Romains 11
La Bible du Semeur
Le reste d’Israël
11 Je demande donc : Dieu aurait-il rejeté son peuple ? Assurément pas ! En effet, ne suis-je pas moi-même Israélite, descendant d’Abraham, de la tribu de Benjamin ? 2 Non, Dieu n’a pas rejeté son peuple qu’il s’est choisi d’avance. Rappelez-vous ce que dit l’Ecriture dans le passage rapportant l’histoire d’Elie dans lequel celui-ci se plaint à Dieu au sujet d’Israël : 3 Seigneur, ils ont tué tes prophètes, ils ont démoli tes autels. Et moi, je suis resté tout seul, et voilà qu’ils en veulent à ma vie[a].
4 Eh bien ! quelle a été la réponse de Dieu ? J’ai gardé en réserve pour moi sept mille hommes qui ne se sont pas prosternés devant le dieu Baal[b].
5 Il en est de même dans le temps présent : il subsiste un reste que Dieu a librement choisi dans sa grâce. 6 Or, puisque c’est par grâce, cela ne peut pas venir des œuvres, ou alors la grâce n’est plus la grâce.
7 Que s’est-il donc passé ? Ce que le peuple d’Israël cherchait, il ne l’a pas trouvé ; seuls ceux que Dieu a choisis l’ont obtenu. Les autres ont été rendus incapables de comprendre, conformément à ce qui est écrit :
8 Dieu a frappé leur esprit de torpeur, leurs yeux de cécité et leurs oreilles de surdité,
et il en est ainsi jusqu’à ce jour[c] .
9 De même David déclare :
Que leurs banquets deviennent pour eux un piège, un filet,
une cause de chute, et qu’ils y trouvent leur châtiment.
10 Que leurs yeux s’obscurcissent ╵au point de ne plus voir,
fais-leur courber le dos ╵continuellement[d]!
La chute d’Israël n’est pas définitive
11 Je demande alors : si les Israélites ont trébuché, est-ce pour tomber définitivement ? Loin de là ! Par leur faute, le salut est devenu accessible aux païens, ce qui excitera leur jalousie. 12 Et si leur faute a fait la richesse du monde, et leur déchéance la richesse des non-Juifs, quelle richesse plus grande encore n’y aura-t-il pas dans leur complet rétablissement ?
13 Je m’adresse particulièrement ici à vous qui êtes d’origine païenne : dans la mesure même où je suis l’apôtre des non-Juifs, je me fais une idée d’autant plus haute de mon ministère 14 que je parviendrai peut-être, en l’exerçant, à rendre jaloux ceux de mon peuple et à en conduire ainsi quelques-uns au salut. 15 Car si leur mise à l’écart a entraîné la réconciliation du monde, quel sera l’effet de leur réintégration ? Rien de moins qu’une résurrection d’entre les morts ! 16 En effet, si les prémices du pain offert à Dieu sont consacrées, toute la pâte l’est aussi. Si la racine est consacrée, les branches le sont aussi[e].
17 Ainsi en est-il d’Israël : quelques branches ont été coupées. Et toi qui, par ton origine païenne, étais comme un rameau d’olivier sauvage, tu as été greffé parmi les branches restantes, et voici que tu as part avec elles à la sève qui monte de la racine de l’olivier cultivé. 18 Ne te mets pas, pour autant, à te vanter aux dépens des branches coupées[f]. Et si tu es tenté par un tel orgueil, souviens-toi que ce n’est pas toi qui portes la racine, c’est elle qui te porte !
19 Peut-être vas-tu dire : si des branches ont été coupées, c’est pour que je puisse être greffé. 20 Bien ! Mais elles ont été coupées à cause de leur incrédulité ; et toi, c’est à cause de ta foi que tu tiens. Ne sois donc pas orgueilleux ! Sois plutôt sur tes gardes ! 21 Car si Dieu n’a pas épargné les branches naturelles, il ne t’épargnera pas non plus[g]. 22 Considère donc, à la fois, la bonté et la sévérité de Dieu : sévérité à l’égard de ceux qui sont tombés, bonté à ton égard aussi longtemps que tu t’attaches à cette bonté. Sinon, toi aussi, tu seras retranché.
23 En ce qui concerne les Israélites, s’ils ne demeurent pas dans leur incrédulité, ils seront regreffés. Car Dieu a le pouvoir de les greffer de nouveau. 24 En effet, toi, tu as été coupé de l’olivier sauvage auquel tu appartenais par ta nature, pour être greffé, contrairement à ta nature, sur l’olivier cultivé : à combien plus forte raison les branches qui proviennent de cet olivier seront-elles greffées sur lui !
« Tout Israël sera sauvé »
25 Frères et sœurs, je ne veux pas que vous restiez dans l’ignorance de ce mystère, pour que vous ne croyiez pas détenir en vous-mêmes une sagesse supérieure : l’endurcissement d’une partie d’Israël durera jusqu’à ce que l’ensemble des non-Juifs soit entré dans le peuple de Dieu, 26 et ainsi, tout Israël sera sauvé. C’est là ce que dit l’Ecriture :
De Sion[h] viendra le Libérateur ;
il éloignera de Jacob toute désobéissance.
27 Et voici en quoi consistera mon alliance avec eux[i] :
c’est que j’enlèverai leurs péchés[j] .
28 Si l’on se place du point de vue de l’Evangile, ils sont devenus ennemis de Dieu pour que vous en bénéficiiez. Mais du point de vue du libre choix de Dieu, ils restent ses bien-aimés à cause de leurs ancêtres. 29 Car les dons de la grâce et l’appel de Dieu sont irrévocables. 30 Vous-mêmes, en effet, vous avez désobéi à Dieu autrefois et maintenant Dieu vous a fait grâce en se servant de leur désobéissance. 31 De la même façon[k], si leur désobéissance actuelle a pour conséquence votre pardon, c’est pour que Dieu leur pardonne à eux aussi[l]. 32 Car Dieu a emprisonné tous les hommes dans la désobéissance afin de faire grâce à tous.
33 Combien grandes sont les richesses de Dieu, combien profondes sa sagesse et sa science ! Nul ne peut sonder ses jugements. Nul ne peut découvrir ses plans. 34 Car,
Qui a connu la pensée du Seigneur ?
Qui a été son conseiller[m] ?
35 Qui lui a fait des dons
pour devoir être payé de retour[n] ?
36 En effet, tout vient de lui, tout subsiste par lui et pour lui. A lui soit la gloire à jamais ! Amen.
Footnotes
- 11.3 1 R 19.10.
- 11.4 1 R 19.18.
- 11.8 Dt 29.3 ; Es 29.10.
- 11.10 Ps 69.23-24 cité selon l’ancienne version grecque.
- 11.16 Voir Nb 15.19-21. Les prémices et la racine peuvent représenter les patriarches (v. 28).
- 11.18 Autre traduction : les branches d’origine.
- 11.21 Certains manuscrits ont : prends garde, de peur qu’il ne t’épargne pas non plus.
- 11.26 Autre traduction : A cause de Sion.
- 11.27 Es 59.20-21 cité selon l’ancienne version grecque.
- 11.27 Es 27.9 cité selon l’ancienne version grecque. Voir Jr 31.33-34.
- 11.31 Plusieurs manuscrits ajoutent : maintenant.
- 11.31 Autres traductions : De la même façon, eux ont maintenant désobéi afin que, par le pardon que vous avez obtenu, ils obtiennent à leur tour le pardon de Dieu, ou : …ils obtiennent maintenant à leur tour….
- 11.34 Es 40.13 cité selon l’ancienne version grecque.
- 11.35 Jb 41.3.
Romans 11
Common English Bible
Israel and God’s faithfulness
11 So I ask you, has God rejected his people? Absolutely not! I’m an Israelite, a descendant of Abraham, from the tribe of Benjamin. 2 God hasn’t rejected his people, whom he knew in advance. Or don’t you know what the scripture says in the case of Elijah, when he pleads with God against Israel? 3 Lord, they have killed your prophets, and they have torn down your altars. I’m the only one left, and they are trying to take my life.[a] 4 But what is God’s reply to him? I have kept for myself seven thousand people who haven’t bowed their knees to Baal.[b] 5 So also in the present time there is a remaining group by the choice of God’s grace. 6 But if it is by grace, it isn’t by what’s done anymore. If it were, God’s grace wouldn’t be grace.
7 So what? Israel didn’t find what it was looking for. Those who were chosen found it, but the others were resistant. 8 As it is written, God gave them a dull spirit, so that their eyes would not see and their ears not hear, right up until the present day.[c] 9 And David says,
Their table should become a pitfall and a trap,
a stumbling block and payback to them for what they have done.
10 Their eyes should be darkened so they can’t see,
and their backs always bent.[d]
11 So I’m asking you: They haven’t stumbled so that they’ve fallen permanently, have they? Absolutely not! But salvation has come to the Gentiles by their failure, in order to make Israel jealous. 12 But if their failure brings riches to the world, and their defeat brings riches to the Gentiles, how much more will come from the completion of their number! 13 I’m speaking to you Gentiles. Considering that I’m an apostle to the Gentiles, I publicize my own ministry 14 in the hope that somehow I might make my own people jealous and save some of them. 15 If their rejection has brought about a close relationship between God and the world, how can their acceptance mean anything less than life from the dead?
16 But if part of a batch of dough is offered to God as holy, the whole batch of dough is holy too. If a root is holy, the branches will be holy too. 17 If some of the branches were broken off, and you were a wild olive branch, and you were grafted in among the other branches and shared the root that produces the rich oil of the olive tree, 18 then don’t brag like you’re better than the other branches. If you do brag, be careful: it’s not you that sustains the root, but it’s the root that sustains you. 19 You will say then, “Branches were broken off so that I could be grafted in.” 20 Fine. They were broken off because they weren’t faithful, but you stand only by your faithfulness.[e] So don’t think in a proud way; instead be afraid. 21 If God didn’t spare the natural branches, he won’t spare you either. 22 So look at God’s kindness and harshness. It’s harshness toward those who fell, but it’s God’s kindness for you, provided you continue in his kindness; otherwise, you could be cut off too. 23 And even those who were cut off will be grafted back in if they don’t continue to be unfaithful, because God is able to graft them in again. 24 If you were naturally part of a wild olive tree and you were cut off from it, and then, contrary to nature, you were grafted into the cultivated olive tree, won’t these natural branches stand an even better chance of being grafted back onto their own olive tree?
All Israel will be saved
25 I don’t want you to be unaware of this secret,[f] brothers and sisters. That way you won’t think too highly of yourselves. A part of Israel has become resistant until the full number of the Gentiles comes in. 26 In this way, all Israel will be saved, as it is written:
The deliverer will come from Zion.
He will remove ungodly behavior from Jacob.
27 This is my covenant with them,
when I take away their sins.[g]
28 According to the gospel, they are enemies for your sake, but according to God’s choice, they are loved for the sake of their ancestors. 29 God’s gifts and calling can’t be taken back. 30 Once you were disobedient to God, but now you have mercy because they were disobedient. 31 In the same way, they have also been disobedient because of the mercy that you received, so now they can receive mercy too. 32 God has locked up all people in disobedience, in order to have mercy on all of them.
33 God’s riches, wisdom, and knowledge are so deep! They are as mysterious as his judgments, and they are as hard to track as his paths!
34 Who has known the Lord’s mind?
Or who has been his mentor?[h]
35 Or who has given him a gift
and has been paid back by him?[i]
36 All things are from him and through him and for him.
May the glory be to him forever. Amen.
Footnotes
Romans 11
New International Version
The Remnant of Israel
11 I ask then: Did God reject his people? By no means!(A) I am an Israelite myself, a descendant of Abraham,(B) from the tribe of Benjamin.(C) 2 God did not reject his people,(D) whom he foreknew.(E) Don’t you know what Scripture says in the passage about Elijah—how he appealed to God against Israel: 3 “Lord, they have killed your prophets and torn down your altars; I am the only one left, and they are trying to kill me”[a]?(F) 4 And what was God’s answer to him? “I have reserved for myself seven thousand who have not bowed the knee to Baal.”[b](G) 5 So too, at the present time there is a remnant(H) chosen by grace.(I) 6 And if by grace, then it cannot be based on works;(J) if it were, grace would no longer be grace.
7 What then? What the people of Israel sought so earnestly they did not obtain.(K) The elect among them did, but the others were hardened,(L) 8 as it is written:
“God gave them a spirit of stupor,
eyes that could not see
and ears that could not hear,(M)
to this very day.”[c](N)
9 And David says:
“May their table become a snare and a trap,
a stumbling block and a retribution for them.
10 May their eyes be darkened so they cannot see,(O)
and their backs be bent forever.”[d](P)
Ingrafted Branches
11 Again I ask: Did they stumble so as to fall beyond recovery? Not at all!(Q) Rather, because of their transgression, salvation has come to the Gentiles(R) to make Israel envious.(S) 12 But if their transgression means riches for the world, and their loss means riches for the Gentiles,(T) how much greater riches will their full inclusion bring!
13 I am talking to you Gentiles. Inasmuch as I am the apostle to the Gentiles,(U) I take pride in my ministry 14 in the hope that I may somehow arouse my own people to envy(V) and save(W) some of them. 15 For if their rejection brought reconciliation(X) to the world, what will their acceptance be but life from the dead?(Y) 16 If the part of the dough offered as firstfruits(Z) is holy, then the whole batch is holy; if the root is holy, so are the branches.
17 If some of the branches have been broken off,(AA) and you, though a wild olive shoot, have been grafted in among the others(AB) and now share in the nourishing sap from the olive root, 18 do not consider yourself to be superior to those other branches. If you do, consider this: You do not support the root, but the root supports you.(AC) 19 You will say then, “Branches were broken off so that I could be grafted in.” 20 Granted. But they were broken off because of unbelief, and you stand by faith.(AD) Do not be arrogant,(AE) but tremble.(AF) 21 For if God did not spare the natural branches, he will not spare you either.
22 Consider therefore the kindness(AG) and sternness of God: sternness to those who fell, but kindness to you, provided that you continue(AH) in his kindness. Otherwise, you also will be cut off.(AI) 23 And if they do not persist in unbelief, they will be grafted in, for God is able to graft them in again.(AJ) 24 After all, if you were cut out of an olive tree that is wild by nature, and contrary to nature were grafted into a cultivated olive tree,(AK) how much more readily will these, the natural branches, be grafted into their own olive tree!
All Israel Will Be Saved
25 I do not want you to be ignorant(AL) of this mystery,(AM) brothers and sisters, so that you may not be conceited:(AN) Israel has experienced a hardening(AO) in part until the full number of the Gentiles has come in,(AP) 26 and in this way[e] all Israel will be saved.(AQ) As it is written:
“The deliverer will come from Zion;
he will turn godlessness away from Jacob.
27 And this is[f] my covenant with them
when I take away their sins.”[g](AR)
28 As far as the gospel is concerned, they are enemies(AS) for your sake; but as far as election is concerned, they are loved on account of the patriarchs,(AT) 29 for God’s gifts and his call(AU) are irrevocable.(AV) 30 Just as you who were at one time disobedient(AW) to God have now received mercy as a result of their disobedience, 31 so they too have now become disobedient in order that they too may now[h] receive mercy as a result of God’s mercy to you. 32 For God has bound everyone over to disobedience(AX) so that he may have mercy on them all.
Doxology
33 Oh, the depth of the riches(AY) of the wisdom and[i] knowledge of God!(AZ)
How unsearchable his judgments,
and his paths beyond tracing out!(BA)
34 “Who has known the mind of the Lord?
Or who has been his counselor?”[j](BB)
35 “Who has ever given to God,
that God should repay them?”[k](BC)
36 For from him and through him and for him are all things.(BD)
To him be the glory forever! Amen.(BE)
Footnotes
- Romans 11:3 1 Kings 19:10,14
- Romans 11:4 1 Kings 19:18
- Romans 11:8 Deut. 29:4; Isaiah 29:10
- Romans 11:10 Psalm 69:22,23
- Romans 11:26 Or and so
- Romans 11:27 Or will be
- Romans 11:27 Isaiah 59:20,21; 27:9 (see Septuagint); Jer. 31:33,34
- Romans 11:31 Some manuscripts do not have now.
- Romans 11:33 Or riches and the wisdom and the
- Romans 11:34 Isaiah 40:13
- Romans 11:35 Job 41:11
Romans 11
King James Version
11 I say then, Hath God cast away his people? God forbid. For I also am an Israelite, of the seed of Abraham, of the tribe of Benjamin.
2 God hath not cast away his people which he foreknew. Wot ye not what the scripture saith of Elias? how he maketh intercession to God against Israel saying,
3 Lord, they have killed thy prophets, and digged down thine altars; and I am left alone, and they seek my life.
4 But what saith the answer of God unto him? I have reserved to myself seven thousand men, who have not bowed the knee to the image of Baal.
5 Even so then at this present time also there is a remnant according to the election of grace.
6 And if by grace, then is it no more of works: otherwise grace is no more grace. But if it be of works, then it is no more grace: otherwise work is no more work.
7 What then? Israel hath not obtained that which he seeketh for; but the election hath obtained it, and the rest were blinded.
8 (According as it is written, God hath given them the spirit of slumber, eyes that they should not see, and ears that they should not hear;) unto this day.
9 And David saith, Let their table be made a snare, and a trap, and a stumblingblock, and a recompence unto them:
10 Let their eyes be darkened, that they may not see, and bow down their back alway.
11 I say then, Have they stumbled that they should fall? God forbid: but rather through their fall salvation is come unto the Gentiles, for to provoke them to jealousy.
12 Now if the fall of them be the riches of the world, and the diminishing of them the riches of the Gentiles; how much more their fulness?
13 For I speak to you Gentiles, inasmuch as I am the apostle of the Gentiles, I magnify mine office:
14 If by any means I may provoke to emulation them which are my flesh, and might save some of them.
15 For if the casting away of them be the reconciling of the world, what shall the receiving of them be, but life from the dead?
16 For if the firstfruit be holy, the lump is also holy: and if the root be holy, so are the branches.
17 And if some of the branches be broken off, and thou, being a wild olive tree, wert grafted in among them, and with them partakest of the root and fatness of the olive tree;
18 Boast not against the branches. But if thou boast, thou bearest not the root, but the root thee.
19 Thou wilt say then, The branches were broken off, that I might be grafted in.
20 Well; because of unbelief they were broken off, and thou standest by faith. Be not highminded, but fear:
21 For if God spared not the natural branches, take heed lest he also spare not thee.
22 Behold therefore the goodness and severity of God: on them which fell, severity; but toward thee, goodness, if thou continue in his goodness: otherwise thou also shalt be cut off.
23 And they also, if they abide not still in unbelief, shall be grafted in: for God is able to graft them in again.
24 For if thou wert cut out of the olive tree which is wild by nature, and wert grafted contrary to nature into a good olive tree: how much more shall these, which be the natural branches, be grafted into their own olive tree?
25 For I would not, brethren, that ye should be ignorant of this mystery, lest ye should be wise in your own conceits; that blindness in part is happened to Israel, until the fulness of the Gentiles be come in.
26 And so all Israel shall be saved: as it is written, There shall come out of Sion the Deliverer, and shall turn away ungodliness from Jacob:
27 For this is my covenant unto them, when I shall take away their sins.
28 As concerning the gospel, they are enemies for your sakes: but as touching the election, they are beloved for the father's sakes.
29 For the gifts and calling of God are without repentance.
30 For as ye in times past have not believed God, yet have now obtained mercy through their unbelief:
31 Even so have these also now not believed, that through your mercy they also may obtain mercy.
32 For God hath concluded them all in unbelief, that he might have mercy upon all.
33 O the depth of the riches both of the wisdom and knowledge of God! how unsearchable are his judgments, and his ways past finding out!
34 For who hath known the mind of the Lord? or who hath been his counsellor?
35 Or who hath first given to him, and it shall be recompensed unto him again?
36 For of him, and through him, and to him, are all things: to whom be glory for ever. Amen.
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