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Deep Concern for Israel

(A)I am telling the truth in Christ, I am not lying; my conscience testifies with me in the Holy Spirit, that I have great sorrow and unceasing grief in my heart. For (B)I could [a]wish that I myself were (C)accursed, separated from Christ for the sake of my countrymen, my kinsmen (D)according to the flesh, who are (E)Israelites, to whom belongs (F)the adoption as sons and daughters, (G)the glory, (H)the covenants, (I)the giving of the Law, (J)the temple service, and (K)the promises; whose are (L)the fathers, and (M)from whom is the [b]Christ according to the flesh, (N)who is over all, (O)God (P)blessed [c]forever. Amen.

But it is not as though (Q)the word of God has failed. (R)For they are not all Israel who are descended from Israel; nor are they all children (S)because they are Abraham’s [d](T)descendants, but: “[e](U)through Isaac your [f]descendants shall be named.” That is, it is not the children of the flesh [g]who are (V)children of God, but the (W)children of the promise are regarded as [h](X)descendants. For this is the word of promise: “(Y)At this time I will come, and Sarah will have a son.” 10 (Z)And not only that, but there was also (AA)Rebekah, when she had conceived twins by one man, our father Isaac; 11 for though the twins were not yet born and had not done anything good or bad, so that (AB)God’s purpose according to His choice would [i]stand, not [j]because of works but [k]because of Him who calls, 12 it was said to her, “(AC)The older will serve the younger.” 13 Just as it is written: “(AD)Jacob I have loved, but Esau I have hated.”

14 (AE)What shall we say then? (AF)There is no injustice with God, is there? [l](AG)Far from it! 15 For He says to Moses, “(AH)I will have mercy on whomever I have mercy, and I will show compassion to whomever I show compassion.” 16 So then, it does not depend on the person who [m]wants it nor the one who [n](AI)runs, but on (AJ)God who has mercy. 17 For the Scripture says to Pharaoh, “(AK)For this very reason I raised you up, in order to demonstrate My power in you, and that My name might be proclaimed [o]throughout the earth.” 18 So then He has mercy on whom He desires, and He (AL)hardens whom He desires.

19 (AM)You will say to me then, “(AN)Why does He still find fault? For (AO)who has resisted His will?” 20 On the contrary, who are you, [p](AP)you foolish person, who (AQ)answers back to God? (AR)The thing molded will not say to the molder, “Why did you make me like this,” will it? 21 Or does the potter not have a right over the clay, to make from the same lump one object [q]for honorable use, and another [r]for common use? 22 [s]What if God, although willing to demonstrate His wrath and to make His power known, endured with great (AS)patience objects of wrath (AT)prepared for destruction? 23 And He did so to make known (AU)the riches of His glory upon (AV)objects of mercy, which He (AW)prepared beforehand for glory, 24 namely us, whom He also (AX)called, (AY)not only from among Jews, but also from among Gentiles, 25 as He also says in Hosea:

(AZ)I will call those who were not My people, ‘My people,’
And her who was not beloved, ‘beloved.’”
26 (BA)And it shall be that in the place where it was said to them, ‘you are not My people,’
There they shall be called sons of (BB)the living God.”

27 Isaiah cries out concerning Israel, “(BC)Though the number of the sons of Israel may be (BD)like the sand of the sea, only (BE)the remnant will be saved; 28 (BF)for the Lord will execute His word on the earth, [t]thoroughly and [u]quickly.” 29 And just as Isaiah foretold:

(BG)If (BH)the Lord [v]of armies had not left us [w](BI)descendants,
(BJ)We would have become like Sodom, and would have [x]been like Gomorrah.”

30 (BK)What shall we say then? That Gentiles, who did not pursue righteousness, attained righteousness, but (BL)the righteousness that is [y]by faith; 31 however, Israel, (BM)pursuing a law of righteousness, did not (BN)arrive at that law. 32 Why? Because they did not pursue it [z]by faith, but as though they could [aa]by works. They stumbled over (BO)the stumbling stone, 33 just as it is written:

(BP)Behold, I am laying in Zion (BQ)a stone of stumbling and a rock of offense,
(BR)And the one who believes in Him (BS)will not be [ab]put to shame.”

Footnotes

  1. Romans 9:3 Lit pray
  2. Romans 9:5 I.e., Messiah
  3. Romans 9:5 Lit unto the ages
  4. Romans 9:7 Lit seed
  5. Romans 9:7 Lit in
  6. Romans 9:7 Lit seed
  7. Romans 9:8 Lit these
  8. Romans 9:8 Lit seed
  9. Romans 9:11 Lit remain
  10. Romans 9:11 Lit from
  11. Romans 9:11 Lit from
  12. Romans 9:14 Lit May it never happen!
  13. Romans 9:16 Or wills nor
  14. Romans 9:16 I.e., to win mercy or favor
  15. Romans 9:17 Lit in all
  16. Romans 9:20 Lit O
  17. Romans 9:21 Lit for honor
  18. Romans 9:21 Lit for dishonor
  19. Romans 9:22 Lit But
  20. Romans 9:28 Lit finishing it
  21. Romans 9:28 Lit cutting it short
  22. Romans 9:29 Gr sabaoth, for Heb tsebaoth (armies)
  23. Romans 9:29 Lit seed
  24. Romans 9:29 Lit been made like
  25. Romans 9:30 Lit out of
  26. Romans 9:32 Lit out of
  27. Romans 9:32 Lit out of
  28. Romans 9:33 Or disappointed

 神揀選以色列人

我在基督裡說的是實話,並沒有撒謊,因為我的良心在聖靈裡一同為我作證; 我大大憂愁,心裡常常傷痛。 為我的同胞,就是我骨肉之親,就算自己受咒詛,與基督隔絕,我也甘心。 他們是以色列人:嗣子的名分、榮耀、眾約、律法、敬拜的禮儀和各樣的應許,都是他們的。 蒙揀選的列祖也是他們的祖宗;按肉身來說,基督也是出自他們這一族。其實,他是在萬有之上,永遠受稱頌的 神。阿們。

當然,這不是說 神的話落了空,因為出自以色列的,不都是以色列人; 也不因為他們是亞伯拉罕的後裔,就都成為他的兒女,只有“以撒生的,才可以稱為你的後裔”, 這就是說,肉身生的兒女並不是 神的兒女,只有憑著應許生的兒女才算是後裔。 因為所應許的話是這樣:“明年這個時候我要來,撒拉必定生一個兒子。” 10 不但如此,利百加也是這樣:既然從一個人,就是從我們的祖宗以撒懷了孕, 11 雙生子還沒有生下來,善惡也沒有行出來(為要堅定 神揀選人的旨意,不是由於行為,而是由於那呼召者), 12  神就對她說:“將來大的要服事小的。” 13 正如經上所記的:

“我愛雅各,

卻惡以掃。”

14 既是這樣,我們可以說甚麼呢? 神不公平嗎?絕對不會! 15 因為他對摩西說:

“我要憐憫誰,就憐憫誰;

我要恩待誰,就恩待誰。”

16 這樣看來,既不是出於人意,也不是由於人為(“人為”原文作“奔走”或“奔跑”),只在於那憐憫人的 神。 17 經上有話對法老說:“我把你興起來,是要藉著你顯出我的大能,並且使我的名傳遍全地。” 18 這樣看來,他願意憐憫誰就憐憫誰,願意誰剛硬就使誰剛硬。

 神顯出忿怒又施行憐憫

19 這樣,你會對我說:“那麼他為甚麼責怪人呢?有誰抗拒他的旨意呢?” 20 你這個人哪,你是誰,竟敢跟 神頂嘴呢?被造的怎麼可以對造他的說:“你為甚麼把我做成這個樣子呢?” 21 陶匠難道沒有權用同一團的泥,又做貴重的、又做卑賤的器皿嗎? 22 如果 神有意要顯明他的忿怒,彰顯他的大能,而多多容忍那可怒、預備遭毀滅的器皿, 23 為了要使他豐盛的榮耀,彰顯在那蒙恩、早已預備要得榮耀的器皿上,這又有甚麼不可呢? 24 這器皿就是我們這些不但從猶太人中,也從外族人中蒙召的人。 25 就如 神在何西阿書上說的:

“我要稱那不是我子民的為我的子民,

那不蒙愛的為蒙愛的;

26 從前在甚麼地方對他們說:

你們不是我的子民,

將來就在那裡稱他們為永活 神的兒子。”

27 以賽亞指著以色列人大聲說:“以色列子孫的數目雖然多如海沙,得救的不過是剩下的餘數; 28 因為主必在地上迅速而徹底地成就他的話。” 29 又如以賽亞早已說過的:

“如果不是萬軍之主給我們存留後裔,

我們早就像所多瑪

和蛾摩拉一樣了。”

以色列人因為不信而絆倒

30 既是這樣,我們還有甚麼可說的呢?那不追求義的外族人卻得了義,就是因信而得的義。 31 但以色列人追求律法的義(“律法的義”原文作“義的律法”),卻達不到律法的要求。 32 這是甚麼緣故呢?因為他們不憑信心,只靠行為。他們絆倒在那絆腳石上, 33 正如經上所記:

“看哪,我在錫安放了一塊絆腳石,

是絆倒人的磐石;

信靠他的人,

必不致失望。”

Lʼeredità dʼIsraele

Dico la verità in Cristo, non mento, la mia coscienza lo conferma nello Spirito Santo. 2-3 Ho una tristezza grande e una angoscia incessante nel mio cuore. Perché io desidererei essere maledetto e tagliato via da Cristo se ciò potesse aiutare i miei fratelli, quelli del mio stesso popolo, il popolo dʼIsraele. Loro è lʼadozione a figli; loro è la gloria divina, il patto, la legge, il culto e le promesse. I vostri antenati furono grandi uomini di Dio, Cristo stesso, per quanto riguarda la sua natura umana, fu uno di voi, un giudeo: Cristo, che è Dio e regna sopra ogni cosa. Sia benedetto in eterno!

Però non si deve credere che Dio sia venuto meno alle promesse fatte agli Ebrei. (Perché queste promesse sono soltanto per quelli che sono veramente Ebrei). E non basta essere nati in una famiglia ebrea, per essere Ebrei! Non tutti i discendenti di Abramo sono veri figli di Abramo! Infatti, le Scritture dicono che, sebbene Abramo avesse altri figli, le promesse di Dio valevano soltanto per Isacco e per i suoi discendenti. Questo significa che non tutti i figli di Abramo sono figli di Dio, ma solo quelli della promessa.

Poiché si trattava ben di una promessa quando Dio disse: «Lʼanno prossimo tornerò e tua moglie Sara avrà un figlio». 10-13 E non soltanto questo. Anni dopo, quando Isacco era già uomo e sposato, e Rebecca, sua moglie, stava per partorire due gemelli, Dio le rivelò che Esaù, il primo nato, sarebbe stato servo del suo gemello, Giacobbe. Le testuali parole furono: «Ho amato Giacobbe, ma ho odiato Esaù». Dio parlò così, prima ancora che i bambini nascessero, prima che potessero fare qualsiasi cosa, sia di bene che di male. Ciò dimostra, dunque, che Dio stava facendo ciò che aveva deciso di fare fin da principio, una decisione non determinata da come si comportarono Esaù e Giacobbe, ma dalla scelta e dalla volontà del Signore.

14 Dovremmo dunque dire che Dio fu ingiusto in questo caso? No di certo! 15 Perché Dio aveva detto a Mosè: «Avrò pietà di chi vorrò aver pietà e compassione di chi vorrò aver compassione». 16 Perciò, per avere le benedizioni di Dio, non basta che uno decida di averle o si dia da fare per ottenerle. È Dio che sceglie di darle a chi vuole.

17 Vale lʼesempio del Faraone, re dʼEgitto. Dio gli disse: «Ti ho dato il dominio dʼEgitto per mostrare la mia potenza contro di te; così tutto il mondo sentirà parlare del mio nome». 18 Vedete dunque che Dio perdona chi vuole, e indurisce il cuore di chi vuole. 19 «Ma allora perché», mi direte voi, «Dio li rimprovera di non volerlo ascoltare? È stato lui a renderli insensibili. Chi può resistere alla volontà di Dio?»

20 No, non dite così. Chi siete voi per criticare Dio? La creatura può forse dire al Creatore: «Perché mi hai fatto così?» 21 Quando un uomo modella un vaso dʼargilla, non ha, forse, il diritto di usare lo stesso blocco dʼargilla, sia per fare un vaso di fiori, che un secchio per i rifiuti? 22 Allo stesso modo, Dio ha tutti i diritti di essere paziente con chi vuole, anche con quelli che meriterebbero di fare una brutta fine; soltanto più tardi egli mostrerà la sua ira e la sua potenza contro di loro. 23-24 Dio ha anche diritto di usare altri vasi, come noi, fatti apposta per contenere le ricchezze della sua gloria (non importa se siamo giudei o apparteniamo ad altri popoli), e mostrarci la sua misericordia, in modo che tutti possano vedere quanto sia grande la sua gloria.

25 Vi ricordate che cosa è scritto nel libro del profeta Osea? Il Signore dice che troverà altri figli per sé, figli che non appartengono alla sua famiglia ebraica, e che li amerà, anche se nessun altro li aveva amati prima. 26 E i pagani, ai quali una volta disse: «Voi non siete la mia gente», saranno chiamati «figli del Dio Vivente».

27 Il profeta Isaia, riferendosi ai Giudei, gridò senza peli sulla lingua: «Anche se siete milioni, soltanto pochi saranno salvati 28 perché il Signore eseguirà completamente e con prontezza la sua sentenza sulla terra».

29 In un altro punto, Isaia dice ancora: «Se non fosse per la misericordia di Dio, tutti quanti saremmo distrutti, come gli abitanti di Sòdoma e Gomorra».

30 Che cosa possiamo dire? Soltanto questo: che Dio ha dato a quelli che non appartengono al popolo dʼIsraele la possibilità di essere salvati per fede, anche se essi non la cercavano. 31 I Giudei, invece, che facevano di tutto per essere giusti osservando le sue leggi, non hanno ottenuto la salvezza. 32 Perché? Perché i Giudei cercavano di essere salvati, ubbidendo alle leggi e facendo buone opere, anziché basarsi sulla fede. Essi hanno urtato nella grande pietra dʼinciampo, proprio comʼè scritto: 33 «Ecco, ho messo sul sentiero degli Ebrei una pietra dʼinciampo. Ma chi avrà fede in lui non sarà mai deluso».

Israël dans l’histoire du salut

Les sentiments de Paul à l’égard des Israélites

Je dis la vérité, en tant qu’homme uni à Christ, je ne mens pas ; ma conscience, en accord avec l’Esprit Saint, me rend ce témoignage : j’éprouve une profonde tristesse et un chagrin continuel dans mon cœur. Oui, je demanderais à Dieu d’être maudit[a] et séparé de Christ pour mes frères, nés du même peuple que moi. Ce sont les Israélites. C’est à eux qu’appartiennent la condition de fils adoptifs de Dieu, la manifestation glorieuse de la présence divine, les alliances[b], le don de la Loi, le culte et les promesses ; à eux les patriarches ! Et c’est d’eux qu’est issu Christ dans son humanité ; il est aussi au-dessus de tout, Dieu béni pour toujours. Amen !

Le véritable Israël selon l’élection de Dieu

Ce n’est pas que la Parole de Dieu soit restée sans effet ! Car ce ne sont pas tous ceux qui descendent du patriarche Israël[c] qui constituent Israël ; et ceux qui descendent d’Abraham ne sont pas tous ses enfants. Car Dieu dit à Abraham : C’est par Isaac que te sera suscitée une descendance[d]. Cela veut dire que tous les enfants de la descendance naturelle d’Abraham ne sont pas enfants de Dieu. Seuls les enfants nés selon la promesse sont considérés comme sa descendance. Car telle est la promesse de Dieu : Vers cette époque, je viendrai, et Sara aura un fils[e].

10 Et ce n’est pas tout : Rébecca eut des jumeaux nés d’un seul et même père, de notre ancêtre Isaac. 11-12 Or, Dieu a un plan qui s’accomplit selon son libre choix et qui dépend, non des actions des hommes, mais uniquement de la volonté de celui qui appelle. Et pour que ce plan demeure, c’est avant même la naissance de ces enfants, et par conséquent avant qu’ils n’aient fait ni bien ni mal, que Dieu dit à Rébecca : L’aîné sera assujetti au cadet[f]. 13 Ceci s’accorde avec cet autre texte de l’Ecriture : J’ai aimé Jacob, et j’ai écarté Esaü[g].

Le Dieu souverain est juste

14 Mais alors, que dire ? Dieu serait-il injuste ? Loin de là ! 15 Car il a dit à Moïse :

Je ferai grâce à qui je veux faire grâce,
j’aurai compassion de qui je veux avoir compassion[h] .

16 Cela ne dépend donc ni de la volonté de l’homme, ni de ses efforts, mais de Dieu qui fait grâce. 17 Dans l’Ecriture, Dieu dit au pharaon :

Voici pourquoi je t’ai fait parvenir où tu es : pour montrer en toi ma puissance et pour que ma renommée se répande par toute la terre[i] .

18 Ainsi donc, Dieu fait grâce à qui il veut et il endurcit qui il veut.

19 Tu vas me dire : pourquoi alors fait-il encore des reproches ? Car qui a jamais pu résister à sa volonté ? 20 Mais, qui es-tu donc toi, un homme, pour critiquer Dieu ? L’ouvrage demandera-t-il à l’ouvrier : « Pourquoi m’as-tu fait ainsi[j]? » 21 Le potier n’a-t-il pas le droit, à partir du même bloc d’argile, de fabriquer un pot d’usage noble et un autre pour l’usage courant ?

22 Et qu’as-tu à redire si Dieu, parce qu’il voulait montrer sa colère et faire connaître sa puissance, a supporté avec une immense patience ceux qui étaient les objets de sa colère, tout prêts[k] pour la destruction ? 23 Oui, qu’as-tu à redire si Dieu a agi ainsi pour manifester la richesse de sa gloire en faveur de ceux qui sont les objets de sa compassion, ceux qu’il a préparés d’avance pour la gloire ?

Pour les Juifs et pour les non-Juifs

24 C’est nous qui sommes les objets de sa compassion, nous qu’il a appelés non seulement d’entre les Juifs, mais aussi d’entre les non-Juifs. 25 C’est ce qu’il dit dans le livre du prophète Osée :

Celui qui n’était pas mon peuple,je l’appellerai « mon peuple ».
Celle qui n’était pas la bien-aimée,je la nommerai « bien-aimée »[l].

26 Au lieu même où on leur avait dit : « Vous n’êtes pas mon peuple », on leur dira alors : « Vous êtes les enfants du Dieu vivant[m] . »

27 Et pour ce qui concerne Israël, Esaïe déclare de son côté :

Même si les descendants d’Israëlétaient aussi nombreux que les grains de sable au bord de la mer,
seul un reste sera sauvé.
28 Car pleinement et promptement[n] ,le Seigneur accomplira sa parole sur la terre[o].

29 Et comme Esaïe l’avait dit par avance :

Si le Seigneur des armées célestesne nous avait laissé des descendants,
nous ressemblerions à Sodome,
nous serions comme Gomorrhe[p] .

Etre juste : par la foi et non par la Loi

30 Que dire maintenant ? Voici ce que nous disons : les païens qui ne cherchaient pas à être déclarés justes par Dieu ont saisi cette justice, mais il s’agit de la justice qui est reçue par la foi. 31 Les Israélites, eux, qui cherchaient à être déclarés justes en obéissant à une loi, n’y sont pas parvenus[q]. 32 Pour quelle raison ? Parce qu’ils ont cherché à être déclarés justes non pas en comptant sur la foi, mais comme si la justice pouvait provenir de la pratique de la Loi. Ils ont buté contre la pierre qui fait tomber, 33 conformément à ce que dit l’Ecriture :

Moi, je place en Sionune pierre qu’on heurte,
un rocher qui fait trébucher.
Celui qui met en lui sa confiancene connaîtra jamais le déshonneur[r].

Footnotes

  1. 9.3 Autre traduction : Je souhaiterais être maudit.
  2. 9.4 Certains manuscrits ont : l’alliance.
  3. 9.6 Autre traduction : tous ceux qui font partie d’Israël.
  4. 9.7 Gn 21.12.
  5. 9.9 Gn 18.10, 14.
  6. 9.11-12 Gn 25.23.
  7. 9.13 Ml 1.2-3.
  8. 9.15 Ex 33.19.
  9. 9.17 Ex 9.16 cité selon l’ancienne version grecque.
  10. 9.20 Voir Es 45.9.
  11. 9.22 Autre traduction : préparés pour.
  12. 9.25 Os 2.25.
  13. 9.26 Os 2.1 ; 1.9.
  14. 9.28 Autre traduction : de façon décisive.
  15. 9.28 Es 10.22-23 cité selon l’ancienne version grecque.
  16. 9.29 Es 1.9 cité selon l’ancienne version grecque. Sodome… Gomorrhe : deux villes qui ont subi un terrible jugement de la part de Dieu (Gn 19.23-28).
  17. 9.31 Autre traduction : n’ont pas trouvé une Loi par laquelle ils auraient pu être déclarés justes.
  18. 9.33 Es 8.14 ; 28.16 cités selon l’ancienne version grecque.

Paul’s Concern for the Jewish People

I am telling the truth because I belong to[a] the Messiah[b]—I am not lying, and my conscience confirms it by means of the Holy Spirit. I have deep sorrow and unceasing anguish in my heart, for I could wish that I myself were condemned[c] and cut off from the Messiah[d] for the sake of my brothers, my own people,[e] who are Israelis. To them belong the adoption, the glory, the covenants,[f] the giving of the Law, the worship, and the promises. To the Israelis[g] belong the patriarchs, and from them, the Messiah[h] descended,[i] who is God over all, the one who is forever blessed. Amen.

Now it is not as though the word of God has failed. For not all Israelis truly belong to Israel, and not all of Abraham’s descendants are his true descendants. On the contrary, “It is through Isaac that descendants will be named for you.”[j] That is, it is not merely the children born through natural descent who were regarded as God’s children, but it is the children born through the promise who were regarded as descendants. For this is the language of the promise: “At this time I will return, and Sarah will have a son.”[k] 10 Not only that, but Rebecca became pregnant by our ancestor Isaac. 11 Yet before their children[l] had been born or had done anything good or bad (so that God’s plan of election might continue to operate 12 according to his calling and not by actions), Rebecca[m] was told, “The older child will serve the younger one.”[n] 13 So it is written, “Jacob I loved, but Esau I hated.”[o]

14 What can we say, then? God is not unrighteous, is he? Of course not! 15 For he says to Moses, “I will be merciful to the person I want to be merciful to, and I will be kind to the person I want to be kind to.”[p] 16 Therefore, God’s choice[q] does not depend on a person’s will or effort, but on God himself, who shows mercy. 17 For the Scripture says about Pharaoh,

“I have raised you up for this very purpose,
    to demonstrate my power through you
and that my name might be proclaimed
    in all the earth.”[r]

18 Therefore, God[s] has mercy on whomever he chooses, and he hardens the heart of whomever he chooses.

God Chose People who are Not Jewish

19 You may ask me, “Then why does God[t] still find fault with anybody?[u] For who can resist his will?” 20 On the contrary, who are you—mere man that you are—to talk back to God? Can an object that was molded say to the one who molded it, “Why did you make me like this?” 21 A potter has the right to do what he wants to with his clay, doesn’t he? He can make something for a special occasion or something for ordinary use from the same lump of clay.

22 Now if God wants to demonstrate his wrath and reveal his power, can’t he be extremely patient with the objects of his wrath that are made for destruction? 23 Can’t he also reveal his glorious riches to the objects of his mercy that he has prepared ahead of time for glory— 24 including us, whom he also called, not only from the Jews but from the gentiles as well? 25 As the Scripture[v] says in Hosea,

“Those who are not my people
    I will call my people,
and the one who was not loved
    I will call my loved one.[w]
26 In the very place where it was told them,
    ‘You are not my people,’
        they will be called children of the living God.”[x]

27 Isaiah also calls out concerning Israel,

“Although the descendants of Israel
    are as numerous as the grains of sand on the seashore,
        only a few will be saved.
28 For the Lord[y] will carry out his plan decisively,
    bringing it to completion on the earth.”[z]

29 It is just as Isaiah predicted:

“If the Lord of the Heavenly Armies
    had not left us some descendants,
        we would have become like Sodom
        and would have been compared to Gomorrah.”[aa]

30 What can we say, then? Gentiles, who were not pursuing righteousness, have attained righteousness, a righteousness that comes through faith. 31 But Israel, who pursued righteousness based on the Law, did not achieve the Law. 32 Why not? Because they did not pursue it on the basis of faith, but as if it were based on achievements. They stumbled over the stone that causes people to stumble. 33 As it is written,

“Look! I am placing a stone in Zion
    over which people will stumble—
a large rock that will make them fall—
    and the one who believes in him will never be ashamed.”[ab]

Footnotes

  1. Romans 9:1 Lit. truth in
  2. Romans 9:1 Or Christ
  3. Romans 9:3 Or accursed
  4. Romans 9:3 Or Christ
  5. Romans 9:3 Lit. own relatives according to the flesh
  6. Romans 9:4 Other mss. read the covenant
  7. Romans 9:5 Lit. To them
  8. Romans 9:5 Or Christ
  9. Romans 9:5 Lit. Messiah according to the flesh
  10. Romans 9:7 Cf. Gen 21:12
  11. Romans 9:9 Cf. Gen 18:10, 14
  12. Romans 9:11 Lit. they
  13. Romans 9:12 Lit. she
  14. Romans 9:12 Cf. Gen 25:23
  15. Romans 9:13 Cf. Mal 1:2-3
  16. Romans 9:15 Cf. Exod 33:19
  17. Romans 9:16 Lit. it
  18. Romans 9:17 Cf. Exod 9:16
  19. Romans 9:18 Lit. he
  20. Romans 9:19 Lit. he
  21. Romans 9:19 The Gk. lacks with anybody
  22. Romans 9:25 Lit. As it
  23. Romans 9:25 Cf. Hos 2:23
  24. Romans 9:26 Cf. Hos 1:10
  25. Romans 9:28 MT source citation reads Lord
  26. Romans 9:28 Cf. Isa 10:22-23
  27. Romans 9:29 Cf. Isa 1:9
  28. Romans 9:33 Cf. Isa 28:16