Richteren 11
Het Boek
Jefta verslaat de Ammonieten
11 Jefta was een dapper man uit Gilead, maar hij was de zoon van een prostituee. 2 Zijn vader Gilead had ook zonen bij zijn wettige vrouw. Toen deze halfbroers volwassen waren geworden, joegen zij Jefta weg. ‘Jij bent de zoon van een hoer!’ zeiden ze. ‘Jij zult niets erven van vaders bezittingen!’ 3 Daarop vluchtte Jefta uit zijn vaders huis naar het land Tob en ging daar wonen. Een groep avonturiers kwam daar bij hem en samen trokken zij eropuit.
4 Een tijd later bonden de Ammonieten de strijd aan met Israël. 5,6 De leiders van Gilead gingen naar het land Tob om Jefta te halen. Zij smeekten hem hun aanvoerder te worden in de strijd tegen de Ammonieten. 7 Maar Jefta zei tegen hen: ‘Waarom komt u bij mij als u mij haat en mij uit mijn vaders huis hebt weggejaagd? Waarom komt u nu u in de problemen zit?’ 8 ‘Omdat we u nodig hebben,’ antwoordden ze. ‘Wees onze aanvoerder als we tegen de Ammonieten moeten vechten, dan zult u leider van Gilead en al zijn inwoners worden.’ 9 ‘Zo!’ riep Jefta uit. ‘Denkt u dat ik dat zo maar geloof?’ 10 ‘Wij zweren het u bij de Here,’ antwoordden zij. ‘U zult onze leider worden.’ 11 Daarop ging Jefta met de leiders van Gilead mee en werd aanvoerder van Israëls leger. De overeenkomst werd bekrachtigd voor de Here in een algemene volksvergadering in Mispa.
12 Jefta stuurde boodschappers naar de koning van de Ammonieten met de vraag waarom hij Israël aanviel. 13 De koning van de Ammonieten antwoordde dat het land toebehoorde aan de Ammonieten! Hij beweerde dat het van hen gestolen was toen de Israëlieten uit Egypte kwamen en dat het hele gebied vanaf de rivier de Arnon tot de Jabbok en de Jordaan van hem was. ‘Geef mij het land in vrede terug,’ luidde de eis van de koning. 14 Jefta stuurde de boodschappers terug met het antwoord: 15 ‘Israël heeft noch het land van de Moabieten, noch dat van de Ammonieten gestolen. 16 Zo is het gegaan: nadat de Israëlieten uit Egypte waren gekomen en de Rietzee waren doorgetrokken, kwamen zij bij Kades. 17 Zij stuurden boodschappers naar de koning van Edom met de vraag of hij hun toestemming wilde geven door zijn land te reizen. Maar hun verzoek werd afgewezen. Toen deden ze de koning van Moab hetzelfde verzoek, maar ook hij wees het af. Daarom bleven de Israëlieten in Kades. 18 Ten slotte trokken zij door de woestijn om Edom en Moab heen en reisden langs Moabs oostgrens tot de overkant van de rivier de Arnon, waar zij hun kamp opsloegen. En omdat de Arnon de grens van Moab is, zijn ze dus niet in Moab geweest. 19 Toen stuurde Israël boodschappers naar koning Sichon van de Amorieten die in Chesbon woonde. Zij vroegen hem of hij Israël toestemming wilde geven door zijn land te trekken naar hun plaats van bestemming. 20 Maar koning Sichon vertrouwde Israël niet. Hij verwachtte dat het niet bij een doortocht zou blijven. Daarom verzamelde hij zijn troepen in Jahza en viel Israël aan. 21,22 De Here, de God van Israël, hielp het volk Israël door koning Sichon en diens leger te verslaan. Toen nam Israël het hele gebied van de Amorieten, van de rivier de Arnon tot de Jabbok en van de woestijn tot de Jordaan in bezit. 23 De Here, de God van Israël, was het die de Amorieten hun land heeft afgenomen en het aan Israël heeft gegeven. Waarom zouden wij het dan aan u teruggeven? 24 Zoals u houdt wat uw god Kemos u heeft gegeven, zo houden wij wat de Here, onze God, ons geeft! 25 Trouwens, wie denkt u eigenlijk dat u bent? Bent u beter dan koning Balak, de zoon van Sippor, van Moab? Heeft hij soms geprobeerd zijn land te heroveren, nadat Israël hem had verslagen? 26 Maar nu, na driehonderd jaar, maakt u er een probleem van. Al die tijd heeft Israël hier gewoond, verspreid over het gebied tussen Chesbon en Aroër en langs de rivier de Arnon. Waarom hebt u niet eerder geprobeerd dit gebied terug te krijgen? 27 Nee, ik heb u niets misdaan. Eerder doet u mij onrecht door tegen mij te strijden. Maar de Here is rechter en zal bepalen wie gelijk heeft, Israël of Ammon.’
28 De koning van de Ammonieten reageerde niet op Jeftaʼs boodschap. 29 Toen kwam de Geest van de Here over Jefta en hij leidde zijn leger dwars door het gebied Gilead en Manasse, langs de stad Mispa in Gilead en viel de Ammonieten aan.
30,31 Intussen had Jefta de Here beloofd: ‘Als U mij helpt de Ammonieten te verslaan en ik veilig terugkom, zal ik het eerste dat mij uit mijn huis tegemoet komt, aan U offeren!’ 32 Daarop viel Jefta de Ammonieten aan en de Here gaf hem de overwinning. 33 Hij versloeg de Ammonieten over de hele weg van Aroër tot Minnith, met twintig steden en zelfs tot aan Abel Keramim. Hij bracht hun een zware nederlaag toe en de Ammonieten werden aan het volk Israël onderworpen. 34 Toen Jefta naar huis terugging, kwam zijn dochter—zijn enig kind—hem dansend van vreugde tegemoet, een tamboerijn in de handen. 35 Zodra hij haar zag, scheurde hij in wanhoop zijn kleren. ‘Ach, mijn lieve dochter!’ riep hij uit. ‘Wat doe je mij verdriet. O, wat vreselijk! Ik heb de Here namelijk iets beloofd en ik kan niet meer terug.’ 36 Maar zij zei: ‘Vader, als u de Here iets hebt beloofd, moet u zich aan uw belofte houden, want Hij heeft u een geweldige overwinning geschonken op de Ammonieten. 37 Maar geef mij alstublieft twee maanden uitstel. Laat mij eerst met mijn vriendinnen de bergen intrekken om daar te rouwen, omdat ik zo jong ben en ongetrouwd.’ 38 ‘Goed,’ zei hij. ‘Ga maar.’ Zij trok met haar vriendinnen naar de bergen waar zij twee maanden haar lot beklaagden. 39 Daarna ging zij naar haar vader terug en hij deed wat hij had beloofd. Zij is dus nooit getrouwd.
40 Sindsdien is het in Israël gebruikelijk dat de Israëlitische meisjes elk jaar gedurende vier dagen het lot van Jeftaʼs dochter gedenken.
Judges 11
King James Version
11 Now Jephthah the Gileadite was a mighty man of valour, and he was the son of an harlot: and Gilead begat Jephthah.
2 And Gilead's wife bare him sons; and his wife's sons grew up, and they thrust out Jephthah, and said unto him, Thou shalt not inherit in our father's house; for thou art the son of a strange woman.
3 Then Jephthah fled from his brethren, and dwelt in the land of Tob: and there were gathered vain men to Jephthah, and went out with him.
4 And it came to pass in process of time, that the children of Ammon made war against Israel.
5 And it was so, that when the children of Ammon made war against Israel, the elders of Gilead went to fetch Jephthah out of the land of Tob:
6 And they said unto Jephthah, Come, and be our captain, that we may fight with the children of Ammon.
7 And Jephthah said unto the elders of Gilead, Did not ye hate me, and expel me out of my father's house? and why are ye come unto me now when ye are in distress?
8 And the elders of Gilead said unto Jephthah, Therefore we turn again to thee now, that thou mayest go with us, and fight against the children of Ammon, and be our head over all the inhabitants of Gilead.
9 And Jephthah said unto the elders of Gilead, If ye bring me home again to fight against the children of Ammon, and the Lord deliver them before me, shall I be your head?
10 And the elders of Gilead said unto Jephthah, The Lord be witness between us, if we do not so according to thy words.
11 Then Jephthah went with the elders of Gilead, and the people made him head and captain over them: and Jephthah uttered all his words before the Lord in Mizpeh.
12 And Jephthah sent messengers unto the king of the children of Ammon, saying, What hast thou to do with me, that thou art come against me to fight in my land?
13 And the king of the children of Ammon answered unto the messengers of Jephthah, Because Israel took away my land, when they came up out of Egypt, from Arnon even unto Jabbok, and unto Jordan: now therefore restore those lands again peaceably.
14 And Jephthah sent messengers again unto the king of the children of Ammon:
15 And said unto him, Thus saith Jephthah, Israel took not away the land of Moab, nor the land of the children of Ammon:
16 But when Israel came up from Egypt, and walked through the wilderness unto the Red sea, and came to Kadesh;
17 Then Israel sent messengers unto the king of Edom, saying, Let me, I pray thee, pass through thy land: but the king of Edom would not hearken thereto. And in like manner they sent unto the king of Moab: but he would not consent: and Israel abode in Kadesh.
18 Then they went along through the wilderness, and compassed the land of Edom, and the land of Moab, and came by the east side of the land of Moab, and pitched on the other side of Arnon, but came not within the border of Moab: for Arnon was the border of Moab.
19 And Israel sent messengers unto Sihon king of the Amorites, the king of Heshbon; and Israel said unto him, Let us pass, we pray thee, through thy land into my place.
20 But Sihon trusted not Israel to pass through his coast: but Sihon gathered all his people together, and pitched in Jahaz, and fought against Israel.
21 And the Lord God of Israel delivered Sihon and all his people into the hand of Israel, and they smote them: so Israel possessed all the land of the Amorites, the inhabitants of that country.
22 And they possessed all the coasts of the Amorites, from Arnon even unto Jabbok, and from the wilderness even unto Jordan.
23 So now the Lord God of Israel hath dispossessed the Amorites from before his people Israel, and shouldest thou possess it?
24 Wilt not thou possess that which Chemosh thy god giveth thee to possess? So whomsoever the Lord our God shall drive out from before us, them will we possess.
25 And now art thou any thing better than Balak the son of Zippor, king of Moab? did he ever strive against Israel, or did he ever fight against them,
26 While Israel dwelt in Heshbon and her towns, and in Aroer and her towns, and in all the cities that be along by the coasts of Arnon, three hundred years? why therefore did ye not recover them within that time?
27 Wherefore I have not sinned against thee, but thou doest me wrong to war against me: the Lord the Judge be judge this day between the children of Israel and the children of Ammon.
28 Howbeit the king of the children of Ammon hearkened not unto the words of Jephthah which he sent him.
29 Then the Spirit of the Lord came upon Jephthah, and he passed over Gilead, and Manasseh, and passed over Mizpeh of Gilead, and from Mizpeh of Gilead he passed over unto the children of Ammon.
30 And Jephthah vowed a vow unto the Lord, and said, If thou shalt without fail deliver the children of Ammon into mine hands,
31 Then it shall be, that whatsoever cometh forth of the doors of my house to meet me, when I return in peace from the children of Ammon, shall surely be the Lord's, and I will offer it up for a burnt offering.
32 So Jephthah passed over unto the children of Ammon to fight against them; and the Lord delivered them into his hands.
33 And he smote them from Aroer, even till thou come to Minnith, even twenty cities, and unto the plain of the vineyards, with a very great slaughter. Thus the children of Ammon were subdued before the children of Israel.
34 And Jephthah came to Mizpeh unto his house, and, behold, his daughter came out to meet him with timbrels and with dances: and she was his only child; beside her he had neither son nor daughter.
35 And it came to pass, when he saw her, that he rent his clothes, and said, Alas, my daughter! thou hast brought me very low, and thou art one of them that trouble me: for I have opened my mouth unto the Lord, and I cannot go back.
36 And she said unto him, My father, if thou hast opened thy mouth unto the Lord, do to me according to that which hath proceeded out of thy mouth; forasmuch as the Lord hath taken vengeance for thee of thine enemies, even of the children of Ammon.
37 And she said unto her father, Let this thing be done for me: let me alone two months, that I may go up and down upon the mountains, and bewail my virginity, I and my fellows.
38 And he said, Go. And he sent her away for two months: and she went with her companions, and bewailed her virginity upon the mountains.
39 And it came to pass at the end of two months, that she returned unto her father, who did with her according to his vow which he had vowed: and she knew no man. And it was a custom in Israel,
40 That the daughters of Israel went yearly to lament the daughter of Jephthah the Gileadite four days in a year.
Judges 11
English Standard Version
Jephthah Delivers Israel
11 Now (A)Jephthah the Gileadite was (B)a mighty warrior, but he was the son of a prostitute. Gilead was the father of Jephthah. 2 And Gilead's wife also bore him sons. And when his wife's sons grew up, they drove Jephthah out and said to him, “You shall not have an inheritance in our father's house, for you are the son of another woman.” 3 Then Jephthah fled from his brothers and lived in the land of (C)Tob, and (D)worthless fellows collected around Jephthah and went out with him.
4 After a time the Ammonites made war against Israel. 5 And when the Ammonites made war against Israel, the elders of Gilead went to bring Jephthah from the land of (E)Tob. 6 And they said to Jephthah, “Come and be our leader, that we may fight against the Ammonites.” 7 But Jephthah said to the elders of Gilead, “Did you not hate me and drive me out of my father's house? Why have you come to me now when you are in distress?” 8 And the elders of Gilead said to Jephthah, “That is why we have turned to you now, that you may go with us and fight against the Ammonites and (F)be our head over all the inhabitants of Gilead.” 9 Jephthah said to the elders of Gilead, “If you bring me home again to fight against the Ammonites, and the Lord gives them over to me, I will be your head.” 10 And the elders of Gilead said to Jephthah, (G)“The Lord will be witness between us, if we do not do as you say.” 11 So Jephthah went with the elders of Gilead, and the people (H)made him head and leader over them. And Jephthah spoke all his words (I)before the Lord at (J)Mizpah.
12 Then Jephthah sent messengers to the king of the Ammonites and said, “What do you have against me, that you have come to me to fight against my land?” 13 And the king of the Ammonites answered the messengers of Jephthah, (K)“Because Israel on coming up from Egypt took away my land, from the (L)Arnon to the (M)Jabbok and to the Jordan; now therefore restore it peaceably.” 14 Jephthah again sent messengers to the king of the Ammonites 15 and said to him, “Thus says Jephthah: (N)Israel did not take away the land of Moab or the land of the Ammonites, 16 but when they came up from Egypt, Israel went through the wilderness (O)to the Red Sea and (P)came to Kadesh. 17 (Q)Israel then sent messengers to the king of Edom, saying, ‘Please let us pass through your land,’ (R)but the king of Edom would not listen. And they sent also to the king of Moab, but he would not consent. So Israel (S)remained at Kadesh.
18 “Then they journeyed through the wilderness and (T)went around the land of Edom and the land of Moab and (U)arrived on the east side of the land of Moab and (V)camped on the other side of the Arnon. But they did not enter the territory of Moab, for the Arnon was the boundary of Moab. 19 (W)Israel then sent messengers to Sihon king of the Amorites, king of Heshbon, and Israel said to him, ‘Please let us pass through your land to our country,’ 20 but Sihon did not trust Israel to pass through his territory, so Sihon gathered all his people together and encamped at Jahaz and fought with Israel. 21 And the Lord, the God of Israel, gave Sihon and all his people into the hand of Israel, and they defeated them. So Israel took possession of all the land of the Amorites, who inhabited that country. 22 And they took possession of all the territory of the Amorites from the Arnon to the Jabbok and from the wilderness to the Jordan. 23 So then the Lord, the God of Israel, dispossessed the Amorites from before his people Israel; and are you to take possession of them? 24 Will you not possess what (X)Chemosh your god gives you to possess? (Y)And all that the Lord our God has dispossessed before us, we will possess. 25 Now are you any better than (Z)Balak the son of Zippor, king of Moab? Did he ever contend against Israel, or did he ever go to war with them? 26 While Israel lived (AA)in Heshbon and its villages, and (AB)in Aroer and its villages, and in all the cities that are on the banks of the Arnon, 300 years, why did you not deliver them within that time? 27 I therefore have not sinned against you, and you do me wrong by making war on me. (AC)The Lord, the Judge, decide this day between the people of Israel and the people of Ammon.” 28 But the king of the Ammonites did not listen to the words of Jephthah that he sent to him.
Jephthah's Tragic Vow
29 (AD)Then the Spirit of the Lord was upon Jephthah, and he passed through Gilead and Manasseh and passed on to Mizpah of Gilead, and from Mizpah of Gilead he passed on to the Ammonites. 30 And Jephthah (AE)made a vow to the Lord and said, “If you will give the Ammonites into my hand, 31 then whatever[a] comes out from the doors of my house to meet me when I return in peace from the Ammonites (AF)shall be the Lord's, and (AG)I will offer it[b] up for a burnt offering.” 32 So Jephthah crossed over to the Ammonites to fight against them, and the Lord gave them into his hand. 33 And he struck them from Aroer to the neighborhood of (AH)Minnith, twenty cities, and as far as Abel-keramim, with a great blow. So the Ammonites were subdued before the people of Israel.
34 Then Jephthah came to his home at (AI)Mizpah. And behold, his daughter came out to meet him (AJ)with tambourines and with dances. She was his only child; besides her he had neither son nor daughter. 35 And as soon as he saw her, he tore his clothes and said, “Alas, my daughter! You have brought me very low, and you have become the cause of great trouble to me. For I have opened my mouth to the Lord, (AK)and I cannot take back my vow.” 36 And she said to him, “My father, you have opened your mouth to the Lord; do to me according to what has gone out of your mouth, now that the Lord has avenged you on your enemies, on the Ammonites.” 37 So she said to her father, “Let this thing be done for me: leave me alone two months, that I may go up and down on the mountains and weep for my virginity, I and my companions.” 38 So he said, “Go.” Then he sent her away for two months, and she departed, she and her companions, and wept for her virginity on the mountains. 39 And at the end of two months, she returned to her father, (AL)who did with her according to his vow that he had made. She had never known a man, and it became a custom in Israel 40 that the daughters of Israel went year by year to lament the daughter of Jephthah the Gileadite four days in the year.
Footnotes
- Judges 11:31 Or whoever
- Judges 11:31 Or him
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