Israel’s Rejection Not Total

11 I say then, (A)has God cast away His people? (B)Certainly not! For (C)I also am an Israelite, of the seed of Abraham, of the tribe of Benjamin. God has not cast away His people whom (D)He foreknew. Or do you not know what the Scripture says of Elijah, how he pleads with God against Israel, saying, (E)Lord, they have killed Your prophets and torn down Your altars, and I alone am left, and they seek my life”? But what does the divine response say to him? (F)“I have reserved for Myself seven thousand men who have not bowed the knee to Baal.” (G)Even so then, at this present time there is a remnant according to the election of grace. And (H)if by grace, then it is no longer of works; otherwise grace is no longer grace. [a]But if it is of works, it is no longer grace; otherwise work is no longer work.

What then? (I)Israel has not obtained what it seeks; but the elect have obtained it, and the rest were (J)blinded. Just as it is written:

(K)“God has given them a spirit of stupor,
(L)Eyes that they should not see
And ears that they should not hear,
To this very day.”

And David says:

(M)“Let their table become a snare and a trap,
A stumbling block and a recompense to them.
10 Let their eyes be darkened, so that they do not see,
And bow down their back always.”

Israel’s Rejection Not Final

11 I say then, have they stumbled that they should fall? Certainly not! But (N)through their [b]fall, to provoke them to (O)jealousy, salvation has come to the Gentiles. 12 Now if their [c]fall is riches for the world, and their failure riches for the Gentiles, how much more their fullness!

13 For I speak to you Gentiles; inasmuch as (P)I am an apostle to the Gentiles, I magnify my ministry, 14 if by any means I may provoke to jealousy those who are my flesh and (Q)save some of them. 15 For if their being cast away is the reconciling of the world, what will their acceptance be (R)but life from the dead?

16 For if (S)the firstfruit is holy, the lump is also holy; and if the root is holy, so are the branches. 17 And if (T)some of the branches were broken off, (U)and you, being a wild olive tree, were grafted in among them, and with them became a partaker of the root and [d]fatness of the olive tree, 18 (V)do not boast against the branches. But if you do boast, remember that you do not support the root, but the root supports you.

19 You will say then, “Branches were broken off that I might be grafted in.” 20 Well said. Because of (W)unbelief they were broken off, and you stand by faith. Do not be haughty, but fear. 21 For if God did not spare the natural branches, He may not spare you either. 22 Therefore consider the goodness and severity of God: on those who fell, severity; but toward you, [e]goodness, (X)if you continue in His goodness. Otherwise (Y)you also will be cut off. 23 And they also, (Z)if they do not continue in unbelief, will be grafted in, for God is able to graft them in again. 24 For if you were cut out of the olive tree which is wild by nature, and were grafted contrary to nature into a cultivated olive tree, how much more will these, who are natural branches, be grafted into their own olive tree?

25 For I do not desire, brethren, that you should be ignorant of this mystery, lest you should be (AA)wise in your own [f]opinion, that (AB)blindness in part has happened to Israel (AC)until the fullness of the Gentiles has come in. 26 And so all Israel will be [g]saved, as it is written:

(AD)“The Deliverer will come out of Zion,
And He will turn away ungodliness from Jacob;
27 For (AE)this is My covenant with them,
When I take away their sins.”

28 Concerning the gospel they are enemies for your sake, but concerning the election they are (AF)beloved for the sake of the fathers. 29 For the gifts and the calling of God are (AG)irrevocable. 30 For as you (AH)were once disobedient to God, yet have now obtained mercy through their disobedience, 31 even so these also have now been disobedient, that through the mercy shown you they also may obtain mercy. 32 For God has [h]committed them (AI)all to disobedience, that He might have mercy on all.

33 Oh, the depth of the riches both of the wisdom and knowledge of God! How unsearchable are His judgments and His ways past finding out!

34 “For who has known the (AJ)mind of the Lord?
Or (AK)who has become His counselor?”
35 “Or(AL) who has first given to Him
And it shall be repaid to him?”

36 For (AM)of Him and through Him and to Him are all things, (AN)to whom be glory forever. Amen.

Footnotes

  1. Romans 11:6 NU omits the rest of v. 6.
  2. Romans 11:11 trespass
  3. Romans 11:12 trespass
  4. Romans 11:17 richness
  5. Romans 11:22 NU adds of God
  6. Romans 11:25 estimation
  7. Romans 11:26 Or delivered
  8. Romans 11:32 shut them all up in

Rămăşiţa lui Israel

11 Atunci întreb: Şi-a respins Dumnezeu poporul? În nici un caz! Căci şi eu sunt israelit, din sămânţa lui Avraam, din seminţia lui Beniamin. Dumnezeu nu Şi-a respins poporul pe care l-a cunoscut mai dinainte. Nu ştiţi ce spune Scriptura despre Ilie? Cum I-a vorbit lui Dumnezeu împotriva lui Israel? „Doamne, Ţi-au omorât profeţii şi Ţi-au dărâmat altarele. Numai eu singur am mai rămas, iar ei încearcă să-mi ia şi mie viaţa!“[a] Însă ce i-a răspuns Dumnezeu[b]? „Mi-am păstrat şapte mii de bărbaţi care nu şi-au plecat genunchiul înaintea lui Baal[c].“[d] Tot aşa este şi acum: există o rămăşiţă care a fost aleasă prin har, iar dacă este prin har, atunci nu mai este prin fapte, pentru că altfel harul n-ar mai fi har. Şi atunci? Israel n-a obţinut ceea ce căuta, dar cei aleşi au obţinut; iar ceilalţi au fost împietriţi, aşa cum este scris:

„Dumnezeu le-a dat un duh de amorţeală,
    ochi să nu vadă
şi urechi să nu audă,
    până în ziua de astăzi.“[e]

Iar David spune:

„Să li se prefacă masa într-o cursă, într-un laţ,
    într-o pricină de cădere şi într-o dreaptă răsplătire!
10 Să li se întunece ochii ca să nu mai vadă!
    Fă să li se încovoaie mereu spinarea!“[f]

Mântuirea neamurilor

11 Atunci întreb: s-au împiedicat ei ca să cadă pentru totdeauna? În nici un caz, ci, datorită greşelii lor, mântuirea a ajuns la neamuri, pentru a-i face pe israeliţi geloşi. 12 Deci dacă greşeala lor a fost bogăţie pentru lume, iar eşecul lor a fost bogăţie pentru neamuri, cu cât mai mult va fi plinătatea întoarcerii lor?!

13 Acum vă vorbesc vouă, neamurilor: având în vedere că sunt un apostol al neamurilor, eu îmi glorific slujirea 14 încercând, cumva, să stârnesc gelozia celor din neamul meu şi să-i salvez astfel pe unii dintre ei. 15 Căci dacă respingerea lor a adus împăcarea lumii, ce va aduce atunci primirea lor, dacă nu viaţă din morţi?! 16 Iar dacă partea din aluat, oferită ca cel dintâi rod, este sfântă, atunci tot aluatul este sfânt[g]; şi dacă rădăcina este sfântă, atunci şi ramurile sunt sfinte.

17 Dar dacă unele ramuri au fost rupte, şi tu, care eşti o ramură de măslin sălbatic, ai fost altoită în locul lor şi ai devenit părtaşă la rădăcina[h] bogată a măslinului, 18 nu te lăuda faţă de ramuri! Însă, dacă te lauzi, aminteşte-ţi: nu tu susţii rădăcina, ci rădăcina te susţine pe tine! 19 Vei spune: „Ramurile au fost rupte ca să fiu altoit eu!“ 20 Aşa este. Ele au fost rupte pentru că n-au crezut, iar tu stai numai prin credinţă! Deci nu fi mândru, ci teme-te! 21 Căci dacă n-a cruţat Dumnezeu ramurile naturale, nu te va cruţa nici pe tine! 22 Uită-te deci la bunătatea şi la severitatea lui Dumnezeu: El este sever cu cei care au căzut, iar cu tine este bun, dacă rămâi în bunătatea Lui. Altfel, şi tu vei fi tăiat. 23 Şi chiar ei, dacă nu persistă în necredinţă, vor fi altoiţi, pentru că Dumnezeu are putere să-i altoiască din nou. 24 Dacă tu ai fost tăiat din ceea ce, prin natură, este un măslin sălbatic şi ai fost altoit, împotriva naturii, într-un măslin bun, cu cât mai mult aceste ramuri naturale vor fi altoite înapoi, în propriul lor măslin?

Întregul Israel va fi mântuit

25 Fraţilor, nu vreau să nu ştiţi această taină[i], ca să nu pretindeţi că aţi fi mai înţelepţi decât sunteţi: o parte din Israel a experimentat împietrirea, până când va intra numărul complet al neamurilor. 26 Şi astfel[j] tot Israelul va fi mântuit[k], după cum este scris:

„Eliberatorul va veni din Sion;
    El va îndepărta nelegiuirile de la Iacov.
27 Acesta este legământul Meu cu ei,
    când le voi şterge păcatele.“[l]

28 În ce priveşte Evanghelia, ei sunt duşmani, spre binele vostru, însă, în ce priveşte alegerea, ei sunt iubiţi, datorită patriarhilor lor. 29 Căci darurile şi chemarea lui Dumnezeu sunt definitive. 30 Aşa cum voi aţi fost cândva neascultători faţă de Dumnezeu, dar acum aţi primit îndurare datorită neascultării lor, 31 la fel sunt şi ei acum neascultători, pentru ca, prin îndurarea arătată vouă, să poată primi şi ei (acum)[m] îndurare. 32 Fiindcă Dumnezeu i-a închis pe toţi în neascultare, ca să-Şi arate îndurarea faţă de toţi.

Laudă lui Dumnezeu

33 O, adâncul bogăţiei înţelepciunii şi[n] cunoaşterii lui Dumnezeu! Cât de nepătrunse sunt judecăţile Lui şi cât de neînţelese sunt căile Lui!

34 „Căci cine a cunoscut gândul Domnului?
    Sau cine a fost sfătuitorul Lui?[o]

35 Cine I-a dat vreodată ceva,
    ca El să trebuiască să-i dea înapoi?“[p]

36 Din El, prin El şi pentru El sunt toate lucrurile. A Lui să fie slava în veci! Amin.

Footnotes

  1. Romani 11:3 Vezi 1 Regi 19:10, 14
  2. Romani 11:4 Lit.: oracolul divin
  3. Romani 11:4 Zeul canaanit al fertilităţii
  4. Romani 11:4 Vezi 1 Regi 19:18
  5. Romani 11:8 Vezi Deut. 29:4; Is. 29:10
  6. Romani 11:10 Vezi LXX, Ps. 69:22, 23
  7. Romani 11:16 Vezi Num. 15:17-21; partea din aluat oferită drept cel dintâi rod sunt Avraam şi patriarhii, iar tot aluatul sunt urmaşii lor, israeliţii
  8. Romani 11:17 Patriarhii
  9. Romani 11:25 În NT, prin taină se înţelege ceva ce înainte nu fusese cunoscut, dar care acum este descoperit de Dumnezeu poporului Său; taina este descoperită tuturor, însă numai cei ce au credinţă o înţeleg; contrar religiilor misterelor, foarte răspândite în acea vreme în lumea greco-romană, care susţineau că tainele erau cunoscute numai de către cei iniţiaţi
  10. Romani 11:26 Sau: atunci
  11. Romani 11:26 Propoziţia aceasta a fost interpretată în două direcţii majore: (1) numărul total al evreilor care au fost mântuiţi în toate generaţiile (tot Israelul fiind echivalent cu numărul complet al neamurilor din v. 25); (2) cea mai mare parte a evreilor din ultima generaţie. Un lucru este clar, anume că nimeni, atât dintre evrei, cât şi neamuri, nu va fi mântuit într-un mod colectiv, ci numai pe baza credinţei în Isus Cristos cel înviat; vezi v. 23
  12. Romani 11:27 Vezi Is. 59:20, 21; 27:9; Ier. 31:33, 34
  13. Romani 11:31 Cele mai multe mss importante nu conţin acest cuvânt; câteva mss importante conţin în cele din urmă
  14. Romani 11:33 Sau: O, adâncul bogăţiei, înţelepciunii şi
  15. Romani 11:34 Vezi LXX, Is. 40:13
  16. Romani 11:35 Vezi Iov 41:11

Geënt op de goede olijfboom

11 Heeft God zijn eigen volk dan afgeschreven? Zeker niet, ik ben immers zelf een Israëliet. Ik ben een nakomeling van Abraham en ik hoor ook bij de stam van Benjamin. Nee, God heeft het volk van zijn keuze niet afgeschreven. U herinnert zich wel hoe de profeet Elia zich bij God over Israël beklaagde. ‘Here,’ zei hij, ‘zij hebben uw profeten gedood en uw altaren omvergehaald. Alleen ik ben nog over en nu willen zij mij ook doden.’ En wat antwoordde God hem? ‘Ik heb ervoor gezorgd dat er nog zevenduizend mannen aan mijn kant staan. Ook die hebben hun knieën niet voor de afgod Baäl gebogen.’ Ook in deze tijd zijn er Israëlieten die bij God horen. Hij heeft in zijn genade een aantal van hen uitgekozen. Het was de genade van God. Ze konden er zelf niets aan toedoen, anders zou het geen genade zijn. De Israëlieten hebben dus niet gekregen wat zij zo graag wilden, op een paar na die door God waren uitgekozen. Maar de meesten werden steeds ongevoeliger. Dat klopt met wat in de Boeken staat: ‘God heeft hen geestelijk diep in slaap gebracht. Met hun ogen zien zij niet en met hun oren horen zij niet. Dat is nog steeds zo.’ David zei: ‘Laat het lekkere eten een valstrik voor hen worden. Laten ze in de val lopen en struikelen. Dat is hun verdiende loon. 10 Verslechter hun ogen, zodat zij niets meer kunnen zien. Maak hun rug voor altijd krom.’

11 Zijn de Israëlieten dan gestruikeld om voorgoed te blijven liggen? Natuurlijk niet! Maar door hun weigering om te gehoorzamen, is nu de andere volken het heil te beurt gevallen en wel om de Israëlieten jaloers te maken. 12 De wereld heeft dus voordeel van hun ongehoorzaamheid. Als hun val de andere volken al zoveel goeds heeft gebracht, hoeveel te meer zal dat het geval zijn als straks alle Israëlieten gaan gehoorzamen!

13 Ja, ik heb het tegen u, die geen Joden bent. U weet dat God mij met een bijzondere opdracht naar de andere volken heeft gestuurd. En ik vind dat geweldig! 14 Maar wat zou het heerlijk zijn als ik mijn eigen volk jaloers kon maken, zodat in elk geval enkelen ervan Jezus Christus zouden aannemen en daardoor gered zouden worden! 15 Toen God Zich van hen afkeerde, betekende dit dat Hij Zich naar de rest van de wereld keerde om hun zijn redding aan te bieden. En wanneer Hij hen dan opnieuw in zijn genade aanneemt, zal dat hun opstanding uit de dood zijn. 16 Omdat Abraham en de profeten het volk van God waren, zullen hun kinderen het ook zijn. Als de wortel van God is, zijn de takken ook van Hem. 17 Sommige takken van de goede olijfboom zijn afgebroken. En u, niet-Joden, bent als wilde olijftakken op de goede olijfboom geënt. Nu u tussen de andere takken staat, krijgt u net als zij voedsel uit de wortel. 18 Nu moet u vooral niet neerkijken op de takken die weggebroken zijn. Verbeeld u maar niets! U bent maar een tak en niet de wortel die alle takken draagt. 19 U zult dan vragen: ‘Maar die takken zijn toch weggebroken om plaats te maken voor ons?’ 20 Ja, dat is wel zo. Maar vergeet niet dat zij werden weggebroken, omdat zij niet geloofden. En u staat daar zolang u op Hem vertrouwt. Verbeeld u maar niets. Heb liever ontzag voor God. 21 Als God de oorspronkelijke takken van de boom niet heeft gespaard, zal Hij u zeker niet sparen. 22 U ziet dus dat God niet alleen goed is, maar ook streng. Hij is streng voor wie Hem ongehoorzaam zijn, maar vriendelijk voor wie Hem blijven vertrouwen en gehoorzamen. Houd dit in gedachten, want anders zult u ook afgesneden worden. 23 Aan de andere kant: als de Israëlieten tot geloof komen, zullen zij weer op de boom worden geënt. Ja, God kan dat! 24 Hij heeft u van de wilde olijfbomen afgekapt en op de goede geënt. Dat was tegen de natuur. Van nature was u takken van de wilde en niet van de goede olijfboom. Nu, wat zal God dan doen met de mensen die van nature takken van de goede boom zijn? Hij zal hen weer op hun eigen boom enten!

25 Broeders en zusters, ik wil u het geheim van Gods plan met Israël vertellen, om te voorkomen dat u afgaat op uw eigen ideeën. Voorlopig moet een deel van de Israëlieten niets van Jezus Christus hebben. En dat duurt totdat de grote massa uit de andere volken in Gods koninkrijk is ingegaan. 26 Dan zal heel Israël gered worden. Dat staat ook in de Boeken: ‘De grote bevrijder zal uit Sion komen om het kwaad van Israël weg te doen.’ 27 ‘Dit is mijn afspraak met hen: Ik zal hun zonden wegnemen.’ 28 Zij staan dus vijandig tegenover het goede nieuws van Jezus Christus. Daar hebt u voordeel van. Maar omdat zij vanouds het volk zijn dat God uitgekozen heeft, houdt Hij nog steeds van hen. 29 Want als Hij iets zegt, komt Hij er niet op terug. En als Hij in genade iets heeft gegeven, blijft het gegeven.

30 Vroeger verzette u zich tegen God. Maar omdat de Israëlieten zich tegen Hem hebben verzet, heeft Hij u nu genade gegeven. 31 Nu zijn zij het dus die zich tegen God verzetten, terwijl u genade hebt gekregen. Maar de bedoeling daarvan is dat zij ook genade zullen krijgen. 32 Want God heeft alle mensen aan de ongehoorzaamheid overgegeven om hun allemaal genadig te kunnen zijn. 33 Wat is God groot! Zijn rijkdom, wijsheid en kennis zijn onmeetbaar. Geen mens weet hoe Hij zijn beslissingen neemt. Het is onmogelijk zijn wegen na te gaan. 34 Wie kan vertellen wat er in de gedachten van de Here omgaat? Wie zou Hem ooit raad kunnen geven? 35 Wie heeft Hem ooit iets gegeven waarvoor Hij iets terug moet geven? 36 Want alles komt van God, alles bestaat door God en alles heeft zijn doel in God. Voor Hem is alle eer, voor altijd en eeuwig. Amen.

The Remnant of Israel

11 I ask then: Did God reject his people? By no means!(A) I am an Israelite myself, a descendant of Abraham,(B) from the tribe of Benjamin.(C) God did not reject his people,(D) whom he foreknew.(E) Don’t you know what Scripture says in the passage about Elijah—how he appealed to God against Israel: “Lord, they have killed your prophets and torn down your altars; I am the only one left, and they are trying to kill me”[a]?(F) And what was God’s answer to him? “I have reserved for myself seven thousand who have not bowed the knee to Baal.”[b](G) So too, at the present time there is a remnant(H) chosen by grace.(I) And if by grace, then it cannot be based on works;(J) if it were, grace would no longer be grace.

What then? What the people of Israel sought so earnestly they did not obtain.(K) The elect among them did, but the others were hardened,(L) as it is written:

“God gave them a spirit of stupor,
    eyes that could not see
    and ears that could not hear,(M)
to this very day.”[c](N)

And David says:

“May their table become a snare and a trap,
    a stumbling block and a retribution for them.
10 May their eyes be darkened so they cannot see,(O)
    and their backs be bent forever.”[d](P)

Ingrafted Branches

11 Again I ask: Did they stumble so as to fall beyond recovery? Not at all!(Q) Rather, because of their transgression, salvation has come to the Gentiles(R) to make Israel envious.(S) 12 But if their transgression means riches for the world, and their loss means riches for the Gentiles,(T) how much greater riches will their full inclusion bring!

13 I am talking to you Gentiles. Inasmuch as I am the apostle to the Gentiles,(U) I take pride in my ministry 14 in the hope that I may somehow arouse my own people to envy(V) and save(W) some of them. 15 For if their rejection brought reconciliation(X) to the world, what will their acceptance be but life from the dead?(Y) 16 If the part of the dough offered as firstfruits(Z) is holy, then the whole batch is holy; if the root is holy, so are the branches.

17 If some of the branches have been broken off,(AA) and you, though a wild olive shoot, have been grafted in among the others(AB) and now share in the nourishing sap from the olive root, 18 do not consider yourself to be superior to those other branches. If you do, consider this: You do not support the root, but the root supports you.(AC) 19 You will say then, “Branches were broken off so that I could be grafted in.” 20 Granted. But they were broken off because of unbelief, and you stand by faith.(AD) Do not be arrogant,(AE) but tremble.(AF) 21 For if God did not spare the natural branches, he will not spare you either.

22 Consider therefore the kindness(AG) and sternness of God: sternness to those who fell, but kindness to you, provided that you continue(AH) in his kindness. Otherwise, you also will be cut off.(AI) 23 And if they do not persist in unbelief, they will be grafted in, for God is able to graft them in again.(AJ) 24 After all, if you were cut out of an olive tree that is wild by nature, and contrary to nature were grafted into a cultivated olive tree,(AK) how much more readily will these, the natural branches, be grafted into their own olive tree!

All Israel Will Be Saved

25 I do not want you to be ignorant(AL) of this mystery,(AM) brothers and sisters, so that you may not be conceited:(AN) Israel has experienced a hardening(AO) in part until the full number of the Gentiles has come in,(AP) 26 and in this way[e] all Israel will be saved.(AQ) As it is written:

“The deliverer will come from Zion;
    he will turn godlessness away from Jacob.
27 And this is[f] my covenant with them
    when I take away their sins.”[g](AR)

28 As far as the gospel is concerned, they are enemies(AS) for your sake; but as far as election is concerned, they are loved on account of the patriarchs,(AT) 29 for God’s gifts and his call(AU) are irrevocable.(AV) 30 Just as you who were at one time disobedient(AW) to God have now received mercy as a result of their disobedience, 31 so they too have now become disobedient in order that they too may now[h] receive mercy as a result of God’s mercy to you. 32 For God has bound everyone over to disobedience(AX) so that he may have mercy on them all.

Doxology

33 Oh, the depth of the riches(AY) of the wisdom and[i] knowledge of God!(AZ)
    How unsearchable his judgments,
    and his paths beyond tracing out!(BA)
34 “Who has known the mind of the Lord?
    Or who has been his counselor?”[j](BB)
35 “Who has ever given to God,
    that God should repay them?”[k](BC)
36 For from him and through him and for him are all things.(BD)
    To him be the glory forever! Amen.(BE)

Footnotes

  1. Romans 11:3 1 Kings 19:10,14
  2. Romans 11:4 1 Kings 19:18
  3. Romans 11:8 Deut. 29:4; Isaiah 29:10
  4. Romans 11:10 Psalm 69:22,23
  5. Romans 11:26 Or and so
  6. Romans 11:27 Or will be
  7. Romans 11:27 Isaiah 59:20,21; 27:9 (see Septuagint); Jer. 31:33,34
  8. Romans 11:31 Some manuscripts do not have now.
  9. Romans 11:33 Or riches and the wisdom and the
  10. Romans 11:34 Isaiah 40:13
  11. Romans 11:35 Job 41:11