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Book Five

Book Five (Psalms 107–150) succinctly presents many of the major themes of the previous psalms. It tracks along Israel’s history as God’s nation, from the united monarchy, through the exile, to the restoration. Psalm 107 is a song of thanksgiving composed by those who survived exile and made their way home. As in Isaiah, the return from exile is described as a new exodus. Three Davidic psalms toward the beginning of Book Five represent the monarchy and recall Israel’s golden age. The Songs for the Journey to Worship (Psalm 120–134) are composed for use by God’s people as they traveled from their homes up to Zion to worship God at the temple. Representing their time in exile are songs of lament, heartbreaking testimonies to individuals’ pain when they are crushed by their enemies and separated from God’s blessings. Finally, Book Five concludes the collection by offering praise and thanks to God, for the story of Israel does not end with its exile and separation; rather, it ends in restoration and hope. Those who edited and compiled the Book of Psalms were relieved to be back in the land of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob—rebuilding their temple and reestablishing their connection with God.

Psalm 107

Erupt with thanks to the Eternal, for He is good
    and His loyal love lasts forever.
Let all those redeemed by the Eternal—
    those rescued from times of deep trouble—join in giving thanks.
He has gathered them across the earth,
    from east and west,
    from [north and south].[a]

Some drifted around in the desert
    and found no place where they could live.
Their bellies growled with hunger; their mouths were dry with thirst;
    their souls grew weak and weary.
In their distress, they called out to the Eternal,
    and He saved them from their misery.
He showed them the best path; then He led them down the right road
    until they arrived at an inhabited town.
May they erupt with praise and give thanks to the Eternal
    in honor of His loyal love
And all the wonders He has performed for humankind!
He has quenched their thirst,
    and He has satisfied their hunger with what is good.

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Footnotes

  1. 107:3 Hebrew manuscripts read, “and the sea.”

43 Is there anyone wise? If so, may the wise take notice of these things
    and reflect upon the loyal love of the Eternal.

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10 Israel, once a vibrant vine that bore adequate fruit, is now barren.
    The more fruit he bore, the more altars he made;
    the more his fertile soil produced, the more he made the sacred pillars.
But they aren’t loyal to God in their hearts, and now they’ll pay the penalty:
    the Eternal will break apart their altars and smash their sacred pillars.
Then they’ll say, “We don’t have our own king anymore
    because we didn’t fear the Eternal One.
But even if we still had a king, what could he do for us?”

A nation without a functioning king is no nation at all.

They speak a lot of sensible words,
    but their oaths are insincere, and their covenant promises are empty.
This is why the king’s judgment sprouts up like poisonous weeds in a plowed field.
The people of Samaria are afraid of what will happen to the calf-idol of Beth-aven;
    the people will mourn for it, and its pagan priests will join in lament.
    They’ll wail when its glory departs.
The wretched idol will be taken to Assyria and given to the great king.
    Ephraim will be disgraced;
    Israel will be ashamed because of this king’s counsel.
Samaria and her king will be cut off,
    carried away like a twig on the swirling waters.
The wicked high places where Israel’s people sinned will be destroyed;
    thorns and thistles will cover their once-proud altars.
People will beg the mountains, “Surround us!”
    They’ll plead with the hills, “Cover us!”[a]

Eternal One: From the days of Gibeah you, Israel, have sinned![b]
        And they’re still the same today. Nothing has changed.
        Will war overtake these people of wickedness in Gibeah?
10     At the time I choose, I’ll punish them:
        nations will gather against them
        because they have compounded their own guilt.
11     Ephraim was a trained heifer who loved to tread on the threshing floor.
        Now I have lashed a yoke to her fair neck.
    Judah will plow, and Jacob will break up the hard, compacted soil.

12 Plant a crop of righteousness for yourselves,
    harvest the fruit of unfailing love,
And break up your hard soil,
    because it’s time to seek the Eternal
    until He comes and waters your fields with justice.

13 You’ve plowed wickedness and reaped injustice;
    you’ve eaten the fruit of deception.
Because you’ve trusted in your own might,
    in the size and skill of your army,
14 So the nations will line up against you in battle
    and all of your fortifications will be destroyed,
Just as Shalman destroyed Beth-arbel when he fought against it
    and dashed its mothers to pieces with their children!
15 The same thing will happen to you, O Bethel, because you’re so wicked.
    When that day breaks, the king of Israel will be completely destroyed.

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17 When He had traveled on, a young man came and knelt in the dust of the road in front of Jesus.

Young Man: Good Teacher! What must I do to gain life in the world to come?

Jesus: 18 You are calling Me good? Don’t you know that God and God alone is good? 19 Anyway, why ask Me that question? You know the Commandments of Moses: “Do not murder, do not commit adultery, do not steal, do not slander, do not defraud, and honor your father and mother.”[a]

Young Man: 20 Yes, Teacher, I have done all these since I was a child.

21 Then Jesus, looking at the young man, saw that he was sincere and responded out of His love for him.

Jesus: Son, there is still one thing you have not done. Go now. Sell everything you have and give the proceeds to the poor so that you will have treasure in heaven. After that, come, follow Me.

22 The young man went away sick at heart at these words because he was very wealthy,

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