kingdom. (BA)Their laws are different from those of every other people, and they do not keep the king's laws, so that it is not to the king's profit to tolerate them. 9 If it please the king, let it be decreed that they be destroyed, and I will pay 10,000 talents[i] of silver into the hands of those who have charge of the king's business, that they may put it into the king's treasuries.” 10 (BB)So the king took his signet ring from his hand and gave it to Haman (BC)the Agagite, the son of Hammedatha, (BD)the enemy of the Jews. 11 And the king said to Haman, “The money is given to you, the people also, to do with them as it seems good to you.”
12 (BE)Then the king's scribes were summoned on the thirteenth day of the first month, and an edict, according to all that Haman commanded, was written to the king's (BF)satraps and to the governors over all the provinces and to the officials of all the peoples, (BG)to every province in its own script and every people in its own language. It was written (BH)in the name of King Ahasuerus (BI)and sealed with the king's signet ring. 13 Letters were sent (BJ)by couriers to all the king's provinces with instruction (BK)to destroy, to kill, and to annihilate all Jews, young and old, women and children, (BL)in one day, the thirteenth day of the twelfth month, which is the month of Adar, (BM)and to plunder their goods. 14 (BN)A copy of the document was to be issued as a decree in every province by proclamation to all the peoples to be ready for that day. 15 (BO)The couriers went out hurriedly by order of the king, and the decree was issued in Susa the citadel. And the king and Haman sat down to drink, (BP)but the city of Susa was thrown into confusion.
Esther Agrees to Help the Jews
4 When Mordecai learned all that had been done, Mordecai tore his clothes (BQ)and put on sackcloth and ashes, and went out into the midst of the city, and he cried out with a loud and bitter cry. 2 He went up to the entrance of the king's gate, for no one was allowed to enter the king's gate clothed in sackcloth. 3 And in every province, wherever the king's command and his decree reached, there was great mourning among the Jews, (BR)with fasting and weeping and lamenting, and many of them (BS)lay in sackcloth and ashes.
4 When Esther's young women and her eunuchs came and told her, the queen was deeply distressed. She sent garments to clothe Mordecai, so that he might take off his sackcloth, but he would not accept them. 5 Then Esther called for Hathach, one of the king's eunuchs, who had been appointed to attend her, and ordered him to go to Mordecai to learn what this was and why it was. 6 Hathach went out to Mordecai in the open square of the city in front of the king's gate, 7 and Mordecai told him all that had happened to him, (BT)and the exact sum of money that Haman had promised to pay into the king's treasuries for the destruction of the Jews. 8 Mordecai also gave him (BU)a copy of the written decree issued in Susa for their destruction,[j] that he might show it to Esther and explain it to her and command her to go to the king to beg his favor and plead with him[k] on behalf of her people. 9 And Hathach went and told Esther what Mordecai had said. 10 Then Esther spoke to Hathach and commanded him to go to Mordecai and say, 11 “All the king's servants and the people of the king's provinces know that if any man or woman goes to the king inside (BV)the inner court without being called, (BW)there is but one law—to be put to death, except the one (BX)to whom the king holds out the golden scepter so that he may live. But as for me, I have not been called to come in to the king these thirty days.”
12 And they told Mordecai what Esther had said. 13 Then Mordecai told them to reply to Esther, “Do not think to yourself that in the king's palace you will escape any more than all the other Jews. 14 For if you keep silent at this time, relief and deliverance will rise for the Jews from another place, but you and your father's house will perish. And who knows whether you have not come to the kingdom for such a time as this?” 15 Then Esther told them to reply to Mordecai, 16 “Go, gather all the Jews to be found in Susa, and hold a fast on my behalf, and do not eat or drink for (BY)three days, night or day. I and my young women will also fast as you do. Then I will go to the king, though it is against the law, (BZ)and if I perish, I perish.”[l] 17 Mordecai then went away and did everything as Esther had ordered him.
Esther Prepares a Banquet
5 (CA)On the third day Esther put on her royal robes and stood in (CB)the inner court of the king's palace, in front of the king's quarters, while the king was sitting on his royal throne inside the throne room opposite the entrance to the palace. 2 And when the king saw Queen Esther standing in the court, (CC)she won favor in his sight, (CD)and he held out to Esther the golden scepter that was in his hand. Then Esther approached and touched the tip of the scepter. 3 And the king said to her, “What is it, Queen Esther? What is your request? It shall be given you, even (CE)to the half of my kingdom.” 4 And Esther said, “If it please the king,[m] let the king and Haman come today to a feast that I have prepared for the king.” 5 Then the king said, “Bring Haman quickly, so that we may do as Esther has asked.” So the king and Haman came to the feast that Esther had prepared. 6 (CF)And as they were drinking wine after the feast, the king said to Esther, (CG)“What is your wish? It shall be granted you. And what is your request? (CH)Even to the half of my kingdom, it shall be fulfilled.”[n] 7 Then Esther answered, “My wish and my request is: 8 (CI)If I have found favor in the sight of the king, and if it please the king[o] to grant my wish and fulfill my request, let the king and Haman come to (CJ)the feast that I will prepare for them, and tomorrow I will do as the king has said.”
Haman Plans to Hang Mordecai
9 And Haman went out that day (CK)joyful and glad of heart. But when Haman saw Mordecai (CL)in the king's gate, (CM)that he neither rose nor trembled before him, he was filled with wrath against Mordecai. 10 Nevertheless, Haman restrained himself and went home, and he sent and brought his friends and (CN)his wife Zeresh. 11 And Haman recounted to them the splendor of his riches, (CO)the number of his sons, all the promotions with which (CP)the king had honored him, and how he had advanced him above the officials and the servants of the king. 12 Then Haman said, “Even Queen Esther let no one but me come with the king to the feast she prepared. And tomorrow also I am invited by her together with the king. 13 Yet all this is worth nothing to me, so long as I see Mordecai the Jew sitting (CQ)at the king's gate.” 14 Then (CR)his wife Zeresh and all his friends said to him, (CS)“Let a gallows[p] fifty cubits[q] high be made, and in the morning tell the king to have Mordecai hanged upon it. Then go joyfully with the king to the feast.” This idea pleased Haman, and he had the gallows made.
Footnotes
- Esther 1:6 Or rings
- Esther 1:11 Or headdress
- Esther 1:17 Hebrew to disdain their husbands in their eyes
- Esther 2:4 Hebrew who is good in the eyes of the king
- Esther 2:17 Or headdress
- Esther 2:23 Or wooden beam or stake; Hebrew tree or wood. This Persian execution practice involved affixing or impaling a person on a stake or pole (compare Ezra 6:11)
- Esther 3:6 Hebrew disdained in his eyes
- Esther 3:6 Or annihilate
- Esther 3:9 A talent was about 75 pounds or 34 kilograms
- Esther 4:8 Or annihilation
- Esther 4:8 Hebrew and seek from before his face
- Esther 4:16 Hebrew if I am destroyed, then I will be destroyed
- Esther 5:4 Hebrew If it is good to the king
- Esther 5:6 Or done
- Esther 5:8 Hebrew if it is good to the king
- Esther 5:14 Or wooden beam; twice in this verse (see note on 2:23)
- Esther 5:14 A cubit was about 18 inches or 45 centimeters
The ESV® Bible (The Holy Bible, English Standard Version®), © 2001 by Crossway, a publishing ministry of Good News Publishers. ESV Text Edition: 2025.
