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Hukumu Ya Mungu

Kwa hiyo huna udhuru wo wote, hata ukiwa nani, unapowahu kumu wengine. Kwa maana unapowahukumu wengine unajihukumu mwe nyewe, kwa kuwa wewe uliye hakimu unafanya mambo hayo hayo. Tunajua kwamba hukumu ya Mungu huwafikia kwa halali wote wanaotenda mambo haya. Je, wewe uliye binadamu tu, unapowahuku mu watu wanaofanya mambo hayo na huku wewe mwenyewe pia unafanya hayo hayo, unadhani utaepuka hukumu ya Mungu? Au labda unad harau wingi wa huruma, uvumilivu na subira ya Mungu, ukasahau kwamba wema wake una shabaha ya kukufanya utubu?

Lakini kwa sababu ya ugumu na ukaidi wa moyo wako usioku bali kutubu, unajiwekea ghadhabu kwa siku ile ambapo ghadhabu ya Mungu na hukumu yake ya haki itadhihirishwa. Siku hiyo, Mungu atamlipa kila mtu kulingana na matendo yake. Wale ambao hutenda wema wakati wote na kutafuta utukufu, heshima na maisha yasiyo haribika, Mungu atawapa uzima wa milele. Lakini wote watafu tao kujinufaisha, wanaokataa kweli na kufuatauovu, watapokea ghadhabu na hasira ya Mungu. Kwa maana kila binadamu atendaye uovu atapata mateso na shida, kuanzia kwa Myahudi na kisha kwa mtu wa mataifa mengine. 10 Lakini Mungu atawapa utukufu, heshima na amani wote watendao mema; Wayahudi kwanza na kisha watu wa mataifa mengine. 11 Kwa maana Mungu hana upendeleo.

12 Watu wote waliotenda dhambi pasipokuwa na sheria ya Musa wataangamia pasipo sheria; na wale wote waliotenda dhambi chini ya sheria ya Musa watahukumiwa kwa sheria iyo hiyo. 13 Kwa maana wanaohesabiwa haki mbele ya Mungu si wale wanaosikia bali ni wal ewanaotii maagizo ya sheria. 14 Watu wa mataifa mengine ambao hawana sheria ya Musa, wanapoamua kutenda yale ambayo yameagizwa na sheria kwa kuongozwa na dhamiri zao, wao wenyewe wanakuwa wamejiwekea sheria, ingawa hawana sheria ya Musa. 15 Kwa jinsi hii matendo yao yanaonyesha kwamba yale yaliyoagizwa katika she ria ya Musa yameandikwa ndani ya mioyo yao. Dhamiri zao pia hush uhudia hivyo; kwa maana mawazo yao mara nyingine huwashtaki na mara nyingine huwatetea. 16 Kwa hiyo, kama Habari Njema ninay ohubiri inavyosema, hivyo ndivyo itakavyokuwa siku ile ambayo Mungu, kwa njia ya Yesu Kristo, atayahukumu mawazo ya siri ya wanadamu.

Wayahudi Na Sheria Ya Musa

17 Na wewe je? Wewe unayejiita Myahudi: unaitegemea sheria ya Musa na kujisifia uhusiano wako na Mungu; 18 unajua mapenzi ya Mungu na unatambua lililo bora kutokana na hiyo sheria. 19 Kama unatambua kuwa wewe ni kiongozi wa vipofu na mwanga kwa wale walioko gizani; 20 mkufunzi wa wajinga na mwalimu wa watoto wachanga, kwa kuwa una hakika kwamba ndani ya hiyo sheria mna maarifa na kweli yote: 21 wewe unayewafundisha wengine, mbona hujifunzi mwenyewe? Wewe unayehubiri kwamba watu wasiibe, wewe huibi? 22 Wewe unayewaambia watu wasizini, wewe huzini? Wewe uchukiaye miungu ya sanamu, huibi katika mahekalu? 23 Wewe unayejisifia sheria, humwaibishi Mungu kwa kuvunja sheria? 24 Kwa maana Maandiko yanasema, “Kwa ajili yenu ninyi Wayahudi, jina la Mungu linatukanwa miongoni mwa mataifa ya watu wasiom jua Mungu.”

25 Kutahiriwa kuna thamani tu iwapo unatii sheria, lakini kama unavunja sheria, umekuwa kama hukutahiriwa. 26 Kwa hiyo kama watu ambao hawakutahiriwa wanatimiza maagizo ya she ria, je, Mungu hatawahesabu kuwa kama waliotahiriwa? 27 Ndipo wale ambao kimwili hawakutahiriwa lakini wanatii sheria watawa hukumu ninyi mlio na Maandiko ya sheria nakutahiriwa lakini mna vunja sheria. 28 Kwamaana Myahudi wa kweli si yule anayeonekana kwa dalili za nje, wala tohara ya kweli si kitu cha kimwili. 29 Myahudi wa kweli ni yule aliye Myahudi kwa ndani, na tohara ya kweli ni jambo la moyoni, jambo la kiroho, wala si la sheria iliyoandikwa. Mtu wa jinsi hii anapata sifa kutoka kwa Mungu, wala si kutoka kwa wanadamu.

Huwezi Kuwahukumu Wengine

Je, unadhani unaweza kuwahukumu watu wengine? Unakosea. Wewe pia una hatia ya dhambi. Unawahukumu kwa kuwa wanatenda mabaya, lakini wewe unatenda yale wanayotenda. Hivyo unapowahukumu, unajihukumu wewe mwenyewe. Lakini tunajua kwamba Mungu yuko sahihi kwa kuwahukumu wote wanaotenda mambo ya jinsi hiyo! Lakini kwa kuwa unatenda mambo sawa na wale unaowahukumu, hakika unaelewa kuwa Mungu atakuadhibu nawe pia. Unawezaje kufikiri kuwa utaiepuka hukumu yake? Mungu amekuwa mwema kwako. Na amekuwa mvumilivu sana, akisubiri ubadilike. Lakini haufikirii jambo lolote kuhusu wema wake mkuu. Pengine huelewi kwamba Mungu ni mwema kwako ili ubadili moyo na maisha yako.

Lakini wewe ni mkaidi sana! Unakataa kubadilika. Hivyo unaikuza hukumu yako wewe mwenyewe zaidi na zaidi. Utahukumiwa siku ile ambapo Mungu ataonesha hasira yake. Siku ambayo kila mtu ataona Mungu anavyowahukumu watu kwa haki.[a] Kama anavyosema, “Atamlipa au kumwadhibu kila mtu kutokana na matendo yale.”(A) Watu wengine hawachoki kutenda mema. Wanaishi kwa ajili ya utukufu na heshima kutoka kwa Mungu na kwa ajili ya maisha yasiyoweza kuharibiwa. Mungu atawapa watu hao uzima wa milele. Lakini wengine hutenda mambo yanayowafurahisha wao wenyewe. Hivyo hukataa yaliyo haki na huchagua kutenda mabaya. Watateseka kwa hukumu ya Mungu yenye hasira. Matatizo na mateso yatampata kila mmoja anayetenda uovu; kuanzia Wayahudi kwanza kisha wale wasio Wayahudi. 10 Lakini atampa utukufu, heshima na amani kila atendaye mema; wale wote wanaotenda mema; kuanzia Wayahudi kwanza kisha wale wasio Wayahudi. 11 Ndiyo, Mungu humhukumu kila mtu pasipo upendeleo, bila kujali yeye ni nani.

12 Watu walio na sheria na wote ambao hawajawahi kuisikia sheria, wote wako sawa wanapotenda dhambi. Watu wasio na sheria na ni watenda dhambi wataangamizwa. Vivyo hivyo, wale walio na sheria na ni watenda dhambi watahukumiwa kuwa na hatia kwa kutumia sheria. 13 Kuisikia sheria hakuwafanyi watu wawe wenye haki kwa Mungu. Wanakuwa wenye haki mbele zake, pale wanapotekeleza kile kinachoagizwa na sheria.

14 Fikirini kuhusu wasio Wahayudi ambao hawakukua wakiwa na sheria. Wanapotenda kama sheria inavyoamuru,[b] wanakuwa kielelezo cha sheria, ijapokuwa hawana sheria iliyoandikwa. 15 Wanaonesha kuwa wanafahamu kilicho sahihi na kibaya, kama sheria inavyoamuru na dhamiri zao zinakubali. Lakini wakati mwingine mawazo yao huwaambia kuwa wamekosea au wamefanya sahihi. 16 Hivi ndivyo itakavyokuwa siku ambayo Mungu atazihukumu siri za watu kupitia Yesu Kristo, sawasawa na Habari Njema ninayoihubiri.

Wayahudi na Sheria

17 Wewe unajiita Myahudi, na unajiona upo salama kwa kuwa tu una sheria. Kwa majivuno unadai kuwa wewe ni mmoja wa wateule wa Mungu. 18 Unajua yale ambayo Mungu anataka ufanye. Na unajua yaliyo muhimu, kwa sababu umejifunza sheria. 19 Unadhani kuwa wewe ni kiongozi wa watu wasioweza kuiona njia sahihi, na nuru kwa wale walio gizani. 20 Unafikiri unaweza kuwaonesha wajinga kilicho sahihi. Na unadhani kuwa wewe ni mwalimu wa wanaoanza kujifunza. Unayo sheria, na hivyo unadhani unajua kila kitu na una kweli yote. 21 Unawafundisha wengine, sasa kwa nini usijifundishe wewe wenyewe? Unawaambia usiibe, lakini wewe mwenyewe unaiba. 22 Unasema wasizini, lakini wewe mwenyewe una hatia ya dhambi hiyo. Unachukia sanamu, lakini unaziiba sanamu katika mahekalu yao. 23 Unajivuna sana kwamba una sheria ya Mungu, lakini unamletea Mungu aibu kwa kuivunja sheria yake. 24 Kama Maandiko yanavyosema, “Watu wa mataifa mengine wanamtukana Mungu kwa sababu yako.”[c]

25 Ikiwa mnaifuata sheria, basi kutahiriwa kwenu kuna maana. Lakini mkiivunja sheria, mnakuwa kama watu ambao hawakutahiriwa. 26 Wale wasiokuwa Wayahudi hawatahiriwi. Lakini wakiifuata sheria inavyosema, wanakuwa kama watu waliotahiriwa. 27 Mnayo sheria na tohara, lakini mnaivunja sheria. Hivyo wale wasiotahiriwa katika miili yao, lakini bado wanaitii sheria, wataonesha kuwa mna hatia.

28 Wewe si Myahudi halisi ikiwa utakuwa Myahudi tu kwa nje. Tohara halisi si ile ya nje ya mwili tu. 29 Myahudi halisi ni yule aliye Myahudi kwa ndani. Tohara halisi inafanywa moyoni. Ni kitu kinachofanywa na Roho, na hakifanyiki ili kufuata sheria iliyoandikwa. Na yeyote aliyetahiriwa moyoni kwa Roho hupata sifa kutoka kwa Mungu, siyo kutoka kwa watu.

Footnotes

  1. 2:5 Tazama Rum 1:18; 2:1.
  2. 2:14 Wanapotenda kama sheria inavyoamuru Au “… hawana sheria. Lakini wanapotenda yale yanayoamriwa na sheria kwa kufuata utashi wa asili …”.
  3. 2:24 Isa 52:5. Tazama pia Eze 36:20-23.

上帝公義的審判

因此,你這論斷人的啊,不管你是誰,都難逃罪責。你在什麼事上論斷別人,就在什麼事上定了自己的罪,因為你論斷別人的事,自己也在做。 我們都知道,上帝必按真理審判做這些事的人。 你這人啊,你論斷別人,自己卻做同樣的事,你以為自己能逃脫上帝的審判嗎? 還是你藐視祂深厚的慈愛、寬容和忍耐,不知道祂的慈愛是要引導你悔改嗎? 你這樣硬著心不肯悔改等於是為自己積蓄烈怒,上帝的烈怒在祂施行公義審判的那天必臨到你。 上帝必照各人的行為施行賞罰。 凡是恆心行善、尋求榮耀、尊貴和永恆福分的人,祂要把永生賜給他們; 至於那些自私自利、違背真理、行為不義的人,祂的烈怒和怒氣要降在他們身上。 一切作惡之人必受患難和痛苦,先是猶太人,然後是希臘人。 10 祂要將榮耀、尊貴和平安賜給一切行善的人,先是猶太人,然後是希臘人。 11 因為上帝不偏待人。

12 沒有上帝律法的人若犯罪,雖然不按律法受審判,仍要滅亡;有上帝律法的人若犯罪,必按律法受審判。 13 因為上帝眼中的義人不是聽到律法的人,而是遵行律法的人。 14 沒有律法的外族人若順著天性做合乎律法的事,他們雖然沒有律法,自己就是自己的律法。 15 這表明律法的要求刻在他們心裡,他們的良心也可以證明,因為他們的思想有時指控他們,有時為他們辯護。 16 按照我所傳的福音,到了審判之日,上帝要藉著耶穌基督審判人一切隱祕的事。

猶太人與律法

17 你自稱是猶太人,倚仗上帝所賜的律法,自誇與上帝有特別的關係; 18 你受過律法的教導,知道上帝的旨意,能明辨是非; 19 你自信可以做盲人的嚮導、黑暗中的人的光、 20 愚昧人的師傅、小孩子的老師,因為你從律法中得到了知識和真理。 21 那麼,你這教導別人的,為什麼不教導自己呢?你教導人不可偷盜,自己卻偷盜嗎? 22 你告訴他人不可通姦,自己卻通姦嗎?你憎惡偶像,自己卻去偷廟裡的東西嗎? 23 你以律法自誇,自己卻違犯律法羞辱上帝嗎? 24 正如聖經上說:「因你們的緣故,上帝的名在外族人中受到褻瀆!」

25 如果你遵行律法,割禮才有價值;如果你違犯律法,受了割禮也如同未受割禮。 26 如果未受割禮的人遵行律法的教導,他豈不算是受了割禮嗎? 27 身體未受割禮卻遵行律法的人,必審判你這有律法條文、受了割禮卻違犯律法的人。 28 因為徒具外表的猶太人不是真正的猶太人,身體上的割禮也不是真正的割禮。 29 唯有從心裡做猶太人的才是真猶太人,真割禮是藉著聖靈在心裡受的割禮,不在於律法條文。這樣的人得到的稱讚不是從人來的,而是從上帝來的。

God’s Righteous Judgment

You, therefore, have no excuse,(A) you who pass judgment on someone else, for at whatever point you judge another, you are condemning yourself, because you who pass judgment do the same things.(B) Now we know that God’s judgment against those who do such things is based on truth. So when you, a mere human being, pass judgment on them and yet do the same things, do you think you will escape God’s judgment? Or do you show contempt for the riches(C) of his kindness,(D) forbearance(E) and patience,(F) not realizing that God’s kindness is intended to lead you to repentance?(G)

But because of your stubbornness and your unrepentant heart, you are storing up wrath against yourself for the day of God’s wrath(H), when his righteous judgment(I) will be revealed. God “will repay each person according to what they have done.”[a](J) To those who by persistence in doing good seek glory, honor(K) and immortality,(L) he will give eternal life.(M) But for those who are self-seeking and who reject the truth and follow evil,(N) there will be wrath and anger.(O) There will be trouble and distress for every human being who does evil:(P) first for the Jew, then for the Gentile;(Q) 10 but glory, honor and peace for everyone who does good: first for the Jew, then for the Gentile.(R) 11 For God does not show favoritism.(S)

12 All who sin apart from the law will also perish apart from the law, and all who sin under the law(T) will be judged by the law. 13 For it is not those who hear the law who are righteous in God’s sight, but it is those who obey(U) the law who will be declared righteous. 14 (Indeed, when Gentiles, who do not have the law, do by nature things required by the law,(V) they are a law for themselves, even though they do not have the law. 15 They show that the requirements of the law are written on their hearts, their consciences also bearing witness, and their thoughts sometimes accusing them and at other times even defending them.) 16 This will take place on the day when God judges people’s secrets(W) through Jesus Christ,(X) as my gospel(Y) declares.

The Jews and the Law

17 Now you, if you call yourself a Jew; if you rely on the law and boast in God;(Z) 18 if you know his will and approve of what is superior because you are instructed by the law; 19 if you are convinced that you are a guide for the blind, a light for those who are in the dark, 20 an instructor of the foolish, a teacher of little children, because you have in the law the embodiment of knowledge and truth— 21 you, then, who teach others, do you not teach yourself? You who preach against stealing, do you steal?(AA) 22 You who say that people should not commit adultery, do you commit adultery? You who abhor idols, do you rob temples?(AB) 23 You who boast in the law,(AC) do you dishonor God by breaking the law? 24 As it is written: “God’s name is blasphemed among the Gentiles because of you.”[b](AD)

25 Circumcision has value if you observe the law,(AE) but if you break the law, you have become as though you had not been circumcised.(AF) 26 So then, if those who are not circumcised keep the law’s requirements,(AG) will they not be regarded as though they were circumcised?(AH) 27 The one who is not circumcised physically and yet obeys the law will condemn you(AI) who, even though you have the[c] written code and circumcision, are a lawbreaker.

28 A person is not a Jew who is one only outwardly,(AJ) nor is circumcision merely outward and physical.(AK) 29 No, a person is a Jew who is one inwardly; and circumcision is circumcision of the heart,(AL) by the Spirit,(AM) not by the written code.(AN) Such a person’s praise is not from other people, but from God.(AO)

Footnotes

  1. Romans 2:6 Psalm 62:12; Prov. 24:12
  2. Romans 2:24 Isaiah 52:5 (see Septuagint); Ezek. 36:20,22
  3. Romans 2:27 Or who, by means of a

Therefore thou art inexcusable, O man, whosoever thou art that judgest: for wherein thou judgest another, thou condemnest thyself; for thou that judgest doest the same things.

But we are sure that the judgment of God is according to truth against them which commit such things.

And thinkest thou this, O man, that judgest them which do such things, and doest the same, that thou shalt escape the judgment of God?

Or despisest thou the riches of his goodness and forbearance and longsuffering; not knowing that the goodness of God leadeth thee to repentance?

But after thy hardness and impenitent heart treasurest up unto thyself wrath against the day of wrath and revelation of the righteous judgment of God;

Who will render to every man according to his deeds:

To them who by patient continuance in well doing seek for glory and honour and immortality, eternal life:

But unto them that are contentious, and do not obey the truth, but obey unrighteousness, indignation and wrath,

Tribulation and anguish, upon every soul of man that doeth evil, of the Jew first, and also of the Gentile;

10 But glory, honour, and peace, to every man that worketh good, to the Jew first, and also to the Gentile:

11 For there is no respect of persons with God.

12 For as many as have sinned without law shall also perish without law: and as many as have sinned in the law shall be judged by the law;

13 (For not the hearers of the law are just before God, but the doers of the law shall be justified.

14 For when the Gentiles, which have not the law, do by nature the things contained in the law, these, having not the law, are a law unto themselves:

15 Which shew the work of the law written in their hearts, their conscience also bearing witness, and their thoughts the mean while accusing or else excusing one another;)

16 In the day when God shall judge the secrets of men by Jesus Christ according to my gospel.

17 Behold, thou art called a Jew, and restest in the law, and makest thy boast of God,

18 And knowest his will, and approvest the things that are more excellent, being instructed out of the law;

19 And art confident that thou thyself art a guide of the blind, a light of them which are in darkness,

20 An instructor of the foolish, a teacher of babes, which hast the form of knowledge and of the truth in the law.

21 Thou therefore which teachest another, teachest thou not thyself? thou that preachest a man should not steal, dost thou steal?

22 Thou that sayest a man should not commit adultery, dost thou commit adultery? thou that abhorrest idols, dost thou commit sacrilege?

23 Thou that makest thy boast of the law, through breaking the law dishonourest thou God?

24 For the name of God is blasphemed among the Gentiles through you, as it is written.

25 For circumcision verily profiteth, if thou keep the law: but if thou be a breaker of the law, thy circumcision is made uncircumcision.

26 Therefore if the uncircumcision keep the righteousness of the law, shall not his uncircumcision be counted for circumcision?

27 And shall not uncircumcision which is by nature, if it fulfil the law, judge thee, who by the letter and circumcision dost transgress the law?

28 For he is not a Jew, which is one outwardly; neither is that circumcision, which is outward in the flesh:

29 But he is a Jew, which is one inwardly; and circumcision is that of the heart, in the spirit, and not in the letter; whose praise is not of men, but of God.