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11 Je dis donc: Dieu a-t-il rejeté son peuple? Loin de là! Car moi aussi je suis Israélite, de la postérité d'Abraham, de la tribu de Benjamin.

Dieu n'a point rejeté son peuple, qu'il a connu d'avance. Ne savez-vous pas ce que l'Écriture rapporte d'Élie, comment il adresse à Dieu cette plainte contre Israël:

Seigneur, ils ont tué tes prophètes, ils ont renversé tes autels; je suis resté moi seul, et ils cherchent à m'ôter la vie?

Mais quelle réponse Dieu lui fait-il? Je me suis réservé sept mille hommes, qui n'ont point fléchi le genou devant Baal.

De même aussi dans le temps présent il y un reste, selon l'élection de la grâce.

Or, si c'est par grâce, ce n'est plus par les oeuvres; autrement la grâce n'est plus une grâce. Et si c'est par les oeuvres, ce n'est plus une grâce; autrement l'oeuvre n'est plus une oeuvre.

Quoi donc? Ce qu'Israël cherche, il ne l'a pas obtenu, mais l'élection l'a obtenu, tandis que les autres ont été endurcis,

selon qu'il est écrit: Dieu leur a donné un esprit d'assoupissement, Des yeux pour ne point voir, Et des oreilles pour ne point entendre, Jusqu'à ce jour. Et David dit:

Que leur table soit pour eux un piège, Un filet, une occasion de chute, et une rétribution!

10 Que leurs yeux soient obscurcis pour ne point voir, Et tiens leur dos continuellement courbé!

11 Je dis donc: Est-ce pour tomber qu'ils ont bronché? Loin de là! Mais, par leur chute, le salut est devenu accessible aux païens, afin qu'ils fussent excités à la jalousie.

12 Or, si leur chute a été la richesse du monde, et leur amoindrissement la richesse des païens, combien plus en sera-t-il ainsi quand ils se convertiront tous.

13 Je vous le dis à vous, païens: en tant que je suis apôtre des païens, je glorifie mon ministère,

14 afin, s'il est possible, d'exciter la jalousie de ceux de ma race, et d'en sauver quelques-uns.

15 Car si leur rejet a été la réconciliation du monde, que sera leur réintégration, sinon une vie d'entre les morts?

16 Or, si les prémices sont saintes, la masse l'est aussi; et si la racine est sainte, les branches le sont aussi.

17 Mais si quelques-unes des branches ont été retranchées, et si toi, qui était un olivier sauvage, tu as été enté à leur place, et rendu participant de la racine et de la graisse de l'olivier,

18 ne te glorifie pas aux dépens de ces branches. Si tu te glorifies, sache que ce n'est pas toi qui portes la racine, mais que c'est la racine qui te porte.

19 Tu diras donc: Les branches ont été retranchées, afin que moi je fusse enté.

20 Cela est vrai; elles ont été retranchées pour cause d'incrédulité, et toi, tu subsistes par la foi. Ne t'abandonne pas à l'orgueil, mais crains;

21 car si Dieu n'a pas épargné les branches naturelles, il ne t'épargnera pas non plus.

22 Considère donc la bonté et la sévérité de Dieu: sévérité envers ceux qui sont tombés, et bonté de Dieu envers toi, si tu demeures ferme dans cette bonté; autrement, tu seras aussi retranché.

23 Eux de même, s'ils ne persistent pas dans l'incrédulité, ils seront entés; car Dieu est puissant pour les enter de nouveau.

24 Si toi, tu as été coupé de l'olivier naturellement sauvage, et enté contrairement à ta nature sur l'olivier franc, à plus forte raison eux seront-ils entés selon leur nature sur leur propre olivier.

25 Car je ne veux pas, frères, que vous ignoriez ce mystère, afin que vous ne vous regardiez point comme sages, c'est qu'une partie d'Israël est tombée dans l'endurcissement, jusqu'à ce que la totalité des païens soit entrée.

26 Et ainsi tout Israël sera sauvé, selon qu'il est écrit: Le libérateur viendra de Sion, Et il détournera de Jacob les impiétés;

27 Et ce sera mon alliance avec eux, Lorsque j'ôterai leurs péchés.

28 En ce qui concerne l'Évangile, ils sont ennemis à cause de vous; mais en ce qui concerne l'élection, ils sont aimés à cause de leurs pères.

29 Car Dieu ne se repent pas de ses dons et de son appel.

30 De même que vous avez autrefois désobéi à Dieu et que par leur désobéissance vous avez maintenant obtenu miséricorde,

31 de même ils ont maintenant désobéi, afin que, par la miséricorde qui vous a été faite, ils obtiennent aussi miséricorde.

32 Car Dieu a renfermé tous les hommes dans la désobéissance, pour faire miséricorde à tous.

33 O profondeur de la richesse, de la sagesse et de la science de Dieu! Que ses jugements sont insondables, et ses voies incompréhensibles! Car

34 Qui a connu la pensée du Seigneur, Ou qui a été son conseiller?

35 Qui lui a donné le premier, pour qu'il ait à recevoir en retour?

36 C'est de lui, par lui, et pour lui que sont toutes choses. A lui la gloire dans tous les siècles! Amen!

上帝不放棄以色列人

11 這樣,難道上帝放棄了祂的子民嗎?當然沒有!因我自己也是以色列人,是亞伯拉罕的後裔,屬於便雅憫支派。 上帝並沒有放棄祂預先揀選的子民。你們不知道聖經上有關以利亞先知的記載嗎?他在上帝面前控告以色列人,說: 「主啊!他們殘殺你的先知,拆毀你的祭壇,只剩下我一個人,他們還要殺我。」 上帝怎樣回答呢?祂說:「我為自己留下七千人,他們未曾跪拜巴力。」

現在的情況也是一樣,上帝按照揀選的恩典留下了少數人。 既然說是出於恩典,就不再基於行為,不然恩典就不再是恩典了。 這該怎麼說呢?以色列人努力追求,卻一無所得,只有蒙揀選的人得到了,其他的人都變得頑固不化。 正如聖經上說:

「上帝使他們至今心智昏迷,
眼睛看不見,耳朵聽不到。」

大衛也說:

「願他們的宴席成為網羅、
陷阱、絆腳石,
給他們帶來報應;
10 願他們眼目昏暗,
無法看見,
永遠彎腰駝背。」

11 那麼,以色列人一失足就再也爬不起來了嗎?當然不是!恰好相反,因他們的過犯,救恩臨到了外族人,使他們心生嫉妒。 12 如果他們的過犯給世界帶來了富足,他們的失敗給外族人帶來了富足,那麼,他們發憤回頭的時候豈不要帶來更大的祝福嗎?

外族人得救

13 我有話要對你們外族人說,因為我是外族人的使徒,我尊重自己的職分, 14 希望使我的骨肉同胞心生嫉妒,好使他們當中的一些人得救。 15 如果他們被拋棄,人類便有機會與上帝和好,那麼,當他們被接納的時候,又將怎樣呢?豈不是要死而復生嗎? 16 獻祭時所獻的那部分麵團如果聖潔,整團麵也聖潔;樹根如果聖潔,樹枝也聖潔。

17 如果橄欖樹上有幾條枝子被折了下來,你這野橄欖枝被接了上去,得以汲取橄欖樹根供應的汁漿,你就不可向折下來的枝子誇口。 18 你怎能誇口呢?要知道:不是你托住樹根,而是樹根托住你。 19 你也許會說:「原來的枝子被折下來,是為了把我接上去。」 20 不錯,他們因為不信被折了下來,而你因為信被接了上去,然而不要自高,要敬畏上帝。 21 上帝既然沒有留下原來的枝子,也可以不留下你。 22 可見,上帝既慈愛又嚴厲。祂對墮落的人是嚴厲的,對你卻是慈愛的。你要常常活在祂的愛中,不然你也會被砍下來。 23 當然,如果以色列人不再頑固不信,必會重新被接上去,因為上帝能把他們重新接上。 24 你這從野生的橄欖樹上砍下來的枝子,尚且可以違反自然,被接到好橄欖樹上,何況原來的枝子被接回到原來的樹上呢?

全以色列都要得救

25 弟兄姊妹,我不願意你們對以下這奧祕一無所知,還自以為聰明。這奧祕就是:雖然有些以色列人的心剛硬,但等到外族人得救的數目滿了以後, 26 全以色列都要得救。正如聖經上說:「救主必從錫安出來,祂將除去雅各子孫的罪惡。 27 那時我要除去他們的罪,這是我與他們所立的約。」

28 就福音而論,他們成為上帝的仇敵是為了使你們得到福音;就上帝的揀選而論,因為他們祖先的緣故,他們仍是上帝所愛的。 29 因為上帝絕不會收回祂的恩賜和呼召。 30 你們從前不順服上帝,然而因為他們的不順服,你們現在反蒙了憐憫。 31 同樣,他們現在不順服是為了使你們蒙憐憫,好使他們也蒙憐憫。 32 因為上帝把世人都歸在不順服之列,是為了要憐憫世人。

頌讚上帝

33 啊,上帝的智慧和知識多麼博大精深!
祂的判斷多麼難測!
祂的蹤跡多麼難尋!
34 誰曾知道主的心意?
誰曾做過祂的謀士?
35 誰曾給過祂,
等祂償還呢?
36 因為萬物都源於祂,
倚靠祂,歸於祂。
願榮耀歸給祂,
直到永遠。阿們!

11 I ask, therefore, has Hashem repudiated His people? Not at all! Chas v’shalom! For I too am a ben Yisroel, of the zera Avraham (seed of Avraham Avinu), of the tribe of Binyamin.

Hashem has not repudiated His people whom He foreknew [TEHILLIM 94:14; Ro 8:29). Or do you not have da’as what the Kitvei Hakodesh says in the section about Eliyahu HaNavi, how he appeals to Hashem against Yisroel?

"Adonoi, they have killed your Nevi’im, they have torn down your mizbe’achot (altars), and I alone have been left, and they seek my life." [MELACHIM ALEF 19:10]

But what is Hashem’s answer to him? "I have kept for Myself seven thousand men, who have not bowed the knee to Ba’al." [MELACHIM ALEF 19:18]

Thus, therefore, also in the zman hazeh, there has come into being a she’erit (remnant, remainder) in accordance with the bechirah (election) of chesed (free, unmerited favor or grace).

But if on the mekor (basis) of chen v’chesed (unmerited favor, grace), then not on the mekor (basis) of [loin (wages), batsolen (pay) for] ma’asim (works), vi-bahlt (since) otherwise chesed would no longer be chesed (4:4-5).

What then? What Yisroel sought for, that is what it did not obtain; but hannivcharim (the elect, the chosen ones) obtained it. And the rest were hardened (9:17-18)

As it is written, "G-d gave to them a ruach tardemah (spirit of deep sleep), eyes that they should not see and ears that they should not hear, until this very day" Isa 29:10.

And Dovid said, "Let their shulchan (table) become a snare and a net, a trap and a retribution for them;

10 " Let their eyes be darkened so that they cannot see, and bend their backs forever." TEHILLIM 68:23-24 TARGUM HASHIVIM; [69:22-23].

11 I ask, therefore, have they stumbled so as to fall? Chas v’shalom! But by their peysha (transgression), Yeshu’at Eloheinu is coming to the Goyim in order to provoke them to jealousy.

12 And if their peysha (transgression) means riches for the world, and their failure means riches for the Goyim, how much more will their fullness mean!

13 I am speaking to you Goyim. So then, in as much as I am Shliach of the Ethnic Groups, I magnify my avodas kodesh, in the tikvah

14 that I might provoke my kinsmen to jealousy and might save some of them.

15 For if their rejection means ritztzuy (reconciliation, cessation of enmity, hostility between a wrathful holy G-d and sinful men) for the gontzer velt (whole world), what shall their acceptance mean other than Chayyim min haMesim (Life from the dead ones)?

16 If the terumah haissa (portion, offering of the dough) that is reshit (first) is kodesh (holy), so is the whole; and if the shoresh (root) is kodesh (holy), so also are the ana’fim (the branches).

17 But if some of the ana’fim have been broken off, and you, a wild olive, have been grafted among them and have become sharer in the richness of the olive tree’s root,

18 Do not boast (4:2) over the ana’fim. If you do boast, it is not the case that you sustain the shoresh, but the shoresh sustains you.

19 You will say, then, "Anafim were broken off in order that I might be grafted in."

20 Quite so: they were broken off on the mekor (basis) of no emunah, but you stand only by emunah. Do not cherish proud thoughts, but fear.

21 For if G-d did not spare the natural anafim, neither will He spare you.

22 Consider then the nedivut (generosity), the chesed of Hashem, and also the fearful judgment of Hashem: to those who fell (11:15), severity; but to you the goodness of Hashem, provided that you continue in that goodness; otherwise, you too will be cut off.

23 Whereas, they also, if they do not continue in a condition of no emunah, shall be grafted in; for Hashem is able to graft them in again.

24 For if you [Goyim] were cut off from the wild olive tree and grafted unnaturally into the cultivated olive tree, how much more shall those who belong to it naturally be grafted into their own olive tree.

25 For I do not want you to be unaware, Achim b’Moshiach, of this raz (mystery), lest you be wise in your own estimation, that a hardening in part has come over Yisroel, until the full number of the Goyim has come in;

26 And so Klal Yisroel shall be delivered, as it is written: "Out of Tziyon shall come the Go’el (Deliverer, Redeemer); He will turn away, remove peysha from Ya’akov (Jacob),

27 "And this will be My Berit (covenant) with them, when I take away their sins" YESHAYAH 59:20-21; 27:9.

28 With regard to the Besuras HaGeulah they are oyevim (enemies) for your [you Goyim] sake, whereas with regard to the bechirah (election) they are beloved for the sake of the Avot (Fathers).

29 For the matnat Hashem and the kri’at Hashem are irrevocable.

30 For just as you Goyim were once without mishma’at to Hashem, but now have received chaninah (mercy, pardon) by their lack of mishma’at,

31 So also they have now been without mishma’at for your chaninah (mercy, pardon) in order that they also might receive chaninah (mercy) (Ro 9:15-16).

32 For G-d has confined all in disobedience in order that He might have chaninah (mercy) on all;

33 O the depth of the riches and the chochmah (wisdom) and da’as (knowledge) of Hashem. How unfathomable are His mishpatim and unsearchable His ways.

34 For who has known the Ruach of Hashem? Or who has been ISH ATZATO ("His Counselor") [Isa 40:13]?

35 Or who has given in advance to Him so that His presents come only as a (choiv) debt repaid? [IYOV 41:3 (11); Ro 4:4]

36 Because from Him and through Him and to Him are all things. Lo HaKavod l’Olamim. Omein. ("To Him be glory forever. Amen.")

11 I say then, Hath God cast away his people? God forbid. For I also am an Israelite, of the seed of Abraham, of the tribe of Benjamin.

God hath not cast away his people which he foreknew. Wot ye not what the scripture saith of Elias? how he maketh intercession to God against Israel saying,

Lord, they have killed thy prophets, and digged down thine altars; and I am left alone, and they seek my life.

But what saith the answer of God unto him? I have reserved to myself seven thousand men, who have not bowed the knee to the image of Baal.

Even so then at this present time also there is a remnant according to the election of grace.

And if by grace, then is it no more of works: otherwise grace is no more grace. But if it be of works, then it is no more grace: otherwise work is no more work.

What then? Israel hath not obtained that which he seeketh for; but the election hath obtained it, and the rest were blinded.

(According as it is written, God hath given them the spirit of slumber, eyes that they should not see, and ears that they should not hear;) unto this day.

And David saith, Let their table be made a snare, and a trap, and a stumblingblock, and a recompence unto them:

10 Let their eyes be darkened, that they may not see, and bow down their back alway.

11 I say then, Have they stumbled that they should fall? God forbid: but rather through their fall salvation is come unto the Gentiles, for to provoke them to jealousy.

12 Now if the fall of them be the riches of the world, and the diminishing of them the riches of the Gentiles; how much more their fulness?

13 For I speak to you Gentiles, inasmuch as I am the apostle of the Gentiles, I magnify mine office:

14 If by any means I may provoke to emulation them which are my flesh, and might save some of them.

15 For if the casting away of them be the reconciling of the world, what shall the receiving of them be, but life from the dead?

16 For if the firstfruit be holy, the lump is also holy: and if the root be holy, so are the branches.

17 And if some of the branches be broken off, and thou, being a wild olive tree, wert grafted in among them, and with them partakest of the root and fatness of the olive tree;

18 Boast not against the branches. But if thou boast, thou bearest not the root, but the root thee.

19 Thou wilt say then, The branches were broken off, that I might be grafted in.

20 Well; because of unbelief they were broken off, and thou standest by faith. Be not highminded, but fear:

21 For if God spared not the natural branches, take heed lest he also spare not thee.

22 Behold therefore the goodness and severity of God: on them which fell, severity; but toward thee, goodness, if thou continue in his goodness: otherwise thou also shalt be cut off.

23 And they also, if they abide not still in unbelief, shall be grafted in: for God is able to graft them in again.

24 For if thou wert cut out of the olive tree which is wild by nature, and wert grafted contrary to nature into a good olive tree: how much more shall these, which be the natural branches, be grafted into their own olive tree?

25 For I would not, brethren, that ye should be ignorant of this mystery, lest ye should be wise in your own conceits; that blindness in part is happened to Israel, until the fulness of the Gentiles be come in.

26 And so all Israel shall be saved: as it is written, There shall come out of Sion the Deliverer, and shall turn away ungodliness from Jacob:

27 For this is my covenant unto them, when I shall take away their sins.

28 As concerning the gospel, they are enemies for your sakes: but as touching the election, they are beloved for the father's sakes.

29 For the gifts and calling of God are without repentance.

30 For as ye in times past have not believed God, yet have now obtained mercy through their unbelief:

31 Even so have these also now not believed, that through your mercy they also may obtain mercy.

32 For God hath concluded them all in unbelief, that he might have mercy upon all.

33 O the depth of the riches both of the wisdom and knowledge of God! how unsearchable are his judgments, and his ways past finding out!

34 For who hath known the mind of the Lord? or who hath been his counsellor?

35 Or who hath first given to him, and it shall be recompensed unto him again?

36 For of him, and through him, and to him, are all things: to whom be glory for ever. Amen.

The Remnant of Israel

11 I ask then: Did God reject his people? By no means!(A) I am an Israelite myself, a descendant of Abraham,(B) from the tribe of Benjamin.(C) God did not reject his people,(D) whom he foreknew.(E) Don’t you know what Scripture says in the passage about Elijah—how he appealed to God against Israel: “Lord, they have killed your prophets and torn down your altars; I am the only one left, and they are trying to kill me”[a]?(F) And what was God’s answer to him? “I have reserved for myself seven thousand who have not bowed the knee to Baal.”[b](G) So too, at the present time there is a remnant(H) chosen by grace.(I) And if by grace, then it cannot be based on works;(J) if it were, grace would no longer be grace.

What then? What the people of Israel sought so earnestly they did not obtain.(K) The elect among them did, but the others were hardened,(L) as it is written:

“God gave them a spirit of stupor,
    eyes that could not see
    and ears that could not hear,(M)
to this very day.”[c](N)

And David says:

“May their table become a snare and a trap,
    a stumbling block and a retribution for them.
10 May their eyes be darkened so they cannot see,(O)
    and their backs be bent forever.”[d](P)

Ingrafted Branches

11 Again I ask: Did they stumble so as to fall beyond recovery? Not at all!(Q) Rather, because of their transgression, salvation has come to the Gentiles(R) to make Israel envious.(S) 12 But if their transgression means riches for the world, and their loss means riches for the Gentiles,(T) how much greater riches will their full inclusion bring!

13 I am talking to you Gentiles. Inasmuch as I am the apostle to the Gentiles,(U) I take pride in my ministry 14 in the hope that I may somehow arouse my own people to envy(V) and save(W) some of them. 15 For if their rejection brought reconciliation(X) to the world, what will their acceptance be but life from the dead?(Y) 16 If the part of the dough offered as firstfruits(Z) is holy, then the whole batch is holy; if the root is holy, so are the branches.

17 If some of the branches have been broken off,(AA) and you, though a wild olive shoot, have been grafted in among the others(AB) and now share in the nourishing sap from the olive root, 18 do not consider yourself to be superior to those other branches. If you do, consider this: You do not support the root, but the root supports you.(AC) 19 You will say then, “Branches were broken off so that I could be grafted in.” 20 Granted. But they were broken off because of unbelief, and you stand by faith.(AD) Do not be arrogant,(AE) but tremble.(AF) 21 For if God did not spare the natural branches, he will not spare you either.

22 Consider therefore the kindness(AG) and sternness of God: sternness to those who fell, but kindness to you, provided that you continue(AH) in his kindness. Otherwise, you also will be cut off.(AI) 23 And if they do not persist in unbelief, they will be grafted in, for God is able to graft them in again.(AJ) 24 After all, if you were cut out of an olive tree that is wild by nature, and contrary to nature were grafted into a cultivated olive tree,(AK) how much more readily will these, the natural branches, be grafted into their own olive tree!

All Israel Will Be Saved

25 I do not want you to be ignorant(AL) of this mystery,(AM) brothers and sisters, so that you may not be conceited:(AN) Israel has experienced a hardening(AO) in part until the full number of the Gentiles has come in,(AP) 26 and in this way[e] all Israel will be saved.(AQ) As it is written:

“The deliverer will come from Zion;
    he will turn godlessness away from Jacob.
27 And this is[f] my covenant with them
    when I take away their sins.”[g](AR)

28 As far as the gospel is concerned, they are enemies(AS) for your sake; but as far as election is concerned, they are loved on account of the patriarchs,(AT) 29 for God’s gifts and his call(AU) are irrevocable.(AV) 30 Just as you who were at one time disobedient(AW) to God have now received mercy as a result of their disobedience, 31 so they too have now become disobedient in order that they too may now[h] receive mercy as a result of God’s mercy to you. 32 For God has bound everyone over to disobedience(AX) so that he may have mercy on them all.

Doxology

33 Oh, the depth of the riches(AY) of the wisdom and[i] knowledge of God!(AZ)
    How unsearchable his judgments,
    and his paths beyond tracing out!(BA)
34 “Who has known the mind of the Lord?
    Or who has been his counselor?”[j](BB)
35 “Who has ever given to God,
    that God should repay them?”[k](BC)
36 For from him and through him and for him are all things.(BD)
    To him be the glory forever! Amen.(BE)

Footnotes

  1. Romans 11:3 1 Kings 19:10,14
  2. Romans 11:4 1 Kings 19:18
  3. Romans 11:8 Deut. 29:4; Isaiah 29:10
  4. Romans 11:10 Psalm 69:22,23
  5. Romans 11:26 Or and so
  6. Romans 11:27 Or will be
  7. Romans 11:27 Isaiah 59:20,21; 27:9 (see Septuagint); Jer. 31:33,34
  8. Romans 11:31 Some manuscripts do not have now.
  9. Romans 11:33 Or riches and the wisdom and the
  10. Romans 11:34 Isaiah 40:13
  11. Romans 11:35 Job 41:11