¹⁹ because ^(A)what may be known of God is ^[a]manifest ^[b]in them, for ^(B)God has shown it to them. ²⁰ For since the creation of the world ^(C)His invisible attributes are clearly seen, being understood by the things that are made, even His eternal power and ^[c]Godhead, so that they are without excuse, ²¹ because, although they knew God, they did not glorify Him as God, nor were thankful, but ^(D)became futile in their thoughts, and their foolish hearts were darkened. ^22 (E)Professing to be wise, they became fools, ²³ and changed the glory of the ^(F)incorruptible ^(G)God into an image made like ^[d]corruptible man—and birds and four-footed animals and creeping things.

^24 (H)Therefore God also gave them up to uncleanness, in the lusts of their hearts, ^(I)to dishonor their bodies ^(J)among themselves, ²⁵ who exchanged ^(K)the truth of God ^(L)for the lie, and worshiped and served the creature rather than the Creator, who is blessed forever. Amen.

²⁶ For this reason God gave them up to ^(M)vile passions. For even their ^[e]women exchanged the natural use for what is against nature. ²⁷ Likewise also the ^[f]men, leaving the natural use of the ^[g]woman, burned in their lust for one another, men with men committing what is shameful, and receiving in themselves the penalty of their error which was due.

²⁸ And even as they did not like to retain God in their knowledge, God gave them over to a debased mind, to do those things ^(N)which are not fitting; ²⁹ being filled with all unrighteousness, ^[h]sexual immorality, wickedness, ^[i]covetousness, ^[j]maliciousness; full of envy, murder, strife, deceit, evil-mindedness; they are whisperers, ³⁰ backbiters, haters of God, violent, proud, boasters, inventors of evil things, disobedient to parents, ^31 [k]undiscerning, untrustworthy, unloving, ^[l]unforgiving, unmerciful; ³² who, ^(O)knowing the righteous judgment of God, that those who practice such things ^(P)are deserving of death, not only do the same but also ^(Q)approve of those who practice them.

^4 (A)Certainly not! Indeed, let ^(B)God be ^[a]true but ^(C)every man a liar. As it is written:

Death in Adam, Life in Christ^(A)

¹² Therefore, just as ^(B)through one man sin entered the world, and ^(C)death through sin, and thus death spread to all men, because all sinned— ¹³ (For until the law sin was in the world, but ^(D)sin is not imputed when there is no law. ¹⁴ Nevertheless death reigned from Adam to Moses, even over those who had not sinned according to the likeness of the transgression of Adam, ^(E)who is a type of Him who was to come. ¹⁵ But the free gift is not like the ^[a]offense. For if by the one man’s offense many died, much more the grace of God and the gift by the grace of the one Man, Jesus Christ, abounded ^(F)to many. ¹⁶ And the gift is not like that which came through the one who sinned. For the judgment which came from one offense resulted in condemnation, but the free gift which came from many ^[b]offenses resulted in justification. ¹⁷ For if by the one man’s ^[c]offense death reigned through the one, much more those who receive abundance of grace and of the gift of righteousness will reign in life through the One, Jesus Christ.)

¹⁸ Therefore, as through ^[d]one man’s offense judgment came to all men, resulting in condemnation, even so through ^(G)one^[e] Man’s righteous act the free gift came ^(H)to all men, resulting in justification of life. ¹⁹ For as by one man’s disobedience many were made sinners, so also by ^(I)one Man’s obedience many will be made righteous.

²⁰ Moreover ^(J)the law entered that the offense might abound. But where sin abounded, grace ^(K)abounded much more, ²¹ so that as sin reigned in death, even so grace might reign through righteousness to eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord.

¹⁹ For ^(A)the earnest expectation of the creation eagerly waits for the revealing of the sons of God. ²⁰ For ^(B)the creation was subjected to futility, not willingly, but because of Him who subjected it in hope; ²¹ because the creation itself also will be delivered from the bondage of ^[a]corruption into the glorious ^(C)liberty of the children of God. ²² For we know that the whole creation ^(D)groans and labors with birth pangs together until now.