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O exemplo de Abraão

Então o que é que podemos dizer de Abraão, o antepassado de nossa raça? O que foi que ele conseguiu? Se foi por causa das coisas que ele fez que Deus o aceitou, então ele teria motivo para se orgulhar, mas não para se orgulhar diante de Deus. Pois o que é que as Escrituras Sagradas dizem? Elas dizem: “Abraão creu em Deus, e por isso Deus o aceitou.” O salário que o trabalhador recebe não é um presente, mas é o pagamento a que ele tem direito por causa do trabalho que fez. Porém a pessoa que não põe a sua esperança nas coisas que faz, mas simplesmente crê em Deus, é a fé dessa pessoa que faz com que ela seja aceita por Deus, o Deus que trata o culpado como se ele fosse inocente. E isso foi o que Davi queria dizer quando falou da felicidade daqueles que Deus aceita, sem levar em conta o que eles fazem. Davi disse:

“Feliz aquele cujas maldades
    Deus perdoa
e cujos pecados ele apaga!
Feliz aquele que o Senhor não acusa
    de cometer pecado!”

Será que essa felicidade de que Davi falou existe somente para os que são circuncidados? É claro que não! Ela existe também para os que não são circuncidados. Pois já citamos as Escrituras Sagradas, que dizem: “Abraão creu em Deus, e por isso Deus o aceitou.” 10 Quando foi que isso aconteceu? Foi antes ou depois de Abraão ser circuncidado? Foi antes e não depois. 11 Ele foi circuncidado mais tarde. E a sua circuncisão foi um sinal para provar que Deus aceitou Abraão porque ele tinha fé; e isso aconteceu quando ele ainda não havia sido circuncidado. Assim Abraão é o pai espiritual de todos os que creem em Deus e são aceitos por ele, mesmo que não sejam circuncidados. 12 Ele é também o pai dos que são circuncidados. Não apenas porque são circuncidados, mas porque vivem a mesma vida de fé que Abraão, o nosso pai, viveu antes de ter sido circuncidado.

Promessa e fé

13 Deus prometeu a Abraão e aos seus descendentes que o mundo ia pertencer a eles. Essa promessa foi feita não porque Abraão tinha obedecido à lei, mas porque ele havia crido em Deus e havia sido aceito por ele. 14 Pois, se aqueles que obedecem à lei vão receber o que Deus prometeu, então a fé é inútil, e a promessa de Deus não tem valor. 15 Pois a lei traz o castigo de Deus. Mas, onde não existe lei, também não existe desobediência à lei.

16 Portanto, a promessa de Deus depende da fé, a fim de que a promessa seja garantida como presente de Deus a todos os descendentes de Abraão. Ela não é somente para os que obedecem à lei, mas também para os que creem em Deus como Abraão creu, pois ele é o pai espiritual de todos nós. 17 Como dizem as Escrituras Sagradas: “Eu fiz de você o pai de muitas nações.” Assim a promessa depende de Deus, em quem Abraão creu, o Deus que ressuscita os mortos e faz com que exista o que não existia. 18 Abraão teve fé e esperança, mesmo quando não havia motivo para ter esperança, e por isso ele se tornou “o pai de muitas nações”. Como dizem as Escrituras: “Os seus descendentes serão muitos.” 19 Abraão tinha quase cem anos. Mas, mesmo quando ele pensou a respeito do seu corpo, que já estava como morto, ou quando lembrou que Sara não podia ter filhos, a sua fé não enfraqueceu. 20 Abraão não perdeu a fé, nem duvidou da promessa de Deus. A sua fé o encheu de poder, e ele louvou a Deus 21 porque tinha toda a certeza de que Deus podia fazer o que havia prometido. 22 Por isso Abraão, por meio da fé, “foi aceito por Deus.” 23 As palavras “foi aceito” não falam somente dele. 24 Falam também de nós, que seremos aceitos, nós os que cremos em Deus, o qual ressuscitou Jesus, o nosso Senhor. 25 Jesus foi entregue para morrer por causa dos nossos pecados e foi ressuscitado a fim de que nós fôssemos aceitos por Deus.

Abraham Justified by Faith

What then shall we say(A) that Abraham, our forefather according to the flesh,(B) discovered in this matter? If, in fact, Abraham was justified by works, he had something to boast about—but not before God.(C) What does Scripture say? “Abraham believed God, and it was credited to him as righteousness.”[a](D)

Now to the one who works, wages are not credited as a gift(E) but as an obligation. However, to the one who does not work but trusts God who justifies the ungodly, their faith is credited as righteousness.(F) David says the same thing when he speaks of the blessedness of the one to whom God credits righteousness apart from works:

“Blessed are those
    whose transgressions are forgiven,
    whose sins are covered.
Blessed is the one
    whose sin the Lord will never count against them.”[b](G)

Is this blessedness only for the circumcised, or also for the uncircumcised?(H) We have been saying that Abraham’s faith was credited to him as righteousness.(I) 10 Under what circumstances was it credited? Was it after he was circumcised, or before? It was not after, but before! 11 And he received circumcision as a sign, a seal of the righteousness that he had by faith while he was still uncircumcised.(J) So then, he is the father(K) of all who believe(L) but have not been circumcised, in order that righteousness might be credited to them. 12 And he is then also the father of the circumcised who not only are circumcised but who also follow in the footsteps of the faith that our father Abraham had before he was circumcised.

13 It was not through the law that Abraham and his offspring received the promise(M) that he would be heir of the world,(N) but through the righteousness that comes by faith.(O) 14 For if those who depend on the law are heirs, faith means nothing and the promise is worthless,(P) 15 because the law brings wrath.(Q) And where there is no law there is no transgression.(R)

16 Therefore, the promise comes by faith, so that it may be by grace(S) and may be guaranteed(T) to all Abraham’s offspring—not only to those who are of the law but also to those who have the faith of Abraham. He is the father of us all.(U) 17 As it is written: “I have made you a father of many nations.”[c](V) He is our father in the sight of God, in whom he believed—the God who gives life(W) to the dead and calls(X) into being things that were not.(Y)

18 Against all hope, Abraham in hope believed and so became the father of many nations,(Z) just as it had been said to him, “So shall your offspring be.”[d](AA) 19 Without weakening in his faith, he faced the fact that his body was as good as dead(AB)—since he was about a hundred years old(AC)—and that Sarah’s womb was also dead.(AD) 20 Yet he did not waver through unbelief regarding the promise of God, but was strengthened(AE) in his faith and gave glory to God,(AF) 21 being fully persuaded that God had power to do what he had promised.(AG) 22 This is why “it was credited to him as righteousness.”(AH) 23 The words “it was credited to him” were written not for him alone, 24 but also for us,(AI) to whom God will credit righteousness—for us who believe in him(AJ) who raised Jesus our Lord from the dead.(AK) 25 He was delivered over to death for our sins(AL) and was raised to life for our justification.(AM)

Footnotes

  1. Romans 4:3 Gen. 15:6; also in verse 22
  2. Romans 4:8 Psalm 32:1,2
  3. Romans 4:17 Gen. 17:5
  4. Romans 4:18 Gen. 15:5

Abraham Justified by Faith

What then shall we say was gained by Abraham, (A)our forefather according to the flesh? For if Abraham was justified by works, he has something to boast about, but (B)not before God. For what does the Scripture say? (C)“Abraham believed God, and it was counted to him as righteousness.” Now (D)to the one who works, his wages are not counted as a gift but as his due. And to the one who does not work but (E)believes in[a] him who justifies the ungodly, his faith is counted as righteousness, just as David also speaks of the blessing of the one to whom God counts righteousness apart from works:

(F)“Blessed are those whose lawless deeds are forgiven,
    and whose sins are covered;
blessed is the man against whom the Lord will not (G)count his sin.”

Is this blessing then only for (H)the circumcised, or also for the uncircumcised? (I)For we say that faith was counted to Abraham as righteousness. 10 How then was it counted to him? Was it before or after he had been circumcised? It was not after, but before he was circumcised. 11 (J)He received the sign of circumcision as a seal of the righteousness that he had by faith while he was still uncircumcised. The purpose was (K)to make him the father of all who believe without being circumcised, so that righteousness would be counted to them as well, 12 and to make him the father of the circumcised who are not merely circumcised but who also walk in the footsteps of the faith that our father Abraham had before he was circumcised.

The Promise Realized Through Faith

13 For (L)the promise to Abraham and his offspring (M)that he would be heir of the world did not come through the law but through the righteousness of faith. 14 (N)For if it is the adherents of the law who are to be the heirs, faith is null and the promise is void. 15 For (O)the law brings wrath, but (P)where there is no law (Q)there is no transgression.

16 That is why it depends on faith, (R)in order that the promise may rest on grace and (S)be guaranteed to all his offspring—not only to the adherent of the law but also to the one who shares the faith of Abraham, (T)who is the father of us all, 17 as it is written, (U)“I have made you the father of many nations”—in the presence of the God in whom he believed, (V)who gives life to the dead and calls into existence (W)the things that do not exist. 18 In hope he believed against hope, that he should become the father of many nations, as he had been told, (X)“So shall your offspring be.” 19 He did not weaken in faith when he considered his own body, which was (Y)as good as dead ((Z)since he was about a hundred years old), or when he considered (AA)the barrenness[b] of Sarah's womb. 20 No unbelief made him waver concerning the promise of God, but he grew strong in his faith as he gave glory to God, 21 fully convinced that (AB)God was able to do what he had promised. 22 That is why his faith was “counted to him as righteousness.” 23 But (AC)the words “it was counted to him” were not written for his sake alone, 24 but for ours also. It will be counted to us (AD)who believe in (AE)him who raised from the dead Jesus our Lord, 25 (AF)who was delivered up for our trespasses and raised (AG)for our justification.

Footnotes

  1. Romans 4:5 Or but trusts; compare verse 24
  2. Romans 4:19 Greek deadness