Proverbs 31
Legacy Standard Bible
A Mother’s Oracle
31 The words of King Lemuel, the [a]oracle unto which his mother disciplined him:
2 What, O my son?
And what, O (A)son of my womb?
And what, O son of my (B)vows?
3 (C)Do not give your excellence to women,
Or your ways to that which (D)blots out kings.
4 It is not for (E)kings, O Lemuel,
It is not for kings to (F)drink wine,
Or for rulers to desire strong drink,
5 Lest he drink and forget what is decreed,
And (G)pervert the justice of all the [b]afflicted.
6 Give strong drink to him who is (H)perishing,
And wine to those (I)whose soul is bitter.
7 Let him drink and forget his poverty
And he will not remember his trouble any longer.
8 (J)Open your mouth for the mute,
For the justice of all those [c]passing away.
9 Open your mouth, (K)judge righteously,
And render (L)justice to the afflicted and needy.
A Woman Who Fears Yahweh
Aleph
Beth
11 The heart of her husband trusts in her,
And he will have no lack of gain.
Gimel
12 She deals bountifully with him for good and not evil
All the days of her life.
Daleth
He
14 She is like (O)merchant ships;
She brings her food from afar.
Vav
15 And she (P)rises while it is still night,
And (Q)gives [g]food to her household
And a [h]portion to her young women.
Zayin
16 She makes plans for a field and buys it;
From the fruit of her [i]hands she plants a vineyard.
Heth
Teth
18 She senses that her gain is good;
Her lamp does not go out at night.
Yodh
19 She stretches out her hands to the distaff,
And her [k]hands hold fast the spindle.
Kaph
Lamedh
21 She is not afraid of the snow for her household,
For all her household are (T)clothed with scarlet.
Mem
Nun
23 Her husband is known (X)in the gates,
When he sits with the elders of the land.
Samekh
Ayin
Pe
Tsadhe
Qoph
28 Her children rise up and bless her;
As for her husband, he also praises her, saying:
Resh
29 “Many daughters have done excellently,
But you have gone above them all.”
Shin
30 [q]Charm is deceitful and beauty is vain,
But a woman who [r](AC)fears Yahweh, she shall be praised.
Tav
31 Give to her from the fruit of her hands,
And let her works praise her in the gates.
Footnotes
- Proverbs 31:1 Or burden
- Proverbs 31:5 Lit sons of affliction
- Proverbs 31:8 Lit sons of passing away
- Proverbs 31:10 Lit a woman of excellence, a woman of strength
- Proverbs 31:13 Lit palms
- Proverbs 31:13 Or willingly
- Proverbs 31:15 Lit prey
- Proverbs 31:15 Or prescribed task
- Proverbs 31:16 Lit palms
- Proverbs 31:17 Lit her loins
- Proverbs 31:19 Lit palms
- Proverbs 31:20 Lit spreads out her palm
- Proverbs 31:24 Lit Canaanite
- Proverbs 31:25 Lit latter days
- Proverbs 31:26 Or law
- Proverbs 31:27 Lit being a sluggard
- Proverbs 31:30 Lit Gracefulness
- Proverbs 31:30 Or reverences
Proverbs 31
Evangelical Heritage Version
The Sayings of Lemuel
31 The words of Lemuel, a king.
An oracle[a] that his mother used, to teach him discipline:
2 What are you doing,[b] my son!
What are you doing, son from my womb!
What are you doing, son of my vows!
3 Do not give your strength to women.
Do not give your ways to those who destroy kings.
4 It is not for kings, Lemuel,
it is not for kings to drink wine,
nor for rulers to crave beer.
5 If he does, he will drink and forget what is decreed.
He will change the legal rights of all the oppressed.
6 Give beer to someone who is perishing
and wine to one whose soul is bitter.
7 He will drink and forget his poverty,
and he will no longer remember his trouble.
8 Speak up for those who cannot speak.
Speak for the rights of all those who are defenseless.
9 Speak up, judge fairly,
and defend the oppressed and needy.
The Strong Wife[c]
10 Who can find a wife with strong character?[d]
Her value is greater than that of gems.
11 Her husband’s heart trusts her,
and he never lacks wealth.[e]
12 She does good for him and not evil
all the days of her life.
13 She obtains wool and flax.
She eagerly works it with her hands.
14 She is like merchant ships.
She brings her food from far away.
15 She rises while it is still night.
She gives food[f] to her household.
She gives their share to her female servants.
16 She considers a field and acquires it.
From her own income,[g] she plants a vineyard.
17 She wraps strength around her waist like a belt,
and she makes her arms strong.
18 She realizes that she makes a good profit.
Her lamp does not go out at night.
19 She stretches out her hands for the distaff,
and the palms of her hands grasp the spindle.[h]
20 She opens the palm of her hand to the oppressed,
and she stretches out her hands to the needy.
21 She does not fear for her household on account of snow,
because her entire household is clothed in scarlet clothing.[i]
22 She makes bedspreads for herself.
Fine linen and purple cloth are her clothing.
23 Her husband is known at the city gates,
where he sits with the elders of the land.
24 She makes linen garments and sells them,
and she delivers belts to the merchants.
25 Strength and honor are her clothing,
and she laughs at the days to come.
26 She opens her mouth with wisdom,
and kind instruction is on her tongue.
27 She keeps a close eye on the conduct of her household,
and she does not eat bread that she did not work for.
28 Her children rise up and bless her.
Her husband rises up and praises her:
29 “Many daughters show strong character,
but you have surpassed all of them.”
30 Charm is deceptive, and beauty is vapor that vanishes,
but a woman who fears the Lord should be praised.
31 Give her credit for the fruit of her hands,
and let her accomplishments praise her in the city gates.
Footnotes
- Proverbs 31:1 The word translated an oracle may also be translated of Massa and placed with the preceding line.
- Proverbs 31:2 The Hebrew has only the single word What.
- Proverbs 31:10 This closing poem of the book is an alphabetic acrostic, which means successive verses begin with successive letters of the Hebrew alphabet. This gives an impression of covering every aspect of the topic from A to Z.
- Proverbs 31:10 Literally a woman of strength. The Hebrew term for strength may refer to economic power, political power, military power, or strong character. Here the emphasis is on her economic contribution to the family, which is a reflection of her dedication to her family and her community.
- Proverbs 31:11 The Hebrew word translated wealth usually refers to loot or spoils of war, not to regular income. Perhaps it highlights her strenuous effort.
- Proverbs 31:15 The word translated food usually refers to prey torn by animals, not to food for humans.
- Proverbs 31:16 Literally the fruit of her hands
- Proverbs 31:19 Distaff and spindle are implements used in spinning thread or yarn.
- Proverbs 31:21 Or, with the ancient versions, double clothing
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