Footnotes

1. Revelation 2:8 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated due to differences between Greek and English style.
2. Revelation 2:8 tn The phrase “the following” after “write” is supplied to clarify that what follows is the content of what is to be written.
3. Revelation 2:8 tn Grk “These things says [the One]…” See the note on the phrase “this is the solemn pronouncement of” in 2:1.sn The expression This is the solemn pronouncement of reflects an OT idiom. See the note on this phrase in 2:1.
4. Revelation 2:8 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “but” to indicate the contrast present between these two phrases.
5. Revelation 2:9 tn Or “know your suffering.” This could refer to suffering or distress caused by persecution (see L&N 22.2).
6. Revelation 2:9 tn Because of the length and complexity of this Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation by supplying the phrase “I also know” to link this English sentence back to “I know” at the beginning of the verse.
7. Revelation 2:9 tn The words “against you” are not in the Greek text, but are implied.
8. Revelation 2:9 sn A synagogue was a place for Jewish prayer and worship, with recognized leadership (e.g., Mt 4:23, Mk 1:21, Lk 4:15, Jn 6:59).
9. Revelation 2:10 tn Grk “is about to throw some of you,” but the force is causative in context.
10. Revelation 2:10 tn Or “tempted.”
11. Revelation 2:10 tn Or “experience persecution,” “will be in distress” (see L&N 22.2).
12. Revelation 2:10 tn Grk “crown of life,” with the genitive “of life” (τῆς ζωῆς, tēs zōēs) functioning in apposition to “crown” (στέφανον, stephanon): “the crown that consists of life.”
13. Revelation 2:11 tn Or “who is victorious”; traditionally, “who overcomes.”