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Abraham i Dawid a usprawiedliwienie z wiary

Moglibyśmy zapytać: Co zatem osiągnął Abraham, nasz praojciec według ciała? Jeśli Abraham został usprawiedliwiony dzięki uczynkom, to ma powód do chluby. Jednak nie tak było między Bogiem a nim. Bo co czytamy w Piśmie? Abraham uwierzył Bogu i to mu uznano za sprawiedliwość.

Jeśli ktoś pracuje, nikt mu wynagrodzenia nie poczytuje za łaskę. Ono mu się należy. Kto jednak nie pracuje, lecz wierzy Temu, który usprawiedliwia bezbożnego, temu wiarę uznaje się za sprawiedliwość. Tak też Dawid opisuje szczęście człowieka, któremu Bóg przypisuje sprawiedliwość niezależnie od uczynków:

Szczęśliwi ci, którym przebaczono nieprawości
i których grzechy zakryto;

Szczęśliwy człowiek, któremu Pan
nie przypisze grzechu.

Czy to szczęście ma być udziałem tylko obrzezanych? Co z nieobrzezanymi? Przyjrzyjmy się temu. Kiedy czytamy, że wiarę uznano Abrahamowi za sprawiedliwość, 10 to pojawia się pytanie, w jakich okolicznościach się to dokonało? Czy był on wówczas obrzezany, czy nie? Otóż nie był obrzezany. Był nieobrzezany.

11 Znak obrzezania otrzymał jako pieczęć usprawiedliwiającej wiary — tej wiary, którą miał przed obrzezaniem. W ten sposób stał się on ojcem wszystkich wierzących: nieobrzezanych, aby im również wiarę uznano za sprawiedliwość, 12 i obrzezanych, tych jednak, którzy, obok obrzezania, wstępują również na drogę wiary naszego ojca Abrahama — wiary, którą miał jeszcze przed obrzezaniem.

13 Zauważmy, że to nie za pośrednictwem Prawa Abraham i jego nasienie otrzymał obietnicę, że będzie dziedzicem świata. Stało się to za pośrednictwem usprawiedliwiającej wiary. 14 Jeśli dziedzicami są ci, którzy trzymają się Prawa, to wiara traci znaczenie, a obietnica swą treść. 15 Prawo bowiem sprowadza gniew, a tam, gdzie nie ma Prawa, nie ma wykroczenia.

16 Obietnica natomiast dlatego została uwarunkowana wiarą, aby udział w niej był sprawą łaski. Została także dana w taki sposób po to, aby dotyczyła wszystkich skupionych w nasieniu, czyli nie tylko tych, którzy trzymają się Prawa, ale i tych, którzy podążają śladami wiary Abrahama, ojca nas wszystkich, 17 zgodnie ze słowami: Ustanowiłem cię ojcem wielu narodów. Czynią to natomiast przed obliczem Tego, któremu on uwierzył — Boga, który ożywia umarłych i to, czego nie ma, powołuje do bytu.[a]

18 Abraham, wbrew beznadziei, mając nadzieję uwierzył, aby stać się ojcem wielu narodów, zgodnie z zapowiedzią: Takie będzie twoje nasienie. 19 I nie cofnął się w wierze, choć miał świadomość, że jego ciało, jako około stuletniego mężczyzny, jest już martwe dla rozrodczości, podobnie jak martwe jest łono Sary.

20 Nie zwątpił on w niewierze w obietnicę Boga. Przeciwnie, wzmocniony wiarą oddał chwałę Bogu. 21 Był przy tym w pełni przekonany, że to, co Bóg obiecał, ma moc również spełnić. 22 Właśnie dlatego uznano mu to za sprawiedliwość. 23 Nie czytamy przy tym, że uznano mu tylko ze względu na niego. 24 Stało się to również ze względu na nas. Nam ma to być uznane, wierzącym w Tego, który wzbudził z martwych Jezusa, naszego Pana, 25 wydanego za nasze upadki i wzbudzonego dla naszego usprawiedliwienia.

Footnotes

  1. Rzymian 4:17 Lub: i to, co nie istnieje, powołuje tak, jak gdyby istniało.

Abraham Justified by Faith(A)

What then shall we say that (B)Abraham our (C)father[a] has found according to the flesh? For if Abraham was (D)justified by works, he has something to boast about, but not before God. For what does the Scripture say? (E)“Abraham believed God, and it was [b]accounted to him for righteousness.” Now (F)to him who works, the wages are not counted [c]as grace but as debt.

David Celebrates the Same Truth

But to him who (G)does not work but believes on Him who justifies (H)the ungodly, his faith is accounted for righteousness, just as David also (I)describes the blessedness of the man to whom God imputes righteousness apart from works:

“Blessed(J) are those whose lawless deeds are forgiven,
And whose sins are covered;
Blessed is the man to whom the Lord shall not impute sin.”

Abraham Justified Before Circumcision

Does this blessedness then come upon the circumcised only, or upon the uncircumcised also? For we say that faith was accounted to Abraham for righteousness. 10 How then was it accounted? While he was circumcised, or uncircumcised? Not while circumcised, but while uncircumcised. 11 And (K)he received the sign of circumcision, a seal of the righteousness of the faith which he had while still uncircumcised, that (L)he might be the father of all those who believe, though they are uncircumcised, that righteousness might be imputed to them also, 12 and the father of circumcision to those who not only are of the circumcision, but who also walk in the steps of the faith which our father (M)Abraham had while still uncircumcised.

The Promise Granted Through Faith

13 For the promise that he would be the (N)heir of the world was not to Abraham or to his seed through the law, but through the righteousness of faith. 14 For (O)if those who are of the law are heirs, faith is made void and the promise made of no effect, 15 because (P)the law brings about wrath; for where there is no law there is no transgression.

16 Therefore it is of faith that it might be (Q)according to grace, (R)so that the promise might be [d]sure to all the seed, not only to those who are of the law, but also to those who are of the faith of Abraham, (S)who is the father of us all 17 (as it is written, (T)“I have made you a father of many nations”) in the presence of Him whom he believed—God, (U)who gives life to the dead and calls those (V)things which do not exist as though they did; 18 who, contrary to hope, in hope believed, so that he became the father of many nations, according to what was spoken, (W)“So shall your descendants be.” 19 And not being weak in faith, (X)he did not consider his own body, already dead (since he was about a hundred years old), (Y)and the deadness of Sarah’s womb. 20 He did not waver at the promise of God through unbelief, but was strengthened in faith, giving glory to God, 21 and being fully convinced that what He had promised (Z)He was also able to perform. 22 And therefore (AA)“it was accounted to him for righteousness.”

23 Now (AB)it was not written for his sake alone that it was imputed to him, 24 but also for us. It shall be imputed to us who believe (AC)in Him who raised up Jesus our Lord from the dead, 25 (AD)who was delivered up because of our offenses, and (AE)was raised because of our justification.

Footnotes

  1. Romans 4:1 Or (fore)father according to the flesh has found?
  2. Romans 4:3 imputed, credited, reckoned, counted
  3. Romans 4:4 according to
  4. Romans 4:16 certain

What tis then oun shall we say legō that Abraham Abraam, · ho our hēmeis forefather propatōr according kata to the flesh sarx, has discovered heuriskō about this? For gar if ei Abraham Abraam was justified dikaioō by ek works ergon, he has echō something to boast kauchēma about ( but alla not ou before pros God theos). For gar what tis does the ho scripture graphē say legō? “ And de Abraham Abraam believed pisteuō · ho God theos, and kai it was credited logizomai to him autos as eis righteousness dikaiosynē.” Now de to the ho one who works ergazomai, his ho wages misthos are not ou credited logizomai as kata a gift charis, but alla as kata an obligation opheilēma. But de to the ho one who does not work ergazomai, but de entrusts pisteuō himself to epi the ho one who justifies dikaioō the ho ungodly asebēs, his autos faith pistis is credited logizomai · ho as eis righteousness dikaiosynē. So kathaper also kai David Dauid speaks legō of the ho blessedness makarismos of the ho one anthrōpos to whom hos · ho God theos credits logizomai righteousness dikaiosynē apart chōris from works ergon: Blessed makarios are those whose hos lawless deeds anomia are forgiven aphiēmi, · ho and kai whose hos sins hamartia are covered epikalyptō. · ho Blessed makarios is the man anēr whose hos sin hamartia the Lord kyrios will not ou mē take logizomai into account .” · ho Therefore oun, is this houtos blessedness makarismos for epi the ho circumcised peritomē alone, or ē is it also kai for epi the ho uncircumcised akrobystia? For gar we say legō, “It was to ho Abraham Abraam that ho faith pistis was credited logizomai as eis righteousness dikaiosynē.” 10 How pōs then oun was it credited logizomai to him? Was it after en he was eimi circumcised peritomē or ē before en akrobystia? It was not ou after en his circumcision peritomē but alla before en akrobystia. 11 · kai He received lambanō the sign sēmeion of circumcision peritomē as a seal sphragis of the ho righteousness dikaiosynē that he had by ho faith pistis · ho while he was still en · ho uncircumcised akrobystia, so eis that he autos would be eimi the father patēr of all pas who ho believe pisteuō but have never been circumcised dia, that eis they too kai might have righteousness dikaiosynē credited logizomai to them autos. · ho 12 He is also kai the father patēr of the circumcised peritomē who ho are not ou merely monon circumcised peritomē but alla also kai · ho walk stoicheō in the ho footsteps ichnos of the ho faith pistis that · ho our hēmeis father patēr Abraham Abraam had while he was still en uncircumcised akrobystia.

13 For gar the ho promise epangelia that he autos would be eimi heir klēronomos of kosmos the world kosmos did not ou come to ho Abraham Abraam or ē to ho his autos descendants sperma through dia the law nomos, · ho but alla through dia the righteousness dikaiosynē of faith pistis. 14 For gar if ei the ho heirs klēronomos are those who follow ek the law nomos, then faith pistis is meaningless kenoō · ho and kai the ho promise epangelia is void katargeō. 15 For gar the ho Law nomos brings about katergazomai wrath orgē, but de where hou there is eimi no ou law nomos, there can be no oude violation parabasis. 16 For dia this houtos reason the ho promise epangelia is based ek on faith pistis, that hina it may depend kata on grace charis and so eis that it may be eimi made certain bebaios to all pas his ho descendants sperma, not ou only monon to those ho who are under ek the ho law nomos, but alla also kai to those ho who share ek the faith pistis of Abraham Abraam, who hos is eimi the father patēr of us hēmeis all pas. 17 As kathōs it is written graphō, “ I have made tithēmi you sy the father patēr of many polys nations ethnos.” He is our father, in the presence katenanti of God theos in pisteuō whom hos he believed pisteuō, the ho God who gives zōiopoieō life to the ho dead nekros and kai calls kaleō into hōs being eimi the ho things that do not exist eimi. 18 Hoping elpis against epi hope elpis, Abraham hos believed pisteuō that eis he autos would become ginomai the father patēr of many polys nations ethnos according kata to what ho had been spoken legō, “ So houtōs will your sy descendants sperma be eimi.” · ho 19 · kai Not being weak astheneō in ho faith pistis, he considered katanoeō · ho his heautou own body sōma as dead nekroō ( since he was hyparchō about pou a hundred hekatontaetēs years old ), and kai the ho barrenness nekrōsis of ho Sarah’ s Sarra womb mētra. 20 He did diakrinō not ou waver diakrinō in ho unbelief apistia regarding eis · de the ho promise epangelia of ho God theos but alla was strengthened endynamoō in ho faith pistis, giving didōmi glory doxa to ho God theos, 21 · kai fully plērophoreō convinced that hoti what hos God had promised epangellomai, he was eimi also kai able dynatos to do poieō. 22 That dio is why · kai his faith was credited logizomai to him autos as eis righteousness dikaiosynē. 23 But de the statement, “ it was credited logizomai to him autos,” was not ou written graphō for dia his autos sake alone monon, 24 but alla for dia our hēmeis sake dia as kai well , to whom hos it will mellō be credited logizomai, those ho who believe pisteuō in epi the ho one who raised egeirō Jesus Iēsous · ho our hēmeis Lord kyrios from ek the dead nekros, 25 who hos was delivered paradidōmi over to death for dia · ho our hēmeis transgressions paraptōma and kai raised egeirō for dia · ho our hēmeis justification dikaiōsis.

What shall we say then that Abraham our father, as pertaining to the flesh, hath found?

For if Abraham were justified by works, he hath whereof to glory; but not before God.

For what saith the scripture? Abraham believed God, and it was counted unto him for righteousness.

Now to him that worketh is the reward not reckoned of grace, but of debt.

But to him that worketh not, but believeth on him that justifieth the ungodly, his faith is counted for righteousness.

Even as David also describeth the blessedness of the man, unto whom God imputeth righteousness without works,

Saying, Blessed are they whose iniquities are forgiven, and whose sins are covered.

Blessed is the man to whom the Lord will not impute sin.

Cometh this blessedness then upon the circumcision only, or upon the uncircumcision also? for we say that faith was reckoned to Abraham for righteousness.

10 How was it then reckoned? when he was in circumcision, or in uncircumcision? Not in circumcision, but in uncircumcision.

11 And he received the sign of circumcision, a seal of the righteousness of the faith which he had yet being uncircumcised: that he might be the father of all them that believe, though they be not circumcised; that righteousness might be imputed unto them also:

12 And the father of circumcision to them who are not of the circumcision only, but who also walk in the steps of that faith of our father Abraham, which he had being yet uncircumcised.

13 For the promise, that he should be the heir of the world, was not to Abraham, or to his seed, through the law, but through the righteousness of faith.

14 For if they which are of the law be heirs, faith is made void, and the promise made of none effect:

15 Because the law worketh wrath: for where no law is, there is no transgression.

16 Therefore it is of faith, that it might be by grace; to the end the promise might be sure to all the seed; not to that only which is of the law, but to that also which is of the faith of Abraham; who is the father of us all,

17 (As it is written, I have made thee a father of many nations,) before him whom he believed, even God, who quickeneth the dead, and calleth those things which be not as though they were.

18 Who against hope believed in hope, that he might become the father of many nations, according to that which was spoken, So shall thy seed be.

19 And being not weak in faith, he considered not his own body now dead, when he was about an hundred years old, neither yet the deadness of Sarah's womb:

20 He staggered not at the promise of God through unbelief; but was strong in faith, giving glory to God;

21 And being fully persuaded that, what he had promised, he was able also to perform.

22 And therefore it was imputed to him for righteousness.

23 Now it was not written for his sake alone, that it was imputed to him;

24 But for us also, to whom it shall be imputed, if we believe on him that raised up Jesus our Lord from the dead;

25 Who was delivered for our offences, and was raised again for our justification.