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To the Church in Smyrna

“To[a] the angel of the church in Smyrna write the following:[b]

“This is the solemn pronouncement of[c] the one who is the first and the last, the one who was dead, but[d] came to life:

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Footnotes

  1. Revelation 2:8 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated due to differences between Greek and English style.
  2. Revelation 2:8 tn The phrase “the following” after “write” is supplied to clarify that what follows is the content of what is to be written.
  3. Revelation 2:8 tn Grk “These things says [the One]…” See the note on the phrase “this is the solemn pronouncement of” in 2:1.sn The expression This is the solemn pronouncement of reflects an OT idiom. See the note on this phrase in 2:1.
  4. Revelation 2:8 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “but” to indicate the contrast present between these two phrases.