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Psalm 78

A Contemplative Maskil of Asaph.

Give ear, O my people, to my teaching;
    incline your ears to the words of my mouth.
I will open my mouth in a parable;
    I will utter insightful sayings of old,
which we have heard and known,
    what our fathers have told us.
We will not hide them from their children,
    but will tell the coming generation
the praises of the Lord,
    and His strength, and the wonderful works that He has done.
For He established a rule in Jacob,
    and appointed a law in Israel,
which He commanded our fathers
    that they should make them known to their children,
that the generation to come might know them,
    even the children who are not yet born,
    who will arise and declare them to their children:
that they might set their hope in God
    and not forget the works of God,
    but keep His commandments,
and they might not be as their fathers,
    a stubborn and rebellious generation,
a generation that did not set their heart steadfast,
    and whose spirit was not faithful to God.

The people of Ephraim, being armed with bows,
    turned back in the day of battle.
10 They did not keep the covenant of God
    and refused to walk in His law;
11 and they forgot His works
    and the wonders that He had shown them.
12 In the sight of their ancestors He did marvelous wonders
    in the land of Egypt, in the field of Zoan.
13 He divided the sea and caused them to pass through,
    and He made the waters to stand as a heap.
14 In the daytime He led them with a cloud,
    and all the night with a light of fire.
15 He split rocks in the wilderness
    and gave them abundance to drink as out of the great depths.
16 He brought streams out of the rock
    and caused waters to run down like rivers.

17 They sinned yet more against Him
    by provoking the Most High in the wilderness.
18 They tested God in their heart
    by demanding the food that they craved.
19 They spoke against God by saying,
    “Can God furnish a table in the wilderness?
20 Behold, He struck the rock, so that the waters gushed out
    and the streams overflowed.
Can He give bread
    or provide meat for His people?”
21 Therefore the Lord heard this and was full of wrath;
    a fire was kindled against Jacob,
    and anger also came up against Israel,
22 because they did not believe in God
    nor trust in His deliverance.
23 Yet He had commanded the skies above
    and opened the doors of heaven,
24 and He rained down manna upon them to eat
    and gave them the grain of heaven.
25 Man ate the food of mighty angels;
    He sent them bread in abundance.
26 He caused an east wind to blow in the heavens,
    and by His power He brought out a south wind.
27 He rained meat on them as dust,
    and winged birds as the sand of the sea;
28 and He let them fall in the midst of their camp
    all around their habitations.
29 So they ate and were satisfied,
    for He gave them their own desire;
30 while they were not yet filled up,
    and while the meat was still in their mouths,
31 the wrath of God came upon them,
    and He killed the strongest of them
    and struck down the young men of Israel.

32 For all this they sinned still,
    and did not believe despite His wondrous works.
33 Therefore He made their days vanish like a breath,
    and their years in trouble.
34 When He killed them, then they sought Him;
    they turned back and longed for God.
35 They remembered that God was their rock,
    and the Most High God their redeemer.
36 Nevertheless they flattered Him with their mouth,
    and they lied to Him with their tongues;
37 for their heart was not devoted to Him,
    neither were they committed to His covenant.
38 But He being full of compassion
    forgave their iniquity
    and did not destroy them.
He constantly restrained His anger,
    and did not stir up all His wrath;
39 for He remembered that they were but flesh,
    like a wind that passes away and does not return.

40 How often they provoked Him in the wilderness
    and grieved Him in the desert!
41 Yes, they tested God over and over,
    and provoked the Holy One of Israel.
42 They did not remember His power,
    nor the day when He delivered them from the enemy,
43 how He had performed His signs in Egypt
    and His wonders in the fields of Zoan:
44 and He turned their rivers into blood,
    so that they could not drink from their streams.
45 He sent swarms of flies among them, which devoured them,
    and frogs, which destroyed them.
46 He gave also their crops to the grasshopper
    and the fruit of their labor to the locust.
47 He destroyed their vines with hail
    and their sycamore trees with frost.
48 He gave up their cattle also to the hail
    and their flocks to thunderbolts.
49 He cast upon them the fierceness of His anger,
    wrath, indignation, and trouble,
    by sending angels bringing disaster.
50 He made a path for His anger;
    He did not spare them from death,
    but gave their lives over to the plague,
51 And struck down all the firstborn in Egypt,
    the first fruits of their strength in the tents of Ham.
52 Then He led out His own people like sheep
    and guided them in the wilderness like a flock;
53 He led them in safety, so that they were not afraid,
    but the sea overwhelmed their enemies.
54 He brought them to the border of His holy land,
    to the mountain that His right hand had acquired.
55 He cast out the nations also before them,
    and divided for them their tribal allotments,
    and made the tribes of Israel dwell in their tents.

56 Yet they tested and provoked the Most High God,
    and did not keep His commands,
57 but turned back and acted unfaithfully like their fathers;
    they turned aside like a deceitful bow.
58 For they provoked Him to anger with their high places
    and moved Him to jealousy with their graven images.
59 When God heard this, He was full of wrath
    and greatly rejected Israel
60 so that He left the tabernacle at Shiloh,
    the tent where He lived among people,
61 and delivered His strength to captivity
    and His glory into the enemy’s hand.
62 He gave His people over also to the sword;
    He was enraged with His inheritance.
63 The fire consumed their young men,
    and their maidens were not given to marriage in song.
64 Their priests fell by the sword,
    and their widows made no lamentation.

65 Then the Lord awoke as one out of sleep,
    and like a mighty man who shouts because of wine.
66 He routed His enemies back,
    and He made them a perpetual reproach.
67 Moreover, He rejected the tent of Joseph,
    and He did not choose the tribe of Ephraim,
68 but chose the tribe of Judah,
    Mount Zion which He loves.
69 He built His sanctuary like the high heavens,
    like the earth that He has established perpetually.
70 He chose David His servant
    and took him from the sheepfolds;
71 from following the nursing ewes He brought him
    to shepherd Jacob His people,
    and Israel His inheritance.
72 So he shepherded them according to the integrity of his heart
    and guided them by the skillfulness of his hands.

God’s guidance of his people in spite of their unfaithfulness.

Maschil of Asaph.

78 Give ear, O my people, to my [a]law:
Incline your ears to the words of my mouth.
I will open my mouth in a parable;
I will utter dark sayings of old,
Which we have heard and known,
And our fathers have told us.
We will not hide them from their children,
Telling to the generation to come the praises of Jehovah,
And his strength, and his wondrous works that he hath done.
For he established a testimony in Jacob,
And appointed a law in Israel,
Which he commanded our fathers,
That they should make them known to their children;
That the generation to come might know them, even the children that should be born;
Who should arise and tell them to their children,
That they might set their hope in God,
And not forget the works of God,
But keep his commandments,
And might not be as their fathers,
A stubborn and rebellious generation,
A generation [b]that set not their heart aright,
And whose spirit was not stedfast with God.
The children of Ephraim, being armed and carrying bows,
Turned back in the day of battle.
10 They kept not the covenant of God,
And refused to walk in his law;
11 And they forgat his doings,
And his wondrous works that he had showed them.
12 Marvellous things did he in the sight of their fathers,
In the land of Egypt, in the field of Zoan.
13 He clave the sea, and caused them to pass through;
And he made the waters to stand as a heap.
14 In the day-time also he led them with a cloud,
And all the night with a light of fire.
15 He clave rocks in the wilderness,
And gave them drink abundantly as out of the depths.
16 He brought streams also out of the rock,
And caused waters to run down like rivers.
17 Yet went they on still to sin against him,
To rebel against the Most High in [c]the desert.
18 And they tempted God in their heart
By asking food [d]according to their desire.
19 Yea, they spake against God;
They said, Can God prepare a table in the wilderness?
20 Behold, he smote the rock, so that waters gushed out,
And streams overflowed;
Can he give bread also?
Will he provide flesh for his people?
21 Therefore Jehovah heard, and was wroth;
And a fire was kindled against Jacob,
And anger also went up against Israel;
22 Because they believed not in God,
And trusted not in his salvation.
23 Yet he commanded the skies above,
And opened the doors of heaven;
24 And he rained down manna upon them to eat,
And gave them [e]food from heaven.
25 [f]Man did eat the bread of the mighty:
He sent them food to the full.
26 He [g]caused the east wind to blow in the heavens;
And by his power he guided the south wind.
27 He rained flesh also upon them as the dust,
And winged birds as the sand of the seas:
28 And he let it fall in the midst of their camp,
Round about their habitations.
29 So they did eat, and were well filled;
And he gave them their own desire.
30 They were not estranged from that which they desired,
Their food was yet in their mouths,
31 When the anger of God went up against them,
And slew of the fattest of them,
And smote down the young men of Israel.
32 For all this they sinned still,
And believed not in his wondrous works.
33 Therefore their days did he consume in vanity,
And their years in terror.
34 When he slew them, then they inquired after him;
And they returned and sought God earnestly.
35 And they remembered that God was their rock,
And the Most High God their redeemer.
36 But they flattered him with their mouth,
And lied unto him with their tongue.
37 For their heart was not [h]right with him,
Neither were they faithful in his covenant.
38 But he, being merciful, forgave their iniquity, and destroyed them not:
Yea, many a time turned he his anger away,
And did not stir up all his wrath.
39 And he remembered that they were but flesh,
A wind that passeth away, and cometh not again.
40 How oft did they rebel against him in the wilderness,
And grieve him in the desert!
41 And they turned again and tempted God,
And [i]provoked the Holy One of Israel.
42 They remembered not his hand,
Nor the day when he redeemed them from the adversary;
43 How he set his signs in Egypt,
And his wonders in the field of Zoan,
44 And turned their rivers into blood,
And their streams, so that they could not drink.
45 He sent among them swarms of flies, which devoured them;
And frogs, which destroyed them.
46 He gave also their increase unto the caterpillar,
And their labor unto the locust.
47 He [j]destroyed their vines with hail,
And their sycomore-trees with [k]frost.
48 He gave over their cattle also to the hail,
And their flocks to hot thunderbolts.
49 He cast upon them the fierceness of his anger,
Wrath, and indignation, and trouble,
[l]A band of angels of evil.
50 He [m]made a path for his anger;
He spared not their soul from death,
But gave [n]their life over to the pestilence,
51 And smote all the first-born in Egypt,
The [o]chief of their strength in the tents of Ham.
52 But he led forth his own people like sheep,
And guided them in the wilderness like a flock.
53 And he led them safely, so that they feared not;
But the sea overwhelmed their enemies.
54 And he brought them to [p]the border of his sanctuary,
To this [q]mountain, which his right hand had gotten.
55 He drove out the nations also before them,
And allotted them for an inheritance by line,
And made the tribes of Israel to dwell in their tents.
56 Yet they tempted and rebelled against the Most High God,
And kept not his testimonies;
57 But turned back, and dealt treacherously like their fathers:
They were turned aside like a deceitful bow.
58 For they provoked him to anger with their high places,
And moved him to jealousy with their graven images.
59 When God heard this, he was wroth,
And greatly abhorred Israel;
60 So that he forsook the tabernacle of Shiloh,
The tent which he placed among men;
61 And delivered his strength into captivity,
And his glory into the adversary’s hand.
62 He gave his people over also unto the sword,
And was wroth with his inheritance.
63 Fire devoured their young men;
And their virgins had no marriage-song.
64 Their priests fell by the sword;
And their widows made no lamentation.
65 Then the Lord awaked as one out of sleep,
Like a mighty man that shouteth by reason of wine.
66 And he smote his adversaries backward:
He put them to a perpetual reproach.
67 Moreover he refused the tent of Joseph,
And chose not the tribe of Ephraim,
68 But chose the tribe of Judah,
The mount Zion which he loved.
69 And he built his sanctuary like the heights,
Like the earth which he hath established for ever.
70 He chose David also his servant,
And took him from the sheepfolds:
71 From following the ewes that have their young he brought him,
To be the shepherd of Jacob his people, and Israel his inheritance.
72 So he was their shepherd according to the integrity of his heart,
And guided them by the skilfulness of his hands.

Footnotes

  1. Psalm 78:1 Or, teaching
  2. Psalm 78:8 Or, that prepared not their heart
  3. Psalm 78:17 Or, a dry land
  4. Psalm 78:18 Or, for themselves
  5. Psalm 78:24 Hebrew grain.
  6. Psalm 78:25 Or, Every one
  7. Psalm 78:26 Hebrew led forth the east wind.
  8. Psalm 78:37 Or, stedfast
  9. Psalm 78:41 Or, limited
  10. Psalm 78:47 Hebrew killed.
  11. Psalm 78:47 Or, great hailstones
  12. Psalm 78:49 Hebrew A sending.
  13. Psalm 78:50 Hebrew levelled.
  14. Psalm 78:50 Or, their beasts to the murrain
  15. Psalm 78:51 Hebrew beginning. See Dt. 21:17.
  16. Psalm 78:54 Or, his holy border
  17. Psalm 78:54 Or, mountain land