Credincioşia lui Dumnezeu

Care este atunci avantajul iudeului sau care este avantajul circumciziei? Acesta e mare în toate privinţele! Mai întâi, pentru că lor le-au fost încredinţate rostirile lui Dumnezeu. Şi ce dacă unii n-au fost credincioşi? Va anula oare necredincioşia lor credincioşia lui Dumnezeu? În nici un caz! Dimpotrivă, Dumnezeu să fie găsit adevărat şi fiecare om să fie găsit mincinos, după cum este scris:

„Aşa încât Tu să poţi fi găsit drept în cuvintele Tale
    şi să fii biruitor când vei fi judecat.“[a]

Dar dacă nedreptatea noastră pune în lumină dreptatea lui Dumnezeu, ce vom zice? Nu cumva este nedrept Dumnezeu când aduce urgia? Vorbesc în felul oamenilor. În nici un caz! Atunci cum va judeca Dumnezeu lumea? Iar dacă adevărul lui Dumnezeu abundă spre slava Lui, din cauza minciunii mele, atunci de ce sunt condamnat ca păcătos? Şi de ce să nu zicem, aşa cum ne defăimează unii, zicând despre noi că spunem: „Să facem răul, ca să vină binele!“? Condamnarea lor este dreaptă!

Nici un om nu este drept

Ce urmează atunci? Suntem noi mai buni[b] decât ei? Nicidecum; căci i-am acuzat mai înainte pe toţi – atât pe iudei, cât şi pe greci – că sunt sub păcat, 10 după cum este scris:

„Nu există nici un om drept, nici unul măcar!
11 Nu există nici unul care să aibă pricepere!
    Nu există nici unul care să-L caute pe Dumnezeu!
12 Toţi s-au rătăcit, cu toţii au devenit buni de nimic!
    Nu mai există nici unul care să facă binele,
nici unul măcar![c]

13 Gâtlejul le este un mormânt deschis;
    cu limbile lor ei înşală,[d]

sub buzele lor este venin de viperă,[e]

14 gura le este plină de blestem şi amărăciune,[f]

15 picioarele lor se grăbesc să verse sânge,
16 iar pe căile lor se află prăpădul şi nenorocirea.
17 Ei nu cunosc calea păcii.[g]

18 Nu este frică de Dumnezeu înaintea ochilor lor!“[h]

19 Ştim că tot ce spune Legea, le spune celor ce sunt sub Lege, pentru ca orice gură să fie închisă şi întreaga lume să fie găsită răspunzătoare înaintea lui Dumnezeu. 20 Căci „nici o fiinţă nu va fi îndreptăţită înaintea Lui“[i] prin faptele Legii, deoarece prin Lege vine cunoaşterea păcatului.

Dreptatea lui Dumnezeu prin credinţă

21 Dar acum, independent de Lege, a fost arătată o dreptate oferită de Dumnezeu, despre care depun mărturie Legea şi Profeţii[j], 22 şi anume dreptatea oferită de Dumnezeu prin credinţa în Isus Cristos, pentru toţi cei ce cred. Nu este nici o deosebire. 23 Căci toţi au păcătuit şi sunt lipsiţi de slava lui Dumnezeu. 24 Ei sunt îndreptăţiţi fără plată, prin harul Lui, prin răscumpărarea care este în Cristos Isus, 25 pe Care Dumnezeu L-a rânduit să fie, prin credinţa în sângele Lui, o jertfă de ispăşire[k], ca dovadă a dreptăţii Sale, căci trecuse cu vederea păcatele săvârşite în trecut, 26 în vremea îngăduinţei lui Dumnezeu, pentru ca, în vremea de acum, să-Şi dovedească dreptatea, în aşa fel încât El să fie drept şi să-l îndreptăţească totodată pe cel ce are credinţă în Isus.

27 Şi atunci, unde este lauda? Este exclusă! Prin ce lege? A faptelor? Nu, ci prin legea credinţei. 28 Căci noi credem că un om este îndreptăţit prin credinţă, fără faptele Legii. 29 Sau Dumnezeu este doar al iudeilor? Nu este şi al neamurilor? Da, este şi al neamurilor, 30 întrucât Dumnezeu este Unul, şi El este Cel Care-i va îndreptăţi, prin credinţă, pe cei circumcişi şi, tot prin credinţă, şi pe cei necircumcişi. 31 Atunci anulăm noi oare Legea prin credinţă? În nici un caz, ci, mai degrabă, noi întărim Legea.

Footnotes

  1. Romani 3:4 Pavel citează din LXX, Ps. 51:4
  2. Romani 3:9 Sau: Suntem noi mai prejos; expresia în limba greacă ne permite să traducem atât cu referire la iudei, cu sens pozitiv (mai buni), cât şi cu referire la neamuri, cu sens negativ (mai prejos)
  3. Romani 3:12 Pavel citează din LXX, Ps. 14:1-3; 53:1-3; Ecl. 7:20
  4. Romani 3:13 Vezi Ps. 5:9
  5. Romani 3:13 Vezi Ps. 140:3
  6. Romani 3:14 Vezi Ps. 10:7
  7. Romani 3:17 Vezi Is. 59:7-8
  8. Romani 3:18 Vezi Ps. 36:1
  9. Romani 3:20 Vezi Ps. 143:2; Pavel foloseşte un ebraism, carne, în loc de fiinţă, cum apare în TM şi LXX, Ps. 143:2
  10. Romani 3:21 Adică Vechiul Testament, care era împărţit în trei secţiuni: Legea (Moise), Profeţii şi Scrierile; vezi texte ca Gen. 15:6; Ps. 32:1-2; Hab. 2:4
  11. Romani 3:25 Sau: un loc de ispăşire; termenul trimite la Capacul Ispăşirii (vezi Ex. 25:17-22) ; în Evr. 9:5, acelaşi termen grecesc este tradus cu Locul (Capacul) Ispăşirii

ಹೀಗಿರಲು, ಯೆಹೂದ್ಯರ ವೈಶಿಷ್ಟವೇನು? ಸುನ್ನತಿ ಮಾಡಿಸಿಕೊಂಡಿರುವುದರಲ್ಲಿ ಏನಾದರೂ ವಿಶೇಷತೆಯಿದೆಯೇ? ಹೌದು, ಯೆಹೂದ್ಯರಿಗೆ ಅನೇಕ ವಿಶೇಷತೆಗಳಿವೆ. ಎಲ್ಲಕ್ಕಿಂತಲೂ ಅತಿಮುಖ್ಯವಾದದ್ದೇನೆಂದರೆ, ದೇವರು ಯೆಹೂದ್ಯರಲ್ಲಿ ಭರವಸವಿಟ್ಟು ತನ್ನ ಉಪದೇಶಗಳನ್ನು ಅವರಿಗೆ ಕೊಟ್ಟನು. ಕೆಲವು ಯೆಹೂದ್ಯರು ದೇವರಿಗೆ ನಂಬಿಗಸ್ತರಾಗಿರಲಿಲ್ಲ ಎಂಬುದೇನೊ ಸತ್ಯ. ಆದರೆ ದೇವರು ತಾನು ಮಾಡಿದ ವಾಗ್ದಾನವನ್ನು ನೆರವೇರಿಸದಂತೆ ಅದು ಮಾಡುತ್ತದೆಯೇ? ಇಲ್ಲ! ಪ್ರತಿಯೊಬ್ಬ ವ್ಯಕ್ತಿ ಸುಳ್ಳುಗಾರನಾದರೂ ದೇವರು ಸತ್ಯವಂತನಾಗಿಯೇ ಇರುತ್ತಾನೆ. ಪವಿತ್ರ ಗ್ರಂಥವು ಹೀಗೆಂದು ಹೇಳುತ್ತದೆ:

“ನಿನ್ನ ಮಾತುಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ನೀನು ನ್ಯಾಯಸ್ಥನೆಂದು ನಿರೂಪಿತನಾಗಬೇಕು.
    ನಿನಗೆ ತೀರ್ಪಾಗುವಾಗ ನೀನು ಜಯಗಳಿಸಬೇಕು.”(A)

ದೇವರು ನ್ಯಾಯವಂತನೆಂಬುದನ್ನು ನಾವು ಮಾಡುವ ತಪ್ಪು ಮತ್ತಷ್ಟು ಸ್ಪಷ್ಟವಾಗಿ ತೋರ್ಪಡಿಸುತ್ತದೆ. ಹೀಗಿರಲು, ದೇವರು ನಮ್ಮನ್ನು ಶಿಕ್ಷಿಸುವಾಗ, ಆತನು ಅನ್ಯಾಯ ಮಾಡುತ್ತಿದ್ದಾನೆಂದು ನಾವು ಹೇಳಲು ಸಾಧ್ಯವೇ? (ಬೇರೆ ಕೆಲವು ಜನರಿಗೆ ಇರಬಹುದಾದ ಆಲೋಚನೆಯನ್ನೇ ನಾನು ಇಲ್ಲಿ ಹೇಳುತ್ತಿದ್ದೇನೆ.) ಇಲ್ಲ! ದೇವರು ನಮ್ಮನ್ನು ದಂಡಿಸಲಾಗದಿದ್ದರೆ, ದೇವರು ಲೋಕಕ್ಕೆ ತೀರ್ಪುಮಾಡಲಾಗುವುದಿಲ್ಲ.

“ನಾನಾಡುವ ಸುಳ್ಳು ದೇವರ ಸತ್ಯವನ್ನು ತೋರಿಸುವುದಾದರೆ ನನ್ನ ಸುಳ್ಳಿನಿಂದ ದೇವರಿಗೆ ನಿಜವಾಗಿಯೂ ಮಹಿಮೆಯಾಗುತ್ತದೆ. ಹೀಗಿರಲು ನನಗೆ ‘ಪಾಪಿ’ ಎಂಬ ತೀರ್ಪಾಗುವುದೇಕೆ?” ಎಂದು ಒಬ್ಬನು ಕೇಳಬಹುದು. “ಒಳ್ಳೆಯದಾಗುವಂತೆ ನಾವು ಕೇಡುಮಾಡೋಣ” ಎಂದು ಹೇಳುವುದಕ್ಕೂ ಅದಕ್ಕೂ ಯಾವ ವ್ಯತ್ಯಾಸವಿಲ್ಲ. ಅನೇಕ ಜನರು ನಮ್ಮನ್ನು ಟೀಕಿಸುತ್ತಾರೆ ಮತ್ತು ನಾವು ಅಂಥ ಸಂಗತಿಗಳನ್ನು ಬೋಧಿಸುತ್ತೇವೆ ಎಂದು ಹೇಳುತ್ತಾರೆ. ಆ ಜನರು ತಪ್ಪಿತಸ್ಥರಾಗಿದ್ದಾರೆ. ಅವರಿಗೆ ದಂಡನೆಯಾಗಲೇಬೇಕು.

ಎಲ್ಲಾ ಜನರು ಅಪರಾಧಿಗಳಾಗಿದ್ದಾರೆ

ಹೀಗಿರಲು, ಯೆಹೂದ್ಯರಾದ ನಾವು ಬೇರೆಯವರಿಗಿಂತ ಉತ್ತಮರಾಗಿದ್ದೇವೋ? ಇಲ್ಲ! ಯೆಹೂದ್ಯರಿಗೂ ಯೆಹೂದ್ಯರಲ್ಲದವರಿಗೂ ಯಾವ ವ್ಯತ್ಯಾಸವಿಲ್ಲವೆಂದು ಆಗಲೇ ನಿರೂಪಿಸಿದ್ದೇನೆ. ಅವರೆಲ್ಲರೂ ಪಾಪಮಾಡಿ ಅಪರಾಧಿಗಳಾಗಿದ್ದಾರೆ. 10 ಪವಿತ್ರ ಗ್ರಂಥವು ಹೀಗೆ ಹೇಳುತ್ತದೆ:

“ಪಾಪವಿಲ್ಲದ ಒಬ್ಬನೂ ಇಲ್ಲ. ಇಲ್ಲವೇ ಇಲ್ಲ!
11     ಅರ್ಥಮಾಡಿಕೊಳ್ಳುವ ಒಬ್ಬನೂ ಇಲ್ಲ.
ದೇವರೊಂದಿಗಿರಲು ನಿಜವಾಗಿ ಬಯಸುವ ಒಬ್ಬನೂ ಇಲ್ಲ.
12 ಎಲ್ಲಾ ಜನರು ದಾರಿ ತಪ್ಪಿದ್ದಾರೆ.
    ಎಲ್ಲಾ ಜನರು ಅಯೋಗ್ಯರಾಗಿದ್ದಾರೆ.
ಒಳ್ಳೆಯದನ್ನು ಮಾಡುವ ಒಬ್ಬನೂ ಇಲ್ಲ. ಇಲ್ಲವೇ ಇಲ್ಲ!”(B)

13 “ಜನರ ಬಾಯಿಗಳು ತೆರೆದ ಸಮಾಧಿಗಳಂತಿವೆ.
    ಅವರು ಸುಳ್ಳು ಹೇಳಲು ತಮ್ಮ ನಾಲಿಗೆಗಳನ್ನು ಬಳಸುತ್ತಾರೆ.”(C)

“ಅವರು ಹೇಳುವ ಸಂಗತಿಗಳು ವಿಷಪೂರಿತವಾದ ಹಾವುಗಳಂತಿವೆ.”(D)

14 “ಅವರ ಬಾಯಿಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಶಾಪವೂ ಕಠೋರತೆಯೂ ತುಂಬಿವೆ.”(E)

15 “ಹಿಂಸಿಸಲು ಮತ್ತು ಕೊಲ್ಲಲು ಜನರು ಯಾವಾಗಲೂ ಸಿದ್ಧರಾಗಿದ್ದಾರೆ.
16     ಅವರು ಹೋದಲ್ಲೆಲ್ಲಾ ನಾಶನವನ್ನೂ ಸಂಕಟವನ್ನೂ ಬರಮಾಡುತ್ತಾರೆ.
17 ಜನರು ಶಾಂತಿಯ ಮಾರ್ಗವನ್ನು ತಿಳಿದಿಲ್ಲ.”(F)

18 “ಅವರಿಗೆ ದೇವರಲ್ಲಿ ಭಯವಾಗಲಿ ಗೌರವವಾಗಲಿ ಇಲ್ಲ.”(G)

19 ಧರ್ಮಶಾಸ್ತ್ರದ ಅಧೀನದಲ್ಲಿರುವ ಜನರ ವಿಷಯವಾಗಿಯೇ ಧರ್ಮಶಾಸ್ತ್ರವು ಈ ಸಂಗತಿಯನ್ನು ಹೇಳುತ್ತಿದೆ. ಆದ್ದರಿಂದ ಯೆಹೂದ್ಯರು ನೆವ ಹೇಳಲು ಸಾದ್ಯವಿಲ್ಲ. ಅಲ್ಲದೆ ಇಡೀ ಲೋಕವೇ ದೇವರ ನ್ಯಾಯತೀರ್ಪಿಗೆ ಒಳಗಾಗಿದೆ. 20 ಏಕೆಂದರೆ ಧರ್ಮಶಾಸ್ತ್ರವನ್ನು ಅನುಸರಿಸುವುದರ ಮೂಲಕ ನೀತಿವಂತರಾಗಲು ಯಾರಿಗೂ ಸಾಧ್ಯವಿಲ್ಲ. ಧರ್ಮಶಾಸ್ತ್ರವು ನಮ್ಮ ಪಾಪವನ್ನು ಮಾತ್ರ ತೋರ್ಪಡಿಸುತ್ತದೆ.

ದೇವರು ಜನರನ್ನು ನೀತಿವಂತರನ್ನಾಗಿ ಮಾಡುವ ಬಗೆ

21 ಆದರೆ ಈಗ ದೇವರು ಧರ್ಮಶಾಸ್ತ್ರದ ನೆರವಿಲ್ಲದೆಯೇ ಜನರನ್ನು ನೀತಿವಂತರನ್ನಾಗಿ ಮಾಡುವ ಮಾರ್ಗವನ್ನು ತೋರಿಸಿದ್ದಾನೆ. ಧರ್ಮಶಾಸ್ತ್ರ ಮತ್ತು ಪ್ರವಾದಿಗಳು ಈ ಹೊಸ ಮಾರ್ಗದ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ನಮಗೆ ಹೇಳಿದ್ದಾರೆ. 22 ನಂಬಿಕೆಯ ಮೂಲಕವಾಗಿ ಅಂದರೆ ಯೇಸು ಕ್ರಿಸ್ತನಲ್ಲಿ ನಂಬಿಕೆ ಇಡುವ ಎಲ್ಲಾ ಜನರನ್ನು ದೇವರು ನೀತಿವಂತರನ್ನಾಗಿ ಮಾಡುತ್ತಾನೆ. ಆತನಿಗೆ ಎಲ್ಲಾ ಜನರು ಒಂದೇ. 23 ಎಲ್ಲರೂ ಪಾಪಮಾಡಿ ದೇವರ ಮಹಿಮೆಯನ್ನು ಹೊಂದದವರಾಗಿದ್ದಾರೆ. 24 ಅವರು ನೀತಿವಂತರೆಂದು ನಿರ್ಣಯ ಹೊಂದುವುದು ದೇವರ ಉಚಿತಾರ್ಥವರವಾದ ಕೃಪೆಯಿಂದಲೇ. ದೇವರು ಯೇಸು ಕ್ರಿಸ್ತನ ಮೂಲಕವಾಗಿ ಜನರನ್ನು ಪಾಪದಿಂದ ಬಿಡುಗಡೆ ಮಾಡಿ, ನೀತಿವಂತರನ್ನಾಗಿ ಮಾಡುತ್ತಾನೆ. 25 ದೇವರು ನಂಬಿಕೆಯ ಮೂಲಕ ಜನರ ಪಾಪಗಳನ್ನು ಕ್ಷಮಿಸುವ ಮಾರ್ಗವನ್ನು ಮಾಡಿದ್ದಾನೆ. ಆ ಮಾರ್ಗವೇ ಯೇಸು. ದೇವರು ಯೇಸುವಿನ ರಕ್ತದ ಮೂಲಕ ಪಾಪವನ್ನು ಕ್ಷಮಿಸುತ್ತಾನೆ. ದೇವರು ಮಾಡುವಂಥದ್ದು ಯಾವಾಗಲೂ ಸರಿಯಾಗಿರುತ್ತದೆ ಮತ್ತು ನ್ಯಾಯಬದ್ಧವಾಗಿರುತ್ತದೆ ಎಂಬುದನ್ನು ಇದು ತೋರಿಸುತ್ತದೆ. ದೇವರು ಹಿಂದಿನ ಕಾಲದಲ್ಲಿ ತಾಳ್ಮೆಯಿಂದಿದ್ದು ಜನರನ್ನು ಅವರ ಪಾಪಗಳಿಗಾಗಿ ದಂಡಿಸದೆ ಹೋದಾಗಲೂ ದೇವರು ನೀತಿವಂತನಾಗಿದ್ದನು. 26 ಹೀಗೆ ದೇವರು ತಾನೇ ನೀತಿವಂತನೆಂಬುದನ್ನು ಮತ್ತು ಯೇಸುವಿನಲ್ಲಿ ನಂಬಿಕೆಯಿಡುವ ಯಾವನನ್ನೇ ಆಗಲಿ ನೀತಿವಂತನನ್ನಾಗಿ ಮಾಡುತ್ತೇನೆಂಬದನ್ನು ನಿರೂಪಿಸಿದ್ದಾನೆ.

27 ಹೀಗಿರಲು, ನಮ್ಮ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಹೊಗಳಿಕೊಳ್ಳಲು ನಮಗೆ ಏನಾದರೂ ಕಾರಣಗಳಿವೆಯೋ? ಇಲ್ಲ! ಏಕೆ? ಎಲ್ಲಾ ಹೊಗಳಿಕೆಯನ್ನು ನಿಲ್ಲಿಸುವಂಥದ್ದು ನಂಬಿಕೆಯ ಮಾರ್ಗವೇ ಹೊರತು ಧರ್ಮಶಾಸ್ತ್ರವನ್ನು ಅನುಸರಿಸುವ ಮಾರ್ಗವಲ್ಲ. 28 ಏಕೆಂದರೆ ಒಬ್ಬನು ನೀತಿವಂತನಾಗುವುದು ನಂಬಿಕೆಯ ಮೂಲಕವೇ ಹೊರತು ಧರ್ಮಶಾಸ್ತ್ರವನ್ನು ಅನುಸರಿಸಲು ಅವನು ಮಾಡಿದ ಕಾರ್ಯಗಳಿಂದಲ್ಲ. ನಾವು ನಂಬುವುದೂ ಇದನ್ನೇ. 29 ದೇವರು ಕೇವಲ ಯೆಹೂದ್ಯರ ದೇವರಲ್ಲ. ಆತನು ಯೆಹೂದ್ಯರಲ್ಲದವರಿಗೂ ಸಹ ದೇವರಾಗಿದ್ದಾನೆ. 30 ದೇವರು ಒಬ್ಬನೇ. ಆತನು ಯೆಹೂದ್ಯರನ್ನೂ ಯೆಹೂದ್ಯರಲ್ಲದವರನ್ನೂ ಅವರ ನಂಬಿಕೆಯ ಮೂಲಕ ನೀತಿವಂತರನ್ನಾಗಿ ಮಾಡುತ್ತಾನೆ. 31 ಹೀಗಿರಲು, ನಂಬಿಕೆಯ ಮಾರ್ಗವನ್ನು ಅನುಸರಿಸುವುದರ ಮೂಲಕ ನಾವು ಧರ್ಮಶಾಸ್ತ್ರವನ್ನು ಅಲ್ಲಗಳೆಯುತ್ತೇವೋ? ಇಲ್ಲ! ನಾವು ಧರ್ಮಶಾಸ್ತ್ರವನ್ನು ಸಮರ್ಥಿಸುತ್ತೇವೆ.

What advantage then hath the Jew? or what profit is there of circumcision?

Much every way: chiefly, because that unto them were committed the oracles of God.

For what if some did not believe? shall their unbelief make the faith of God without effect?

God forbid: yea, let God be true, but every man a liar; as it is written, That thou mightest be justified in thy sayings, and mightest overcome when thou art judged.

But if our unrighteousness commend the righteousness of God, what shall we say? Is God unrighteous who taketh vengeance? (I speak as a man)

God forbid: for then how shall God judge the world?

For if the truth of God hath more abounded through my lie unto his glory; why yet am I also judged as a sinner?

And not rather, (as we be slanderously reported, and as some affirm that we say,) Let us do evil, that good may come? whose damnation is just.

What then? are we better than they? No, in no wise: for we have before proved both Jews and Gentiles, that they are all under sin;

10 As it is written, There is none righteous, no, not one:

11 There is none that understandeth, there is none that seeketh after God.

12 They are all gone out of the way, they are together become unprofitable; there is none that doeth good, no, not one.

13 Their throat is an open sepulchre; with their tongues they have used deceit; the poison of asps is under their lips:

14 Whose mouth is full of cursing and bitterness:

15 Their feet are swift to shed blood:

16 Destruction and misery are in their ways:

17 And the way of peace have they not known:

18 There is no fear of God before their eyes.

19 Now we know that what things soever the law saith, it saith to them who are under the law: that every mouth may be stopped, and all the world may become guilty before God.

20 Therefore by the deeds of the law there shall no flesh be justified in his sight: for by the law is the knowledge of sin.

21 But now the righteousness of God without the law is manifested, being witnessed by the law and the prophets;

22 Even the righteousness of God which is by faith of Jesus Christ unto all and upon all them that believe: for there is no difference:

23 For all have sinned, and come short of the glory of God;

24 Being justified freely by his grace through the redemption that is in Christ Jesus:

25 Whom God hath set forth to be a propitiation through faith in his blood, to declare his righteousness for the remission of sins that are past, through the forbearance of God;

26 To declare, I say, at this time his righteousness: that he might be just, and the justifier of him which believeth in Jesus.

27 Where is boasting then? It is excluded. By what law? of works? Nay: but by the law of faith.

28 Therefore we conclude that a man is justified by faith without the deeds of the law.

29 Is he the God of the Jews only? is he not also of the Gentiles? Yes, of the Gentiles also:

30 Seeing it is one God, which shall justify the circumcision by faith, and uncircumcision through faith.

31 Do we then make void the law through faith? God forbid: yea, we establish the law.