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Chapter 14

To Live and Die for Christ. [a]Welcome anyone who is weak in faith,(A) but not for disputes over opinions.(B) One person believes that one may eat anything, while the weak person eats only vegetables.(C) The one who eats must not despise the one who abstains, and the one who abstains must not pass judgment on the one who eats; for God has welcomed him.(D) Who are you to pass judgment on someone else’s servant? Before his own master he stands or falls. And he will be upheld, for the Lord is able to make him stand.(E) [For] one person considers one day more important than another, while another person considers all days alike.(F) Let everyone be fully persuaded in his own mind.[b] Whoever observes the day, observes it for the Lord. Also whoever eats, eats for the Lord, since he gives thanks to God; while whoever abstains, abstains for the Lord and gives thanks to God. None of us lives for oneself, and no one dies for oneself. For if we live, we live for the Lord,[c] and if we die, we die for the Lord; so then, whether we live or die, we are the Lord’s.(G) For this is why Christ died and came to life, that he might be Lord of both the dead and the living.(H) 10 Why then do you judge your brother? Or you, why do you look down on your brother? For we shall all stand before the judgment seat of God;(I) 11 for it is written:

“As I live, says the Lord, every knee shall bend before me,
    and every tongue shall give praise to God.”(J)

12 So [then] each of us shall give an account of himself [to God].(K)

Consideration for the Weak Conscience. 13 Then let us no longer judge one another, but rather resolve never to put a stumbling block or hindrance in the way of a brother.(L) 14 I know and am convinced in the Lord Jesus that nothing is unclean in itself; still, it is unclean for someone who thinks it unclean.(M) 15 If your brother is being hurt by what you eat, your conduct is no longer in accord with love. Do not because of your food destroy him for whom Christ died.(N) 16 So do not let your good be reviled.(O) 17 For the kingdom of God is not a matter of food and drink, but of righteousness, peace, and joy in the holy Spirit;(P) 18 whoever serves Christ in this way is pleasing to God and approved by others. 19 Let us[d] then pursue what leads to peace and to building up one another.(Q) 20 For the sake of food, do not destroy the work of God.(R) Everything is indeed clean, but it is wrong for anyone to become a stumbling block by eating; 21 it is good not to eat meat or drink wine or do anything that causes your brother to stumble. 22 Keep the faith [that] you have to yourself in the presence of God; blessed is the one who does not condemn himself for what he approves. 23 (S)But whoever has doubts is condemned if he eats, because this is not from faith; for whatever is not from faith is sin.[e]

Footnotes

  1. 14:1–15:6 Since Christ spells termination of the law, which included observance of specific days and festivals as well as dietary instruction, the jettisoning of long-practiced customs was traumatic for many Christians brought up under the Mosaic code. Although Paul acknowledges that in principle no food is a source of moral contamination (Rom 14:14), he recommends that the consciences of Christians who are scrupulous in this regard be respected by other Christians (Rom 14:21). On the other hand, those who have scruples are not to sit in judgment on those who know that the gospel has liberated them from such ordinances (Rom 14:10). See 1 Cor 8; 10.
  2. 14:5 Since the problem to be overcome was humanity’s perverted mind or judgment (Rom 1:28), Paul indicates that the mind of the Christian is now able to function with appropriate discrimination (cf. Rom 12:2).
  3. 14:8 The Lord: Jesus, our Master. The same Greek word, kyrios, was applied to both rulers and holders of slaves. Throughout the Letter to the Romans Paul emphasizes God’s total claim on the believer; see note on Rom 1:1.
  4. 14:19 Some manuscripts, versions, and church Fathers read, “We then pursue…”; cf. Rom 5:1.
  5. 14:23 Whatever is not from faith is sin: Paul does not mean that all the actions of unbelievers are sinful. He addresses himself to the question of intracommunity living. Sin in the singular is the dreadful power described in Rom 5:12–14.

How to Treat Weak Believers

14 Accept anyone who is weak in faith, but not for the purpose of arguing over differences of opinion. One person believes that he may eat anything, while the weak[a] person eats only[b] vegetables. The person who eats any kind of food[c] must not ridicule the person who does not eat them,[d] and the person who does not eat certain foods[e] must not criticize the person who eats them,[f] for God has accepted him. Who are you to criticize someone else’s servant? He stands or falls before his own Lord—and stand he will, because the Lord[g] makes him stand.

One person decides in favor of one day over another, while another person decides that all days are the same. Let each one be fully convinced in his own mind: The one who observes a special day,[h] observes it to honor the Lord. The one who eats, eats to honor the Lord, since he gives thanks to God. And the one who does not eat, refrains from eating to honor the Lord; yet he, too, gives thanks to God.

For none of us lives for himself, and no one dies for himself. If we live, we live to honor the Lord; and if we die, we die to honor the Lord. So whether we live or die, we belong to the Lord. For this reason the Messiah[i] died and returned to life, so that he might become the Lord of both the dead and the living.

10 Why, then, do you criticize your brother? Or why do you despise your brother? For all of us will stand before the judgment seat of God.[j] 11 For it is written,

“As certainly as I live, declares the Lord,[k]
    every knee will bow to me,
        and every tongue will praise[l] God.”[m]

12 Consequently, each of us will give an account of himself to God.

Acting in Love

13 Therefore, let’s no longer criticize[n] each other. Instead, make up your mind not to put a stumbling block or hindrance in the way of a brother. 14 I know—and have been persuaded by the Lord Jesus—that nothing is unclean in and of itself, but it is unclean to a person who thinks it is unclean. 15 For if your brother is being hurt by what you eat, you are no longer acting in love. Do not destroy the person for whom the Messiah[o] died by what you eat. 16 Do not allow what seems good to you to be spoken of as evil. 17 For God’s kingdom does not consist of food and drink, but of righteousness, peace, and joy produced by the Holy Spirit. 18 For the person who serves the Messiah[p] in this way is pleasing to God and approved by people. 19 Therefore, let’s keep on pursuing those things that bring peace and that lead to building up one another.

20 Do not destroy God’s action for the sake of food. Everything is clean, but it is wrong to make another person stumble because of what you eat. 21 The right thing to do is to avoid eating meat, drinking wine, or doing anything else that makes your brother stumble, upset, or weak.[q] 22 As for the faith you do have, have it as your own conviction before God. How blessed is the person who has no reason to condemn himself because of what he approves! 23 But the person who has doubts is condemned if he eats, because he does not act in faith; and anything that is not done in faith is sin.

Footnotes

  1. Romans 14:2 Or ill
  2. Romans 14:2 The Gk. lacks only
  3. Romans 14:3 The Gk. lacks any kind of food
  4. Romans 14:3 The Gk. lacks them
  5. Romans 14:3 The Gk. lacks certain foods
  6. Romans 14:3 The Gk. lacks them
  7. Romans 14:4 Other mss. read because God
  8. Romans 14:6 Lit. the day
  9. Romans 14:9 Or Christ
  10. Romans 14:10 Other mss. read of the Messiah
  11. Romans 14:11 MT source citation reads Lord
  12. Romans 14:11 Or confess
  13. Romans 14:11 Cf. Isa 49:18; 45:23
  14. Romans 14:13 Or let’s not criticize
  15. Romans 14:15 Or Christ
  16. Romans 14:18 Or Christ
  17. Romans 14:21 Other mss. lack upset, or weak

Gegenseitige Duldsamkeit in Gewissensfragen

14 Nehmt den Schwachen im Glauben an, ohne über Gewissensfragen zu streiten.

Einer glaubt, alles essen zu dürfen; wer aber schwach ist, der isst Gemüse.

Wer isst, verachte den nicht, der nicht isst; und wer nicht isst, richte den nicht, der isst; denn Gott hat ihn angenommen.

Wer bist du, dass du den Hausknecht eines anderen richtest? Er steht oder fällt seinem eigenen Herrn. Er wird aber aufrecht gehalten werden; denn Gott vermag ihn aufrecht zu halten.

Dieser hält einen Tag höher als den anderen, jener hält alle Tage gleich; jeder sei seiner Meinung gewiss!

Wer auf den Tag achtet, der achtet darauf für den Herrn, und wer nicht auf den Tag achtet, der achtet nicht darauf für den Herrn. Wer isst, der isst für den Herrn, denn er dankt Gott; und wer nicht isst, der enthält sich der Speise für den Herrn und dankt Gott auch.

Denn keiner von uns lebt sich selbst und keiner stirbt sich selbst.

Denn leben wir, so leben wir dem Herrn, und sterben wir, so sterben wir dem Herrn; ob wir nun leben oder sterben, wir gehören dem Herrn.

Denn dazu ist Christus auch gestorben und auferstanden und wieder lebendig geworden, dass er sowohl über Tote als auch über Lebende Herr sei.

10 Du aber, was richtest du deinen Bruder? Oder du, was verachtest du deinen Bruder? Wir werden ja alle vor dem Richterstuhl des Christus erscheinen;

11 denn es steht geschrieben: »So wahr ich lebe, spricht der Herr: Mir soll sich jedes Knie beugen, und jede Zunge wird Gott bekennen«.[a]

12 So wird also jeder von uns für sich selbst Gott Rechenschaft geben.

Pflicht zur Rücksichtnahme gegenüber dem schwächeren Bruder

13 Darum lasst uns nicht mehr einander richten, sondern das richtet vielmehr, dass dem Bruder weder ein Anstoß noch ein Ärgernis in den Weg gestellt wird!

14 Ich weiß und bin überzeugt in dem Herrn Jesus, dass nichts an und für sich unrein ist; sondern es ist nur für den unrein, der etwas für unrein hält.

15 Wenn aber dein Bruder um einer Speise willen betrübt wird, so wandelst du nicht mehr gemäß der Liebe. Verdirb mit deiner Speise nicht denjenigen, für den Christus gestorben ist!

16 So soll nun euer Bestes nicht verlästert werden.

17 Denn das Reich Gottes ist nicht Essen und Trinken, sondern Gerechtigkeit, Friede und Freude im Heiligen Geist;

18 wer darin Christus dient, der ist Gott wohlgefällig und auch von den Menschen geschätzt.

19 So lasst uns nun nach dem streben, was zum Frieden und zur gegenseitigen Erbauung[b] dient.

20 Zerstöre nicht wegen einer Speise das Werk Gottes! Es ist zwar alles rein, aber es ist demjenigen schädlich, der es mit Anstoß isst.[c]

21 Es ist gut, wenn du kein Fleisch isst und keinen Wein trinkst, noch sonst etwas tust, woran dein Bruder Anstoß oder Ärgernis nehmen oder schwach werden könnte.

22 Du hast Glauben? Habe ihn für dich selbst vor Gott! Glückselig, wer sich selbst nicht verurteilt in dem, was er gutheißt!

23 Wer aber zweifelt, der ist verurteilt, wenn er doch isst, weil es nicht aus Glauben geschieht. Alles aber, was nicht aus Glauben geschieht, ist Sünde.

Footnotes

  1. (14,11) Jes 45,23.
  2. (14,19) »Erbauung« (w. »Aufbau eines Hauses«) bedeutet im NT geistliche Förderung und Stärkung.
  3. (14,20) d.h. obwohl es nach seiner Überzeugung Sünde ist.