Justicia y misericordia en lugar de ayuno

En el cuarto año del reinado del rey Darío, en el día cuatro del mes noveno, que es el mes de quisleu, la palabra del Señor vino a Zacarías. El pueblo de Betel había enviado a Sarézer y a Reguen Mélec, y a sus hombres, a buscar el favor del Señor y a preguntarles a los sacerdotes del Templo del Señor de los Ejércitos y a los profetas: «¿Debemos seguir llorando y ayunando en el quinto mes, tal como lo hemos hecho todos estos años?».

Vino entonces a mí esta palabra de parte del Señor de los Ejércitos: «Dile a todo el pueblo de la tierra y también a los sacerdotes: “Cuando ustedes ayunaban y se lamentaban en los meses quinto y séptimo de los últimos setenta años, ¿realmente ayunaban por mí? Y cuando comen y beben, ¿acaso no lo hacen para sí mismos?

»”¿No son estas las palabras que por medio de los antiguos profetas el Señor mismo proclamó cuando Jerusalén y las ciudades cercanas estaban habitadas y tenían paz, cuando el Néguev y las llanuras occidentales también estaban habitadas?”».

La palabra del Señor vino de nuevo a Zacarías. Le dijo:

«Así dice el Señor de los Ejércitos:

»“Juzguen con verdadera justicia;
    muestren amor y compasión
    los unos por los otros.
10 No opriman a las viudas ni a los huérfanos,
    ni a los extranjeros, ni a los pobres.
No maquinen el mal en su corazón
    los unos contra los otros”.

11 »Pero ellos se negaron a hacer caso. Desafiantes, volvieron la espalda y se taparon los oídos. 12 Para no oír la Ley ni las palabras que por medio de los antiguos profetas el Señor de los Ejércitos había enviado con su Espíritu; endurecieron su corazón como el diamante. Por lo tanto, el Señor de los Ejércitos se llenó de ira. 13 “Como no me escucharon cuando los llamé, tampoco yo los escucharé cuando ellos me llamen —dice el Señor de los Ejércitos—. 14 Como con un torbellino, los dispersé entre todas las naciones que no conocían. La tierra que dejaron quedó tan desolada que nadie siquiera pasaba por ella. Fue así como convirtieron en ruina la tierra que antes era apetecible”».

The Hypocrisy of False Fasting

In King Darius’ fourth year, on the fourth day of Kislev, the ninth month,[a] the Lord’s message came to Zechariah. Now the people of Bethel had sent Sharezer and Regem-Melech and their companions to seek the Lord’s favor by asking both the priests of the temple[b] of the Lord of Heaven’s Armies and the prophets, “Should we weep in the fifth month,[c] fasting as we have done over the years?” The message of the Lord of Heaven’s Armies then came to me, “Speak to all the people and priests of the land as follows: ‘When you fasted and lamented in the fifth and seventh[d] months through all these seventy years, did you truly fast for me—for me, indeed? And now when you eat and drink, are you not doing so for yourselves? Should you not have obeyed the words that the Lord cried out through the former prophets when Jerusalem was peacefully inhabited and her surrounding cities, the Negev, and the foothills[e] were also populated?’”

Again the Lord’s message came to Zechariah: “The Lord of Heaven’s Armies said, ‘Exercise true judgment and show brotherhood and compassion to each other. 10 You must not oppress the widow, the orphan, the resident foreigner, or the poor, nor should anyone secretly plot evil against his fellow citizen.’[f]

11 “But they refused to pay attention, turning away stubbornly and stopping their ears so they could not hear. 12 Indeed, they made their hearts as hard as diamond,[g] so that they could not obey the law of Moses[h] and the other words the Lord of Heaven’s Armies had sent by his Spirit through the former prophets. Therefore, the Lord of Heaven’s Armies poured out great wrath.

13 “‘Just as I[i] called out, but they would not obey, so they will call out, but I will not listen,’ the Lord of Heaven’s Armies says. 14 ‘Rather, I will sweep them away in a storm into all the nations they are not familiar with.’ Thus the land became desolate because of them, with no one crossing through or returning, for they had made the fruitful[j] land a waste.”

Footnotes

  1. Zechariah 7:1 sn The fourth day of Kislev, the ninth month would be December 7, 518 b.c., 22 months after the previous eight visions.
  2. Zechariah 7:3 tn Heb “house” (so NAB, NIV, NRSV).
  3. Zechariah 7:3 sn This lamentation marked the occasion of the destruction of Solomon’s temple on August 14, 586 b.c., almost exactly 70 years earlier (cf. 2 Kgs 25:8).
  4. Zechariah 7:5 tn The seventh month apparently refers to the anniversary of the assassination of Gedaliah, governor of Judah (Jer 40:13-14; 41:1), in approximately 581 b.c.
  5. Zechariah 7:7 sn The foothills (שְׁפֵלָה, shephelah) are the region between the Judean hill country and the Mediterranean coastal plain.
  6. Zechariah 7:10 tn Heb “brother.” The Hebrew term ‘akh (אָח) may refer to a brother, relative, fellow countryman, or companion.sn Cf. Exod 22:21; Lev 19:33-34; Deut 10:18-19; 24:14, 17; 27:19.
  7. Zechariah 7:12 tn The Hebrew term שָׁמִיר (shamir) means literally “hardness” and since it is said in Ezek 3:9 to be harder than flint, many scholars suggest that it refers to diamond. It is unlikely that diamond was known to ancient Israel, however, so probably a hard stone like emery or corundum is in view. The translation nevertheless uses “diamond” because in modern times it has become proverbial for its hardness. A number of English versions use “flint” here (e.g., NASB, NIV).
  8. Zechariah 7:12 tn Heb “Torah”; the five books of Moses that make up the Pentateuch.
  9. Zechariah 7:13 tn Heb “he.” Since the third person pronoun refers to the Lord, it has been translated as a first person pronoun (“I”) to accommodate English style, which typically does not exhibit switches between persons of pronouns in the same immediate context as Hebrew does.
  10. Zechariah 7:14 tn Or “desirable”; traditionally “pleasant” (so many English versions; cf. TEV “This good land”).