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O justo julgamento de Deus

E tu, quem quer que sejas, quando começas a julgá-los, não tens desculpa! Fazendo juízo sobre o comportamento deles, no fundo estás a condenar-te a ti mesmo, pois és capaz de fazer as mesmas coisas. E sabemos que o juízo de Deus contra os que praticarem tais coisas é de acordo com a verdade. Tu, ser humano, que julgas os que praticam tais coisas mas que também as praticas, pensas então que ficarás isento do juízo de Deus? Não te apercebes da rica bondade, tolerância e paciência que ele tem para contigo? Não és capaz de ver que a bondade de Deus procura levar-te ao arrependimento?

Mas devido à tua teimosia em recusares que o teu coração se arrependa, estás a acumular sobre ti mesmo a cólera de Deus, para o dia em que ela se manifestar e em que o seu justo juízo se revelar. Recompensará então cada um segundo as suas obras.[a] Dará a vida eterna àqueles que, com perseverança na prática das boas obras, procuram a glória, a honra e a vida imortal que ele oferece. Mas a ira e a cólera de Deus serão derramadas sobre aqueles que por ambição egoísta desobedecem à verdade e obedecem à injustiça. Haverá tribulação e sofrimento para os que continuam a praticar o mal, primeiro para os judeus e depois para os gentios. 10 Mas haverá glória, honra e paz para todos os que praticam o bem, primeiro para os judeus e depois para os gentios. 11 Porque ele a todos trata da mesma maneira.

12 Todos os que pecaram sem terem conhecido a Lei de Deus serão destruídos sem que a Lei se lhes aplique; porém, aqueles que pecaram conhecendo a Lei serão julgados de acordo com ela. 13 Com efeito, não são os que ouvem a Lei que são justos aos olhos de Deus, mas somente os que cumprem a Lei é que serão declarados justos. 14 Até os gentios, que não têm a Lei escrita de Deus, mostram conhecer alguns aspetos da Lei, quando por instinto lhe obedecem, apesar de nunca a terem ouvido. 15 Mostram assim que a Lei de Deus está escrita no fundo dos seus corações, pois as suas próprias consciências e pensamentos íntimos lhes servem de testemunhas, ora de acusação, ora de defesa. 16 O dia virá em que Deus, por intermédio de Jesus Cristo, julgará a vida íntima de cada um. Tudo isto faz parte do evangelho de Deus que eu anuncio.

Os judeus e a Lei

17 Tu, que te chamas judeu, pensas que tudo está em ordem entre ti e Deus, porque ele te deu a sua Lei e te sentes orgulhoso disso. 18 É certo, sim, que tu sabes qual é a sua vontade; aprovas coisas excelentes porque foste instruído na sua Lei. 19 Pensas até poder guiar os que são como cegos; consideras-te como uma luz dos que vivem nas trevas. 20 Julgas-te um mestre de ignorantes e um professor de crianças, por teres na Lei uma forma de sabedoria e de verdade.

21 Pois então, se tu ensinas os outros, porque não te ensinas a ti próprio? Pregas aos outros que não roubem e tu roubas? 22 Afirmas que não se deve cometer adultério e comete-lo? Abominas os ídolos, mas roubas templos? 23 Tens tanto orgulho na Lei de Deus e desonras Deus transgredindo-a. 24 Não admira pois que, tal como dizem as Escrituras: “O meu nome é constantemente blasfemado diante dos gentios por vossa causa.”[b]

25 Ser circuncidado vale alguma coisa se obedeceres à Lei de Deus; caso contrário, mesmo sendo circundado, é como se o não fosses. 26 E se os não circuncidados guardam os preceitos da Lei de Deus, não os considerará ele em consequência como se fossem circuncisos? 27 De facto, aqueles que não são naturalmente circuncidados, ao cumprirem a Lei de Deus, hão de julgar-te como transgressor, apesar de teres a letra da Lei e de seres circuncidado.

28 Não é pela aparência exterior nem porque se passa pela cerimónia da circuncisão que se pode ser considerado realmente judeu! 29 Judeu é aquele que o é interiormente. A verdadeira circuncisão não é uma cirurgia no corpo, mas uma mudança de coração produzida pelo Espírito Santo, não por uma lei escrita. Esse receberá o louvor do Senhor, ainda que não receba o vosso.

God’s Righteous Judgment

Therefore you are (A)inexcusable, O man, whoever you are who judge, (B)for in whatever you judge another you condemn yourself; for you who judge practice the same things. But we know that the judgment of God is according to truth against those who practice such things. And do you think this, O man, you who judge those practicing such things, and doing the same, that you will escape the judgment of God? Or do you despise (C)the riches of His goodness, (D)forbearance, and (E)longsuffering, (F)not knowing that the goodness of God leads you to repentance? But in accordance with your hardness and your [a]impenitent heart (G)you are [b]treasuring up for yourself wrath in the day of wrath and revelation of the righteous judgment of God, who (H)“will render to each one according to his deeds”: eternal life to those who by patient continuance in doing good seek for glory, honor, and immortality; but to those who are self-seeking and (I)do not obey the truth, but obey unrighteousness—indignation and wrath, tribulation and anguish, on every soul of man who does evil, of the Jew (J)first and also of the [c]Greek; 10 (K)but glory, honor, and peace to everyone who works what is good, to the Jew first and also to the Greek. 11 For (L)there is no partiality with God.

12 For as many as have sinned without law will also perish without law, and as many as have sinned in the law will be judged by the law 13 (for (M)not the hearers of the law are just in the sight of God, but the doers of the law will be justified; 14 for when Gentiles, who do not have the law, by nature do the things in the law, these, although not having the law, are a law to themselves, 15 who show the (N)work of the law written in their hearts, their (O)conscience also bearing witness, and between themselves their thoughts accusing or else excusing them) 16 (P)in the day when God will judge the secrets of men (Q)by Jesus Christ, (R)according to my gospel.

The Jews Guilty as the Gentiles

17 [d]Indeed (S)you are called a Jew, and (T)rest[e] on the law, (U)and make your boast in God, 18 and (V)know His will, and (W)approve the things that are excellent, being instructed out of the law, 19 and (X)are confident that you yourself are a guide to the blind, a light to those who are in darkness, 20 an instructor of the foolish, a teacher of babes, (Y)having the form of knowledge and truth in the law. 21 (Z)You, therefore, who teach another, do you not teach yourself? You who preach that a man should not steal, do you steal? 22 You who say, “Do not commit adultery,” do you commit adultery? You who abhor idols, (AA)do you rob temples? 23 You who (AB)make your boast in the law, do you dishonor God through breaking the law? 24 For (AC)“the name of God is (AD)blasphemed among the Gentiles because of you,” as it is written.

Circumcision of No Avail

25 (AE)For circumcision is indeed profitable if you keep the law; but if you are a breaker of the law, your circumcision has become uncircumcision. 26 Therefore, (AF)if an uncircumcised man keeps the righteous requirements of the law, will not his uncircumcision be counted as circumcision? 27 And will not the physically uncircumcised, if he fulfills the law, (AG)judge you who, even with your [f]written code and circumcision, are a transgressor of the law? 28 For (AH)he is not a Jew who is one outwardly, nor is circumcision that which is outward in the flesh; 29 but he is a Jew (AI)who is one inwardly; and (AJ)circumcision is that of the heart, (AK)in the Spirit, not in the letter; (AL)whose [g]praise is not from men but from God.

Footnotes

  1. Romans 2:5 unrepentant
  2. Romans 2:5 storing
  3. Romans 2:9 Gentile
  4. Romans 2:17 NU But if
  5. Romans 2:17 rely
  6. Romans 2:27 Lit. letter
  7. Romans 2:29 A play on words—Jew is literally praise.

God’s Righteous Judgment

You, therefore, have no excuse,(A) you who pass judgment on someone else, for at whatever point you judge another, you are condemning yourself, because you who pass judgment do the same things.(B) Now we know that God’s judgment against those who do such things is based on truth. So when you, a mere human being, pass judgment on them and yet do the same things, do you think you will escape God’s judgment? Or do you show contempt for the riches(C) of his kindness,(D) forbearance(E) and patience,(F) not realizing that God’s kindness is intended to lead you to repentance?(G)

But because of your stubbornness and your unrepentant heart, you are storing up wrath against yourself for the day of God’s wrath(H), when his righteous judgment(I) will be revealed. God “will repay each person according to what they have done.”[a](J) To those who by persistence in doing good seek glory, honor(K) and immortality,(L) he will give eternal life.(M) But for those who are self-seeking and who reject the truth and follow evil,(N) there will be wrath and anger.(O) There will be trouble and distress for every human being who does evil:(P) first for the Jew, then for the Gentile;(Q) 10 but glory, honor and peace for everyone who does good: first for the Jew, then for the Gentile.(R) 11 For God does not show favoritism.(S)

12 All who sin apart from the law will also perish apart from the law, and all who sin under the law(T) will be judged by the law. 13 For it is not those who hear the law who are righteous in God’s sight, but it is those who obey(U) the law who will be declared righteous. 14 (Indeed, when Gentiles, who do not have the law, do by nature things required by the law,(V) they are a law for themselves, even though they do not have the law. 15 They show that the requirements of the law are written on their hearts, their consciences also bearing witness, and their thoughts sometimes accusing them and at other times even defending them.) 16 This will take place on the day when God judges people’s secrets(W) through Jesus Christ,(X) as my gospel(Y) declares.

The Jews and the Law

17 Now you, if you call yourself a Jew; if you rely on the law and boast in God;(Z) 18 if you know his will and approve of what is superior because you are instructed by the law; 19 if you are convinced that you are a guide for the blind, a light for those who are in the dark, 20 an instructor of the foolish, a teacher of little children, because you have in the law the embodiment of knowledge and truth— 21 you, then, who teach others, do you not teach yourself? You who preach against stealing, do you steal?(AA) 22 You who say that people should not commit adultery, do you commit adultery? You who abhor idols, do you rob temples?(AB) 23 You who boast in the law,(AC) do you dishonor God by breaking the law? 24 As it is written: “God’s name is blasphemed among the Gentiles because of you.”[b](AD)

25 Circumcision has value if you observe the law,(AE) but if you break the law, you have become as though you had not been circumcised.(AF) 26 So then, if those who are not circumcised keep the law’s requirements,(AG) will they not be regarded as though they were circumcised?(AH) 27 The one who is not circumcised physically and yet obeys the law will condemn you(AI) who, even though you have the[c] written code and circumcision, are a lawbreaker.

28 A person is not a Jew who is one only outwardly,(AJ) nor is circumcision merely outward and physical.(AK) 29 No, a person is a Jew who is one inwardly; and circumcision is circumcision of the heart,(AL) by the Spirit,(AM) not by the written code.(AN) Such a person’s praise is not from other people, but from God.(AO)

Footnotes

  1. Romans 2:6 Psalm 62:12; Prov. 24:12
  2. Romans 2:24 Isaiah 52:5 (see Septuagint); Ezek. 36:20,22
  3. Romans 2:27 Or who, by means of a