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Psalm 78[a]

A New Beginning in Zion and David

A maskil of Asaph.

I

Attend, my people, to my teaching;
    listen to the words of my mouth.
I will open my mouth in a parable,[b]
    unfold the puzzling events of the past.(A)

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Footnotes

  1. Psalm 78 A recital of history to show that past generations did not respond to God’s gracious deeds and were punished by God making the gift into a punishment. Will Israel fail to appreciate God’s act—the choosing of Zion and of David? The tripartite introduction invites Israel to learn the lessons hidden in its traditions (Ps 78:1–4, 5–7, 8–11); each section ends with the mention of God’s acts. There are two distinct narratives of approximately equal length: the wilderness events (Ps 78:12–39) and the movement from Egypt to Canaan (Ps 78:40–72). The structure of both is parallel: gracious act (Ps 78:12–16, 40–55), rebellion (Ps 78:17–20, 56–58), divine punishment (Ps 78:21–31, 59–64), God’s readiness to forgive and begin anew (Ps 78:32–39, 65–72). While the Psalm has been thought to reflect the reunification program of either King Hezekiah (late eighth century) or King Josiah (late seventh century) in that the Northern Kingdom (Ephraim, Joseph) is especially invited to accept Zion and the Davidic king, a postexilic setting is also possible. Notable is the inclusion of the David-Zion tradition into the history of Israel recounted in the sources of the Pentateuch.
  2. 78:2 Parable: Hebrew mashal literally refers to some sort of relationship of comparison and can signify a story whose didactic potential becomes clear in the telling, as here in the retrospective examination of the history of Israel. Mt 13:35 cites the verse to explain Jesus’ use of parables.

Psalm 78

A maskil[a] of Asaph.

My people, hear my teaching;(A)
    listen to the words of my mouth.
I will open my mouth with a parable;(B)
    I will utter hidden things, things from of old—

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Footnotes

  1. Psalm 78:1 Title: Probably a literary or musical term

34 When he slew them, they began to seek him;
    they again looked for God.(A)
35 They remembered[a] that God was their rock,
    God Most High, their redeemer.

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Footnotes

  1. 78:35 Remembered: invoked God publicly in worship. Their words were insincere (Ps 78:36).

34 Whenever God slew them, they would seek(A) him;
    they eagerly turned to him again.
35 They remembered that God was their Rock,(B)
    that God Most High was their Redeemer.(C)

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36 But they deceived him with their mouths,
    lied to him with their tongues.
37 Their hearts were not constant toward him;
    they were not faithful to his covenant.(A)

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36 But then they would flatter him with their mouths,(A)
    lying to him with their tongues;
37 their hearts were not loyal(B) to him,
    they were not faithful to his covenant.

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38 [a]But God being compassionate forgave their sin;
    he did not utterly destroy them.
Time and again he turned back his anger,
    unwilling to unleash all his rage.(A)

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Footnotes

  1. 78:38 God is always ready to forgive and begin anew, as in choosing Zion and David (Ps 78:65–72).

38 Yet he was merciful;(A)
    he forgave(B) their iniquities(C)
    and did not destroy them.
Time after time he restrained his anger(D)
    and did not stir up his full wrath.

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