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Éxodo 21
La Biblia de las Américas
Éxodo 21
La Biblia de las Américas
Leyes sobre la esclavitud
21 Estas son las ordenanzas que pondrás delante de ellos(A). 2 Si compras un siervo hebreo(B), te servirá seis años, pero al séptimo saldrá libre sin pagar nada. 3 Si entró solo[a], saldrá solo[b]; si tenía mujer, entonces su mujer saldrá con él. 4 Si su amo le da mujer, y ella le da a luz hijos o hijas, la mujer y sus hijos serán de su amo, y él saldrá solo[c]. 5 Pero si el siervo insiste, diciendo: «Amo a mi señor(C), a mi mujer y a mis hijos; no saldré libre», 6 entonces su amo lo traerá a Dios[d], y lo traerá a la puerta o al quicial. Y su amo le horadará la oreja con una lezna, y él le servirá para siempre(D). 7 Y si alguno vende a su hija por sierva(E), ella no saldrá libre como salen los siervos(F). 8 Si ella no agrada a[e] su amo que la había destinado para sí[f], permitirá que sea redimida. Pero no podrá venderla a un pueblo extranjero, por haberla tratado con engaño. 9 Y si la destina para su hijo, la tratará conforme a la costumbre de las hijas. 10 Si toma para sí otra mujer, no disminuirá a la primera su alimento[g], ni su ropa, ni sus derechos conyugales(G). 11 Y si no hace por ella estas tres cosas, entonces ella saldrá libre sin pagar dinero.
Leyes sobre el homicidio y la violencia
12 El que hiera de muerte a otro, ciertamente morirá(H). 13 Pero si[h] no estaba al acecho, sino que Dios permitió que cayera en sus manos(I), entonces yo te señalaré un lugar donde pueda refugiarse(J). 14 Sin embargo, si alguno se ensoberbece contra su prójimo para matarlo con alevosía, lo tomarás aun de mi altar para que muera(K).
15 El que hiera a su padre o a su madre, ciertamente morirá.
16 El que secuestre[i] a una persona(L), ya sea que la venda o sea hallada en su poder[j], ciertamente morirá. 17 El que maldiga a su padre o a su madre, ciertamente morirá(M).
18 Si dos hombres riñen y uno hiere al otro con una piedra o con el puño, y no muere, pero guarda cama, 19 y[k] se levanta y anda afuera con su bastón, el que lo hirió será absuelto; solo pagará por su tiempo perdido[l], y lo cuidará hasta que esté completamente curado[m].
20 Si alguno hiere a su siervo o a su sierva con una vara, y muere bajo su mano, será castigado[n]. 21 Sin embargo, si sobrevive[o] uno o dos días, no se tomará venganza, porque es propiedad suya[p](N).
22 Y si algunos hombres luchan entre sí y golpean a una mujer encinta, y ella aborta[q], sin haber otro daño, ciertamente el culpable será multado según lo que el esposo de la mujer demande de él[r]; y pagará según lo que los jueces decidan[s](O). 23 Pero si hubiera algún otro daño, entonces pondrás como castigo, vida por vida(P), 24 ojo por ojo, diente por diente, mano por mano, pie por pie(Q), 25 quemadura por quemadura, herida por herida, golpe[t] por golpe[u].
Leyes para los amos y propietarios
26 Si alguno hiere el ojo de su siervo o de su sierva y se lo inutiliza, lo dejará ir libre a causa del ojo. 27 Y si hace saltar[v] un diente a su siervo o a su sierva, lo dejará ir libre a causa del diente.
28 Y si un buey acornea a un hombre o a una mujer, y le causa la muerte, ciertamente el buey será apedreado y su carne no se comerá(R); pero el dueño del buey no será castigado. 29 Sin embargo, si el buey tenía desde antes el hábito de acornear, y su dueño había sido advertido[w], pero no lo había encerrado, y mata a un hombre o a una mujer, el buey será apedreado, y su dueño también morirá. 30 Si se le impone precio de rescate, entonces dará por la redención de su vida lo que se demande de él[x]. 31 Si acornea a un hijo o a una hija[y], será enjuiciado según la misma ley[z]. 32 Si el buey acornea a un siervo o a una sierva, el dueño dará a su amo treinta siclos[aa] de plata(S), y el buey será apedreado.
33 Si alguno destapa un pozo, o cava[ab] un pozo y no lo cubre, y cae en él un buey o un asno, 34 el dueño del pozo hará restitución; dará[ac] dinero a su dueño, y el animal muerto será suyo.
35 Y si el buey de alguno hiere al buey de otro y le causa la muerte, entonces venderán el buey vivo y se dividirán el dinero[ad], y se dividirán también el buey muerto. 36 Pero si sabía que el buey tenía desde antes el hábito de acornear y su dueño no lo había encerrado, ciertamente pagará buey por buey, y el buey muerto será suyo.
Footnotes
- Éxodo 21:3 Lit., por sí mismo
- Éxodo 21:3 Lit., por sí mismo
- Éxodo 21:4 Lit., por sí mismo
- Éxodo 21:6 O, los jueces; i.e., los jueces que juzgaban en nombre de Dios
- Éxodo 21:8 Lit., Si es mala a los ojos de
- Éxodo 21:8 Así en algunas versiones antiguas; en heb., que no la designó
- Éxodo 21:10 Lit., carne
- Éxodo 21:13 Lit., el que
- Éxodo 21:16 Lit., robe
- Éxodo 21:16 Lit., mano
- Éxodo 21:19 Lit., si
- Éxodo 21:19 Lit., su sentarse
- Éxodo 21:19 Lit., y curando hará que cure
- Éxodo 21:20 Lit., sufrirá venganza
- Éxodo 21:21 Lit., permanece
- Éxodo 21:21 Lit., dinero suyo
- Éxodo 21:22 Lit., sus hijos salen
- Éxodo 21:22 Lit., ponga sobre él
- Éxodo 21:22 Lit., mediante arbitrio
- Éxodo 21:25 Lit., verdugón
- Éxodo 21:25 Lit., verdugón
- Éxodo 21:27 Lit., caer
- Éxodo 21:29 Lit., testificado
- Éxodo 21:30 Lit., se le imponga
- Éxodo 21:31 Lit., o acornea a una hija
- Éxodo 21:31 Lit., este juicio
- Éxodo 21:32 Un siclo equivale aprox. a 11.4 gramos
- Éxodo 21:33 Lit., o si alguno cava
- Éxodo 21:34 Lit., devolverá
- Éxodo 21:35 O, su precio
Exodus 21
New International Version
Exodus 21
New International Version
21 “These are the laws(A) you are to set before them:
Hebrew Servants(B)(C)
2 “If you buy a Hebrew servant,(D) he is to serve you for six years. But in the seventh year, he shall go free,(E) without paying anything. 3 If he comes alone, he is to go free alone; but if he has a wife when he comes, she is to go with him. 4 If his master gives him a wife and she bears him sons or daughters, the woman and her children shall belong to her master, and only the man shall go free.
5 “But if the servant declares, ‘I love my master and my wife and children and do not want to go free,’(F) 6 then his master must take him before the judges.[a](G) He shall take him to the door or the doorpost and pierce(H) his ear with an awl. Then he will be his servant for life.(I)
7 “If a man sells his daughter as a servant, she is not to go free as male servants do. 8 If she does not please the master who has selected her for himself,[b] he must let her be redeemed. He has no right to sell her to foreigners, because he has broken faith with her. 9 If he selects her for his son, he must grant her the rights of a daughter. 10 If he marries another woman, he must not deprive the first one of her food, clothing and marital rights.(J) 11 If he does not provide her with these three things, she is to go free, without any payment of money.
Personal Injuries
12 “Anyone who strikes a person with a fatal blow is to be put to death.(K) 13 However, if it is not done intentionally, but God lets it happen, they are to flee to a place(L) I will designate. 14 But if anyone schemes and kills someone deliberately,(M) that person is to be taken from my altar and put to death.(N)
15 “Anyone who attacks[c] their father or mother is to be put to death.
16 “Anyone who kidnaps someone is to be put to death,(O) whether the victim has been sold(P) or is still in the kidnapper’s possession.
17 “Anyone who curses their father or mother is to be put to death.(Q)
18 “If people quarrel and one person hits another with a stone or with their fist[d] and the victim does not die but is confined to bed, 19 the one who struck the blow will not be held liable if the other can get up and walk around outside with a staff; however, the guilty party must pay the injured person for any loss of time and see that the victim is completely healed.
20 “Anyone who beats their male or female slave with a rod must be punished if the slave dies as a direct result, 21 but they are not to be punished if the slave recovers after a day or two, since the slave is their property.(R)
22 “If people are fighting and hit a pregnant woman and she gives birth prematurely[e] but there is no serious injury, the offender must be fined whatever the woman’s husband demands(S) and the court allows. 23 But if there is serious injury, you are to take life for life,(T) 24 eye for eye, tooth for tooth,(U) hand for hand, foot for foot, 25 burn for burn, wound for wound, bruise for bruise.
26 “An owner who hits a male or female slave in the eye and destroys it must let the slave go free to compensate for the eye. 27 And an owner who knocks out the tooth of a male or female slave must let the slave go free to compensate for the tooth.
28 “If a bull gores a man or woman to death, the bull is to be stoned to death,(V) and its meat must not be eaten. But the owner of the bull will not be held responsible. 29 If, however, the bull has had the habit of goring and the owner has been warned but has not kept it penned up(W) and it kills a man or woman, the bull is to be stoned and its owner also is to be put to death. 30 However, if payment is demanded, the owner may redeem his life by the payment of whatever is demanded.(X) 31 This law also applies if the bull gores a son or daughter. 32 If the bull gores a male or female slave, the owner must pay thirty shekels[f](Y) of silver to the master of the slave, and the bull is to be stoned to death.
33 “If anyone uncovers a pit(Z) or digs one and fails to cover it and an ox or a donkey falls into it, 34 the one who opened the pit must pay the owner for the loss and take the dead animal in exchange.
35 “If anyone’s bull injures someone else’s bull and it dies, the two parties are to sell the live one and divide both the money and the dead animal equally. 36 However, if it was known that the bull had the habit of goring, yet the owner did not keep it penned up,(AA) the owner must pay, animal for animal, and take the dead animal in exchange.
Footnotes
- Exodus 21:6 Or before God
- Exodus 21:8 Or master so that he does not choose her
- Exodus 21:15 Or kills
- Exodus 21:18 Or with a tool
- Exodus 21:22 Or she has a miscarriage
- Exodus 21:32 That is, about 12 ounces or about 345 grams
Exodus 21
King James Version
Exodus 21
King James Version
21 Now these are the judgments which thou shalt set before them.
2 If thou buy an Hebrew servant, six years he shall serve: and in the seventh he shall go out free for nothing.
3 If he came in by himself, he shall go out by himself: if he were married, then his wife shall go out with him.
4 If his master have given him a wife, and she have born him sons or daughters; the wife and her children shall be her master's, and he shall go out by himself.
5 And if the servant shall plainly say, I love my master, my wife, and my children; I will not go out free:
6 Then his master shall bring him unto the judges; he shall also bring him to the door, or unto the door post; and his master shall bore his ear through with an aul; and he shall serve him for ever.
7 And if a man sell his daughter to be a maidservant, she shall not go out as the menservants do.
8 If she please not her master, who hath betrothed her to himself, then shall he let her be redeemed: to sell her unto a strange nation he shall have no power, seeing he hath dealt deceitfully with her.
9 And if he have betrothed her unto his son, he shall deal with her after the manner of daughters.
10 If he take him another wife; her food, her raiment, and her duty of marriage, shall he not diminish.
11 And if he do not these three unto her, then shall she go out free without money.
12 He that smiteth a man, so that he die, shall be surely put to death.
13 And if a man lie not in wait, but God deliver him into his hand; then I will appoint thee a place whither he shall flee.
14 But if a man come presumptuously upon his neighbour, to slay him with guile; thou shalt take him from mine altar, that he may die.
15 And he that smiteth his father, or his mother, shall be surely put to death.
16 And he that stealeth a man, and selleth him, or if he be found in his hand, he shall surely be put to death.
17 And he that curseth his father, or his mother, shall surely be put to death.
18 And if men strive together, and one smite another with a stone, or with his fist, and he die not, but keepeth his bed:
19 If he rise again, and walk abroad upon his staff, then shall he that smote him be quit: only he shall pay for the loss of his time, and shall cause him to be thoroughly healed.
20 And if a man smite his servant, or his maid, with a rod, and he die under his hand; he shall be surely punished.
21 Notwithstanding, if he continue a day or two, he shall not be punished: for he is his money.
22 If men strive, and hurt a woman with child, so that her fruit depart from her, and yet no mischief follow: he shall be surely punished, according as the woman's husband will lay upon him; and he shall pay as the judges determine.
23 And if any mischief follow, then thou shalt give life for life,
24 Eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot,
25 Burning for burning, wound for wound, stripe for stripe.
26 And if a man smite the eye of his servant, or the eye of his maid, that it perish; he shall let him go free for his eye's sake.
27 And if he smite out his manservant's tooth, or his maidservant's tooth; he shall let him go free for his tooth's sake.
28 If an ox gore a man or a woman, that they die: then the ox shall be surely stoned, and his flesh shall not be eaten; but the owner of the ox shall be quit.
29 But if the ox were wont to push with his horn in time past, and it hath been testified to his owner, and he hath not kept him in, but that he hath killed a man or a woman; the ox shall be stoned, and his owner also shall be put to death.
30 If there be laid on him a sum of money, then he shall give for the ransom of his life whatsoever is laid upon him.
31 Whether he have gored a son, or have gored a daughter, according to this judgment shall it be done unto him.
32 If the ox shall push a manservant or a maidservant; he shall give unto their master thirty shekels of silver, and the ox shall be stoned.
33 And if a man shall open a pit, or if a man shall dig a pit, and not cover it, and an ox or an ass fall therein;
34 The owner of the pit shall make it good, and give money unto the owner of them; and the dead beast shall be his.
35 And if one man's ox hurt another's, that he die; then they shall sell the live ox, and divide the money of it; and the dead ox also they shall divide.
36 Or if it be known that the ox hath used to push in time past, and his owner hath not kept him in; he shall surely pay ox for ox; and the dead shall be his own.
New International Version (NIV) 
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