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Abraham som et forbillede på tro

Hvordan blev så Abraham, vores stamfar, accepteret af Gud? Hvis det var på grund af hans gode gerninger, så ville han have haft noget at rose sig af, dog ikke over for Gud. Men nu siger Skriften: „Abraham troede på Gud, og derfor blev han accepteret.”[a]

Løn er noget, man får udbetalt, fordi man har gjort sig fortjent til det ved at udføre et stykke arbejde—det er ikke en gave. Men man kan ikke arbejde sig frem til en fortjeneste hos Gud. Man må tro på ham, for han erklærer syndere skyldfri på grundlag af deres tro. I Skriften har David også omtalt den lykke, det er at blive accepteret af Gud, uden at man har gjort sig fortjent til det ved selv at præstere noget. Hør blot, hvad han sagde:

„Lykkelige er de, hvis forseelser er tilgivet,
    hvis synderegister er slettet ud.
Lykkelige er de mennesker,
    som Herren ikke tilregner skyld.”[b]

Gælder den lykke kun de omskårne, altså jøderne? Nej, den gælder også de uomskårne. Vi sagde jo lige, at Abraham blev accepteret af Gud, fordi han havde tro, 10 og det skete, før han blev omskåret. 11 Omskærelsen fik han bagefter som et konkret tegn på, at han allerede var accepteret af Gud på grund af sin tro. På den måde blev han „troens far” og dermed også far til alle de uomskårne, som senere ville blive accepteret af Gud på grund af deres tro. 12 Han er samtidig far til alle de omskårne, hvis de vel at mærke følger det eksempel på tro, som Abraham viste os, før han blev omskåret.

13 Abraham fik et løfte om, at hans efterkommere skulle få herredømmet over jorden, men det var ikke som en belønning for hans evne til at overholde loven. Det var, fordi han allerede var accepteret af Gud på grund af sin tro. 14 Hvis det kunne opnås som belønning for at overholde loven, ville det være unødvendigt at tro, og der ville heller ikke være brug for løftet som en gave fra Gud. 15 Hvor der er en lov, vil overtrædelse af loven medføre straf. Men løftet til Abraham byggede ikke på nogen lov, og derfor er der heller ingen lovovertrædelse, som kan forhindre løftets opfyldelse.

16 Det hele bygger altså på tro, og dermed bliver opfyldelsen af løftet en gave. På den måde er der heller ingen tvivl om, at løftet virkelig bliver opfyldt. Og løftet gælder ikke kun for dem, som lever under de love, som Moses modtog, men for alle, som regnes for Abrahams børn, fordi de har den samme tillid til Gud, som han havde. På den måde er Abraham blevet far til alle os, som tror. 17 Der står jo i Skriften, at Gud sagde til ham: „Du skal blive far til mange folkeslag.”[c] Abraham havde tillid til Gud, der giver nyt liv til det, som er dødt, og omtaler det, der endnu ikke findes, som om det allerede fandtes. 18-19 Gud havde nemlig lovet Abraham, at han skulle få en søn, og at hans efterkommere skulle blive talrige som sandet og stjernerne. Men det så totalt håbløst ud, for hans kone, Sara, var gammel og havde aldrig kunnet få børn, og han selv var næsten 100 år. Alligevel holdt Abraham fast på håbet i tro, og hans tro blev ikke ødelagt af, at det så umuligt ud. 20 Han vaklede ikke i vantro, men blev styrket i troen på, at Gud nok skulle holde sit løfte, og derfor lovpriste han Gud. 21 Han var overbevist om, at hvad Gud har lovet, har han også magt til at gøre.

22 Det var på grund af den tro, at Gud accepterede ham, 23 som Skriften siger. Men det med at blive accepteret af Gud på grundlag af tro gælder ikke kun Abraham. 24 Det gælder lige så meget for os, at vi bliver accepteret af Gud på grund af vores tro på ham, som oprejste Jesus, vores Herre, fra de døde. 25 Jesus blev slået ihjel for at tage straffen for vores synder, og han blev oprejst fra de døde, for at vi kunne blive frikendt og få nyt liv.

亚伯拉罕之例

那么,关于我们的祖先亚伯拉罕,我们该说什么呢?关于信仰,他发现了什么呢? 假如亚伯拉罕凭他的行为得到上帝的认可,那么,他就有理由骄傲了,但是他却不能在上帝面前骄傲。 《经》上是怎么说的呢?“亚伯拉罕相信了上帝,因为他相信了,上帝像接受一位行为正直的人一样接受了他。”

给工作的人付工资,不是出于恩典给他的,而是出于义务。 如果一个人没有做任何工作,但他却信任让人改邪归正的上帝, 那么上帝就会接受他的信仰,并得到上帝的认可。 同样,大卫也说过同样的话,他说到如果一个人,上帝不计较他的行为而得到他的认可的人,他是有福的。他说:

“不法行为被宽恕的人,是有福的,
罪被遮盖的人,是有福的,
主不把他的罪过记在账上的人,是有福的。”

那么,这种祝福只施给那些受过割礼的人吗?或者也会施给那些未受过割礼的人吗?(是的,它也会降临在未受割礼的人的身上的)我们说过,亚伯拉罕因为他的信仰得到了上帝的认可。 10 这是在什么情况下发生的呢?是在他受割礼之前,还是在他受割礼之后呢?是在之前,而不是在之后。 11 他后来接受了割礼,他的割礼只是一个标记,表明在他受割礼之前,已由于信仰得到了上帝的认可。所以,亚伯拉罕是所有相信、但没有受割礼的人的祖先。这些人,得到了上帝的认可。 12 亚伯拉罕也是那些受到割礼的人之父,割礼并没有使他成为他们的父亲,而是靠信仰生活,亚伯拉罕才成为他们之父,亚伯拉罕受割礼之前已有了这信仰。

凭信仰得到上帝的许诺

13 亚伯拉罕和他的后代得到许诺,他们将会得到整个世界。亚伯拉罕得到这许诺,不是由于他服从了律法,而是因为通过他的信仰得到了上帝的认可。 14 如果通过守法就能得到上帝的许诺,那么信仰就毫无价值了,上帝对亚伯拉罕的许诺也就一钱不值了, 15 因为律法只能导致上帝对那些违法人的愤怒。如果没有律法,也就不会出现违背的事情了。

16 所以,由于信仰,人们得到上帝的许诺,因此这许诺是无偿的馈赠)。既然这许诺是无偿的,那么所有的亚伯拉罕的子民都能得到它。这许诺不仅仅是给予那些生活在摩西律法之下的人们,也是给予那些像亚伯拉罕那样靠信仰生活的人。亚伯拉罕是我们所有人的祖先, 17 正如《经》上所说∶“我使你成为众多民族的祖先。” [a]在上帝眼里,亚伯拉罕是我们的祖先,他信仰的上帝,既让死人复活、从无创造了万物的上帝。

18 亚伯拉罕没有指望有孩子,但他仍然相信上帝,继续心怀希望,为此他成为众多民族的祖先。正如上帝对他所说的那样∶“你的后代将多如天上的繁星。” [b] 19 亚伯拉罕将近一百岁了,他的肉体也行将就木,撒拉也不能再生育了,但是,亚伯拉罕的信仰却丝毫没有削弱, 20 他对于上帝会履行许诺毫不怀疑,他从未停止过相信上帝。他对上帝的信仰反而更加坚定,并把荣耀归于上帝。 21 他完全相信上帝能够实现他的诺言, 22 所以,这是为什么∶“他被接受,因为他仿佛做了正义的事。” [c] 23 这些话“他被接受,”不仅仅是针对亚伯拉罕所说的。 24 这些话也是针对我们而说的,因为我们相信,所以上帝也会接受我们。我们信仰使耶稣—我们的主,从死里复活的上帝。 25 为我们的罪恶,耶稣被交给了死亡,然后又让他从死里复活,为的是让我们得到上帝的认可。

Footnotes

  1. 羅 馬 書 4:17 引自《创世记》17:5
  2. 羅 馬 書 4:18 引自《创世记》17:5
  3. 羅 馬 書 4:22 引自《创世记》17:6

Abraham Justified by Faith

What then shall we say(A) that Abraham, our forefather according to the flesh,(B) discovered in this matter? If, in fact, Abraham was justified by works, he had something to boast about—but not before God.(C) What does Scripture say? “Abraham believed God, and it was credited to him as righteousness.”[a](D)

Now to the one who works, wages are not credited as a gift(E) but as an obligation. However, to the one who does not work but trusts God who justifies the ungodly, their faith is credited as righteousness.(F) David says the same thing when he speaks of the blessedness of the one to whom God credits righteousness apart from works:

“Blessed are those
    whose transgressions are forgiven,
    whose sins are covered.
Blessed is the one
    whose sin the Lord will never count against them.”[b](G)

Is this blessedness only for the circumcised, or also for the uncircumcised?(H) We have been saying that Abraham’s faith was credited to him as righteousness.(I) 10 Under what circumstances was it credited? Was it after he was circumcised, or before? It was not after, but before! 11 And he received circumcision as a sign, a seal of the righteousness that he had by faith while he was still uncircumcised.(J) So then, he is the father(K) of all who believe(L) but have not been circumcised, in order that righteousness might be credited to them. 12 And he is then also the father of the circumcised who not only are circumcised but who also follow in the footsteps of the faith that our father Abraham had before he was circumcised.

13 It was not through the law that Abraham and his offspring received the promise(M) that he would be heir of the world,(N) but through the righteousness that comes by faith.(O) 14 For if those who depend on the law are heirs, faith means nothing and the promise is worthless,(P) 15 because the law brings wrath.(Q) And where there is no law there is no transgression.(R)

16 Therefore, the promise comes by faith, so that it may be by grace(S) and may be guaranteed(T) to all Abraham’s offspring—not only to those who are of the law but also to those who have the faith of Abraham. He is the father of us all.(U) 17 As it is written: “I have made you a father of many nations.”[c](V) He is our father in the sight of God, in whom he believed—the God who gives life(W) to the dead and calls(X) into being things that were not.(Y)

18 Against all hope, Abraham in hope believed and so became the father of many nations,(Z) just as it had been said to him, “So shall your offspring be.”[d](AA) 19 Without weakening in his faith, he faced the fact that his body was as good as dead(AB)—since he was about a hundred years old(AC)—and that Sarah’s womb was also dead.(AD) 20 Yet he did not waver through unbelief regarding the promise of God, but was strengthened(AE) in his faith and gave glory to God,(AF) 21 being fully persuaded that God had power to do what he had promised.(AG) 22 This is why “it was credited to him as righteousness.”(AH) 23 The words “it was credited to him” were written not for him alone, 24 but also for us,(AI) to whom God will credit righteousness—for us who believe in him(AJ) who raised Jesus our Lord from the dead.(AK) 25 He was delivered over to death for our sins(AL) and was raised to life for our justification.(AM)

Footnotes

  1. Romans 4:3 Gen. 15:6; also in verse 22
  2. Romans 4:8 Psalm 32:1,2
  3. Romans 4:17 Gen. 17:5
  4. Romans 4:18 Gen. 15:5

Abraham Justified by Faith(A)

What then shall we say that (B)Abraham our (C)father[a] has found according to the flesh? For if Abraham was (D)justified by works, he has something to boast about, but not before God. For what does the Scripture say? (E)“Abraham believed God, and it was [b]accounted to him for righteousness.” Now (F)to him who works, the wages are not counted [c]as grace but as debt.

David Celebrates the Same Truth

But to him who (G)does not work but believes on Him who justifies (H)the ungodly, his faith is accounted for righteousness, just as David also (I)describes the blessedness of the man to whom God imputes righteousness apart from works:

“Blessed(J) are those whose lawless deeds are forgiven,
And whose sins are covered;
Blessed is the man to whom the Lord shall not impute sin.”

Abraham Justified Before Circumcision

Does this blessedness then come upon the circumcised only, or upon the uncircumcised also? For we say that faith was accounted to Abraham for righteousness. 10 How then was it accounted? While he was circumcised, or uncircumcised? Not while circumcised, but while uncircumcised. 11 And (K)he received the sign of circumcision, a seal of the righteousness of the faith which he had while still uncircumcised, that (L)he might be the father of all those who believe, though they are uncircumcised, that righteousness might be imputed to them also, 12 and the father of circumcision to those who not only are of the circumcision, but who also walk in the steps of the faith which our father (M)Abraham had while still uncircumcised.

The Promise Granted Through Faith

13 For the promise that he would be the (N)heir of the world was not to Abraham or to his seed through the law, but through the righteousness of faith. 14 For (O)if those who are of the law are heirs, faith is made void and the promise made of no effect, 15 because (P)the law brings about wrath; for where there is no law there is no transgression.

16 Therefore it is of faith that it might be (Q)according to grace, (R)so that the promise might be [d]sure to all the seed, not only to those who are of the law, but also to those who are of the faith of Abraham, (S)who is the father of us all 17 (as it is written, (T)“I have made you a father of many nations”) in the presence of Him whom he believed—God, (U)who gives life to the dead and calls those (V)things which do not exist as though they did; 18 who, contrary to hope, in hope believed, so that he became the father of many nations, according to what was spoken, (W)“So shall your descendants be.” 19 And not being weak in faith, (X)he did not consider his own body, already dead (since he was about a hundred years old), (Y)and the deadness of Sarah’s womb. 20 He did not waver at the promise of God through unbelief, but was strengthened in faith, giving glory to God, 21 and being fully convinced that what He had promised (Z)He was also able to perform. 22 And therefore (AA)“it was accounted to him for righteousness.”

23 Now (AB)it was not written for his sake alone that it was imputed to him, 24 but also for us. It shall be imputed to us who believe (AC)in Him who raised up Jesus our Lord from the dead, 25 (AD)who was delivered up because of our offenses, and (AE)was raised because of our justification.

Footnotes

  1. Romans 4:1 Or (fore)father according to the flesh has found?
  2. Romans 4:3 imputed, credited, reckoned, counted
  3. Romans 4:4 according to
  4. Romans 4:16 certain