1 He proveth that which he said before of faith, by the example of Abraham, 3, 6 and the testimony of the Scripture: and ten times in the Chapter he beateth upon this word, Imputation.

What [a]shall we say then, that Abraham our father hath found concerning the [b]flesh?

[c]For if Abraham were justified by works, he hath wherein to rejoice, but not with God.

[d]For what saith the Scripture? Abraham believed God, and it was counted to him for righteousness.

[e]Now to him that [f]worketh, the wages is not [g]counted by favor, but by debt:

But to him that worketh not, but believeth in him that [h]justifieth the ungodly, his faith is counted for righteousness.

[i]Even as David declareth the blessedness of the man, unto whom God imputeth righteousness without works, saying,

Blessed are they whose iniquities are forgiven, and whose sins are covered.

Blessed is the man to whom the Lord imputeth not sin.

[j]Came this [k]blessedness then upon the circumcision only, or upon the uncircumcision also? For we say, that faith was imputed unto Abraham for righteousness.

10 [l]How was it then imputed? when he was circumcised, or uncircumcised? not when he was circumcised, but when he was uncircumcised.

11 [m]After, he received the [n]sign of circumcision, as the [o]seal of the righteousness of the faith which he had, when he was uncircumcised, [p]that he should be the father of all them that believe, not being circumcised, that righteousness might be imputed to them also.

12 [q]And the father of circumcision, not unto them only which are of the circumcision, but unto them also that walk in the steps of the faith of our father Abraham which he had when he was uncircumcised.

13 [r]For the promise that he should be the [s]heir of the world, was not given to Abraham, or to his seed, through the [t]Law, but through the righteousness of faith.

14 [u]For if they which are of the [v]Law, be heirs, faith is made void, and the promise is made of none effect.

15 [w]For the Law causeth wrath: for where no Law is, there is no transgression.

16 [x]Therefore it is by faith, that it might come by grace, and the promise might be sure to all the [y]seed, [z]not to that only which is of the Law: but also to that which is of the faith of Abraham who is the father of us all,

17 (As it is written, I have made thee a [aa]father of many nations) even before [ab]God whom he believed, who [ac]quickeneth the dead, and [ad]calleth those things which be not, as though they were.

18 [ae]Which Abraham above hope, believed under hope, that he should be the father of many nations: according to that which was spoken to him, So shall thy seed be.

19 And he [af]not weak in the faith, considered not his own body, which was now [ag]dead, being almost an hundred years old, neither the deadness of Sarah’s womb.

20 Neither did he doubt of the promise of God through unbelief, but was strengthened in the faith, and gave [ah]glory to God,

21 Being [ai]fully assured that he which had promised, was also able to do it.

22 And therefore it was imputed to him for righteousness.

23 [aj]Now is it not written for him only, that it was imputed to him for righteousness,

24 But also for us, to whom it shall be imputed for righteousness, which believe in him that raised up Jesus our Lord from the dead,

25 Who was delivered to death for our [ak]sins, and is risen again for our justification.

Footnotes

  1. Romans 4:1 A new argument of great weight, taken from the example of Abraham the father of all believers: And this is the proposition: if Abraham be considered in himself by his works, he hath deserved nothing wherein to rejoice with God.
  2. Romans 4:1 By works, as appeareth in the next verse.
  3. Romans 4:2 A preventing of an objection: Abraham may well rejoice and extol himself amongst men, but not with God.
  4. Romans 4:3 A confirmation of the proposition: Abraham was justified by imputation of faith, therefore freely without any respect of his works.
  5. Romans 4:4 The first proof of the confirmation, taken of contraries: to him that deserveth anything by his labor, the wages is not counted by favor, but by debt: but to him that hath done nothing, but believeth in him which promiseth freely, faith is imputed.
  6. Romans 4:4 To him that hath deserved anything by his work.
  7. Romans 4:4 Is not reckoned nor given him.
  8. Romans 4:5 That maketh him which is wicked in himself, just in Christ.
  9. Romans 4:6 Another proof of the same confirmation: David putteth blessedness in free pardon of sins, therefore justification also.
  10. Romans 4:9 A new proposition: that this manner of justification belongeth both to uncircumcised, and also to the circumcised, as is declared in the person of Abraham.
  11. Romans 4:9 This saying of David, wherein he pronounceth them blessed.
  12. Romans 4:10 He proveth that it belongeth to the uncircumcised (for there was no doubt of the circumcised) in this sort: Abraham was justified in uncircumcision, therefore this justification belongeth also to the uncircumcised. Nay, it does not appertain to the circumcised in respect of the circumcision, much less are the uncircumcised shut out for their uncircumcision.
  13. Romans 4:11 A preventing of an objection: why then was Abraham circumcised, if he were already justified? That the gift of righteousness (saith he) might be confirmed in him.
  14. Romans 4:11 Circumcision, which is a sign: as we say, the Sacrament of Baptism, for Baptism which is a Sacrament.
  15. Romans 4:11 Circumcision was called before a sign, in respect of the outward ceremony: now Paul showeth the force and substance of that sign, that is, to what end it is used, to wit, not only to signify, but also to seal up the righteousness of faith, whereby we come to possess Christ himself: for the holy Ghost worketh that inwardly indeed, which the Sacraments being joined with the word, do represent.
  16. Romans 4:11 An applying of the example of Abraham to the uncircumcised believers, whose father also he maketh Abraham.
  17. Romans 4:12 An applying of the same example, to the circumcised believers, whose father Abraham is, but yet by faith.
  18. Romans 4:13 A reason why the seed of Abraham is to be esteemed by faith, because that Abraham himself through faith was made partaker of that promise, whereby he was made the father of all nations.
  19. Romans 4:13 That all the nations of the world should be his children: or by the world may be understood the land of Canaan.
  20. Romans 4:13 For works that he had done, or upon this condition that he should fulfill the Law.
  21. Romans 4:14 A double confirmation of that reason: the one is, that the promise cannot be apprehended by the Law, and therefore it should be frustrated: the other, that the condition of faith should be joined in vain to that promise which should be apprehended by works.
  22. Romans 4:14 If they be heirs which have fulfilled the Law.
  23. Romans 4:15 A reason of the first confirmation, why the promise cannot be apprehended by the Law: because that the Law doth not reconcile God and us, but rather denounceth his anger against us, forsomuch as no man can observe it.
  24. Romans 4:16 The conclusion of this argument. The salvation and justification of all the posterity of Abraham (that is, of the Church which is gathered together of all people) proceedeth of faith, which layeth hold on the promise made unto Abraham, and which promise Abraham himself first of all laid hold on.
  25. Romans 4:16 To all the believers.
  26. Romans 4:16 That is to say, not only of them which believe and are also circumcised according to the Law, but of them also which without circumcision, and in respect of faith only, are counted amongst the children of Abraham.
  27. Romans 4:17 This fatherhood is spiritual, depending only upon the virtue of God, who made the promise.
  28. Romans 4:17 Before God, that is, by a spiritual kindred, which had place before God, and maketh us acceptable to God.
  29. Romans 4:17 Who restored to life.
  30. Romans 4:17 With whom these things are already, which as yet are not in deed, as he that can with a word make what he will of nothing.
  31. Romans 4:18 A description of true faith, wholly resting in the power of God, and his good will, set forth in the example of Abraham.
  32. Romans 4:19 Very strong and constant.
  33. Romans 4:19 Void of strength, and unmeet to get children.
  34. Romans 4:20 Acknowledged and praised God, as most gracious and true.
  35. Romans 4:21 A description of true faith.
  36. Romans 4:23 The rule of justification is always one, both in Abraham and in all the faithful: that is to say, faith in God, who after that there was made a full satisfaction for our sins in Christ our mediator, raised him from the dead, that we also being justified, might be saved in him.
  37. Romans 4:25 To pay the ransom for our sins.

Abraham Justified by Faith

What then shall we say(A) that Abraham, our forefather according to the flesh,(B) discovered in this matter? If, in fact, Abraham was justified by works, he had something to boast about—but not before God.(C) What does Scripture say? “Abraham believed God, and it was credited to him as righteousness.”[a](D)

Now to the one who works, wages are not credited as a gift(E) but as an obligation. However, to the one who does not work but trusts God who justifies the ungodly, their faith is credited as righteousness.(F) David says the same thing when he speaks of the blessedness of the one to whom God credits righteousness apart from works:

“Blessed are those
    whose transgressions are forgiven,
    whose sins are covered.
Blessed is the one
    whose sin the Lord will never count against them.”[b](G)

Is this blessedness only for the circumcised, or also for the uncircumcised?(H) We have been saying that Abraham’s faith was credited to him as righteousness.(I) 10 Under what circumstances was it credited? Was it after he was circumcised, or before? It was not after, but before! 11 And he received circumcision as a sign, a seal of the righteousness that he had by faith while he was still uncircumcised.(J) So then, he is the father(K) of all who believe(L) but have not been circumcised, in order that righteousness might be credited to them. 12 And he is then also the father of the circumcised who not only are circumcised but who also follow in the footsteps of the faith that our father Abraham had before he was circumcised.

13 It was not through the law that Abraham and his offspring received the promise(M) that he would be heir of the world,(N) but through the righteousness that comes by faith.(O) 14 For if those who depend on the law are heirs, faith means nothing and the promise is worthless,(P) 15 because the law brings wrath.(Q) And where there is no law there is no transgression.(R)

16 Therefore, the promise comes by faith, so that it may be by grace(S) and may be guaranteed(T) to all Abraham’s offspring—not only to those who are of the law but also to those who have the faith of Abraham. He is the father of us all.(U) 17 As it is written: “I have made you a father of many nations.”[c](V) He is our father in the sight of God, in whom he believed—the God who gives life(W) to the dead and calls(X) into being things that were not.(Y)

18 Against all hope, Abraham in hope believed and so became the father of many nations,(Z) just as it had been said to him, “So shall your offspring be.”[d](AA) 19 Without weakening in his faith, he faced the fact that his body was as good as dead(AB)—since he was about a hundred years old(AC)—and that Sarah’s womb was also dead.(AD) 20 Yet he did not waver through unbelief regarding the promise of God, but was strengthened(AE) in his faith and gave glory to God,(AF) 21 being fully persuaded that God had power to do what he had promised.(AG) 22 This is why “it was credited to him as righteousness.”(AH) 23 The words “it was credited to him” were written not for him alone, 24 but also for us,(AI) to whom God will credit righteousness—for us who believe in him(AJ) who raised Jesus our Lord from the dead.(AK) 25 He was delivered over to death for our sins(AL) and was raised to life for our justification.(AM)

Footnotes

  1. Romans 4:3 Gen. 15:6; also in verse 22
  2. Romans 4:8 Psalm 32:1,2
  3. Romans 4:17 Gen. 17:5
  4. Romans 4:18 Gen. 15:5

Abraham Justified by Faith(A)

What then shall we say that (B)Abraham our (C)father[a] has found according to the flesh? For if Abraham was (D)justified by works, he has something to boast about, but not before God. For what does the Scripture say? (E)“Abraham believed God, and it was [b]accounted to him for righteousness.” Now (F)to him who works, the wages are not counted [c]as grace but as debt.

David Celebrates the Same Truth

But to him who (G)does not work but believes on Him who justifies (H)the ungodly, his faith is accounted for righteousness, just as David also (I)describes the blessedness of the man to whom God imputes righteousness apart from works:

“Blessed(J) are those whose lawless deeds are forgiven,
And whose sins are covered;
Blessed is the man to whom the Lord shall not impute sin.”

Abraham Justified Before Circumcision

Does this blessedness then come upon the circumcised only, or upon the uncircumcised also? For we say that faith was accounted to Abraham for righteousness. 10 How then was it accounted? While he was circumcised, or uncircumcised? Not while circumcised, but while uncircumcised. 11 And (K)he received the sign of circumcision, a seal of the righteousness of the faith which he had while still uncircumcised, that (L)he might be the father of all those who believe, though they are uncircumcised, that righteousness might be imputed to them also, 12 and the father of circumcision to those who not only are of the circumcision, but who also walk in the steps of the faith which our father (M)Abraham had while still uncircumcised.

The Promise Granted Through Faith

13 For the promise that he would be the (N)heir of the world was not to Abraham or to his seed through the law, but through the righteousness of faith. 14 For (O)if those who are of the law are heirs, faith is made void and the promise made of no effect, 15 because (P)the law brings about wrath; for where there is no law there is no transgression.

16 Therefore it is of faith that it might be (Q)according to grace, (R)so that the promise might be [d]sure to all the seed, not only to those who are of the law, but also to those who are of the faith of Abraham, (S)who is the father of us all 17 (as it is written, (T)“I have made you a father of many nations”) in the presence of Him whom he believed—God, (U)who gives life to the dead and calls those (V)things which do not exist as though they did; 18 who, contrary to hope, in hope believed, so that he became the father of many nations, according to what was spoken, (W)“So shall your descendants be.” 19 And not being weak in faith, (X)he did not consider his own body, already dead (since he was about a hundred years old), (Y)and the deadness of Sarah’s womb. 20 He did not waver at the promise of God through unbelief, but was strengthened in faith, giving glory to God, 21 and being fully convinced that what He had promised (Z)He was also able to perform. 22 And therefore (AA)“it was accounted to him for righteousness.”

23 Now (AB)it was not written for his sake alone that it was imputed to him, 24 but also for us. It shall be imputed to us who believe (AC)in Him who raised up Jesus our Lord from the dead, 25 (AD)who was delivered up because of our offenses, and (AE)was raised because of our justification.

Footnotes

  1. Romans 4:1 Or (fore)father according to the flesh has found?
  2. Romans 4:3 imputed, credited, reckoned, counted
  3. Romans 4:4 according to
  4. Romans 4:16 certain

Abraão foi justificado pela fé

Quais foram as experiências de Abraão, o fundador da nossa nação judaica, com respeito a esta questão de ser salvo pela fé? Terá sido por causa das suas obras que Deus o declarou justo? Se assim fosse, teria alguma coisa de que se gabar. Contudo, do ponto de vista de Deus, Abraão não tinha nenhum motivo para se orgulhar. O que as Escrituras nos dizem é: “Abraão creu em Deus e este declarou-o como justo.”[a]

Quando uma pessoa realiza uma obra, o seu salário não é uma oferta, mas um dívida que se tem para com ela. No entanto, uma pessoa que não realiza qualquer obra, mas crê em Deus que justifica o ímpio, será declarada justa por causa da sua fé.

O rei David falou a este respeito, descrevendo a felicidade da pessoa que é declarada justa por Deus, sem que para isso tenha praticado qualquer obra:

“Felizes são aqueles cujas transgressões foram perdoadas
e cujos pecados são cobertos!
Feliz é aquele cujo pecado
não é tido em conta pelo Senhor!”[b]

E essa felicidade é dada somente aos judeus ou também aos que não são circuncidados? Com efeito, afirmamos, quanto a Abraão que, em razão da sua fé, Deus declarou-o como justo. 10 Quando foi que Deus deu esta bênção a Abraão? Foi antes ou depois de se submeter ao rito da circuncisão? Não foi depois, mas antes!

11 Essa cerimónia, que cumpriu mais tarde, foi um sinal, um selo de que Deus já o declarara perdoado e justificado aos seus olhos, antes de passar pela circuncisão. Assim, Abraão é o pai espiritual de todos os que creem e foram declarados justos, mesmo que não sejam circuncidados. 12 Mas é também o pai espiritual dos judeus, os quais são circuncidados. Eles podem ver por este exemplo que não é esse rito que os salva, porque Abraão alcançou a misericórdia de Deus só pela fé, antes de ter sido circuncidado.

13 É claro que a promessa de Deus dar o mundo em herança a Abraão e aos seus descendentes não foi por Abraão ter guardado a Lei, mas porque creu que Deus cumpriria a sua promessa. 14 Portanto, os que ainda pretendem que a herança se destina aos cumpridores da Lei, é como se afirmassem que a fé é inútil e que a promessa de Deus não tem validade. 15 Porém o facto é este: a Lei traz-nos a ira de Deus, porque não conseguimos obedecer-lhe sem nunca falhar. A única maneira de não falhar seria não haver Lei!

16 Assim, a promessa de Deus é-nos dada pela fé, como uma oferta gratuita. E todos os que são descendentes de Abraão podem estar certos de obtê-la, não apenas os que vivem de acordo com a Lei, mas também os que têm uma fé semelhante à de Abraão. Porque em relação à fé, Abraão é pai de todos nós. 17 É esse o significado das Escrituras quando dizem: “Por pai de muitas nações te constituí.”[c] Esta promessa é feita por Deus, em quem creu e em cuja presença viveu, o qual faz com que os mortos vivam de novo, e chama as coisas que não são como se já fossem!

18 Portanto, quando já não havia esperança, Abraão teve fé e esperança de que se tornaria “pai de muitas nações”, conforme o que lhe fora dito por Deus, “assim será a tua descendência.”[d] 19 E porque a sua fé se manteve firme Abraão não se preocupou com o facto de estar quase sem vida, já com cem anos de idade, e que Sara fosse também estéril.

20 Mas Abraão nunca duvidou. Ele acreditava na promessa de Deus e a sua fé foi até fortalecida; e pôde dar glória a Deus por essa bênção antes ainda de esta se concretizar. 21 Ele estava completamente convencido de que Deus era poderoso para cumprir tudo o que tinha prometido. 22 E porque teve fé foi declarado justo.

23 Acontece que esta afirmação de ser aceite por meio da fé não foi feita só em benefício de Abraão. 24 Ela é também para nós, os que cremos em Deus, que ressuscitou Jesus, nosso Senhor, dentre os mortos. 25 O qual foi entregue por causa das nossas transgressões e foi reerguido para que pudéssemos ser considerados justos aos olhos de Deus.