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On Life and Conduct

23 When you sit down to dine with a ruler,
Consider carefully what is [set] before you;

For you will put a knife to your throat
If you are a man of great appetite.

Do not desire his delicacies,
For it is deceptive food [offered to you with questionable motives].


Do not weary yourself [with the overwhelming desire] to gain wealth;
Cease from your own understanding of it.(A)

When you set your eyes on wealth, it is [suddenly] gone.
For wealth certainly makes itself wings
Like an eagle that flies to the heavens.


Do not eat the bread of a selfish man,
Or desire his delicacies;

For as he thinks in his heart, so is he [in behavior—one who manipulates].
He says to you, “Eat and drink,”
Yet his heart is not with you [but it is begrudging the cost].

The morsel which you have eaten you will vomit up,
And you will waste your compliments.


Do not speak in the ears of a fool,
For he will despise the [godly] wisdom of your words.(B)

10 
Do not move the ancient landmark [at the boundary of the property]
And do not go into the fields of the fatherless [to take what is theirs],(C)
11 
For their Redeemer is strong and mighty;
He will plead their case against you.
12 
Apply your heart to discipline
And your ears to words of knowledge.

13 
Do not withhold discipline from the child;
If you [a]swat him with a reed-like rod [applied with godly wisdom], he will not die.
14 
You shall [b]swat him with the reed-like rod
And rescue his life from Sheol (the nether world, the place of the dead).

15 
My son, if your heart is wise,
My heart will also be glad;
16 
Yes, my heart will rejoice
When your lips speak right things.

17 
Do not let your heart envy sinners [who live godless lives and have no hope of salvation],
But [continue to] live in the [reverent, worshipful] fear of the Lord day by day.
18 
Surely there is a future [and a reward],
And your hope and expectation will not be cut off.
19 
Listen, my son, and be wise,
And direct your heart in the way [of the Lord].
20 
Do not associate with heavy drinkers of wine,
Or with gluttonous eaters of meat,(D)
21 
For the heavy drinker and the glutton will come to poverty,
And the drowsiness [of overindulgence] will clothe one with rags.

22 
Listen to your father, who sired you,
And do not despise your mother when she is old.
23 
[c]Buy truth, and do not sell it;
Get wisdom and instruction and understanding.

24 
The father of the righteous will greatly rejoice,
And he who sires a wise child will have joy in him.
25 
Let your father and your mother be glad,
And let her who gave birth to you rejoice [in your wise and godly choices].

26 
My son, give me your heart
And let your eyes delight in my ways,
27 
For a prostitute is a deep pit,
And an immoral woman is a narrow well.
28 
She lurks and lies in wait like a robber [who waits for prey],
And she increases the faithless among men.

29 
Who has woe? Who has sorrow?
Who has strife? Who has complaining?
Who has wounds without cause?
Whose eyes are red and dim?
30 
Those who linger long over wine,
Those who go to taste mixed wine.(E)
31 
Do not look at wine when it is red,
When it sparkles in the glass,
When it goes down smoothly.
32 
At the last it bites like a serpent
And stings like a viper.
33 
Your [drunken] eyes will see strange things
And your mind will utter perverse things [untrue things, twisted things].
34 
And you will be [as unsteady] as one who lies down in the middle of the sea,
And [as vulnerable to disaster] as one who lies down on the top of a ship’s mast, saying,
35 
“They struck me, but I was not hurt!
They beat me, but I did not feel it!
When will I wake up?
I will seek more wine.”

Precepts and Warnings

24 Do not be envious of evil men,
Nor desire to be with them;

For their minds plot violence,
And their lips talk of trouble [for the innocent].


Through [skillful and godly] wisdom a house [a life, a home, a family] is built,
And by understanding it is established [on a sound and good foundation],

And by knowledge its rooms are filled
With all precious and pleasant riches.


A wise man is strong,
And a man of knowledge strengthens his power;(F)

For by wise guidance you can wage your war,
And in an abundance of [wise] counselors there is victory and safety.


Wisdom is too exalted for a [hardened, arrogant] [d]fool;
He does not open his mouth in the gate [where the city’s rulers sit in judgment].


He who plans to do evil
Will be called a schemer or deviser of evil.

The devising of folly is sin,
And the scoffer is repulsive to men.

10 
If you are slack (careless) in the day of distress,
Your strength is limited.

11 
Rescue those who are being taken away to death,
And those who stagger to the slaughter, Oh hold them back [from their doom]!
12 
If you [claim ignorance and] say, “See, we did not know this,”
Does He not consider it who weighs and examines the hearts and their motives?
And does He not know it who guards your life and keeps your soul?
And will He not repay [you and] every man according to his works?

13 
My son, eat honey, because it is good,
And the drippings of the honeycomb are sweet to your taste.
14 
Know that [skillful and godly] wisdom is [so very good] for your life and soul;
If you find wisdom, then there will be a future and a reward,
And your hope and expectation will not be cut off.

15 
Do not lie in wait, O wicked man, against the dwelling of the righteous;
Do not destroy his resting place;
16 
For a righteous man falls seven times, and rises again,
But the wicked stumble in time of disaster and collapse.(G)

17 
Do not rejoice and gloat when your enemy falls,
And do not let your heart be glad [in self-righteousness] when he stumbles,
18 
Or the Lord will see your gloating and be displeased,
And turn His anger away from your enemy.

19 
Do not get upset because of evildoers,
Or be envious of the wicked,
20 
For there will be no future for the evil man;
The lamp of the wicked will be put out.

21 
My son, fear the Lord and the king;
And do not associate with those who are given to change [of allegiance, and are revolutionary],
22 
For their tragedy will rise suddenly,
And who knows the punishment that both [the Lord and the king] will bring on the rebellious?

23 
These also are sayings of the wise:
To show partiality in judgment is not good.
24 
He who says to the wicked, “You are righteous,”
Peoples will curse him, nations will denounce him;
25 
But to those [honorable judges] who rebuke the wicked, it will go well with them and they will find delight,
And a good blessing will come upon them.
26 
He kisses the lips [and wins the hearts of people]
Who gives a right and straightforward answer.

27 
Prepare your work outside
And get it ready for yourself in the field;
[e]Afterward build your house and establish a home.

28 
Do not be a witness against your [f]neighbor without cause,
And do not deceive with your lips [speak neither lies nor half-truths].(H)
29 
Do not say, “I will do to him as he has done to me;
I will pay the man back for his deed.”(I)

30 
I went by the field of the lazy man,
And by the vineyard of the man lacking understanding and common sense;
31 
And, behold, it was all overgrown with thorns,
And nettles were covering its surface,
And its stone wall was broken down.
32 
When I saw, I considered it well;
I looked and received instruction.
33 
“Yet a little sleep, a little slumber,
A little folding of the hands to rest [and daydream],”
34 
Then your poverty will come as a robber,
And your want like an armed man.

Notas al pie

  1. Proverbs 23:13 Lit smite.
  2. Proverbs 23:14 Lit smite.
  3. Proverbs 23:23 The ancient rabbis routinely assumed “truth” to refer to the Torah (Law), and they interpreted the first part of this command to mean that a student should pay a teacher to teach him the Torah if he can find no one to teach him for free. As for the second part, they said that if the student had to pay to learn, he should not view this as grounds to charge for teaching others, but should teach the Torah for free.
  4. Proverbs 24:7 See note 1:7.
  5. Proverbs 24:27 Establishing your priorities and proceeding in an orderly manner brings its own reward.
  6. Proverbs 24:28 I.e. anyone who comes into your life, not necessarily one who lives nearby.

Saying 7

23 When you sit to dine with a ruler,
    note well what[a] is before you,
and put a knife to your throat
    if you are given to gluttony.
Do not crave his delicacies,(A)
    for that food is deceptive.

Saying 8

Do not wear yourself out to get rich;
    do not trust your own cleverness.
Cast but a glance at riches, and they are gone,(B)
    for they will surely sprout wings
    and fly off to the sky like an eagle.(C)

Saying 9

Do not eat the food of a begrudging host,
    do not crave his delicacies;(D)
for he is the kind of person
    who is always thinking about the cost.[b]
“Eat and drink,” he says to you,
    but his heart is not with you.
You will vomit up the little you have eaten
    and will have wasted your compliments.

Saying 10

Do not speak to fools,
    for they will scorn your prudent words.(E)

Saying 11

10 Do not move an ancient boundary stone(F)
    or encroach on the fields of the fatherless,
11 for their Defender(G) is strong;(H)
    he will take up their case against you.(I)

Saying 12

12 Apply your heart to instruction(J)
    and your ears to words of knowledge.

Saying 13

13 Do not withhold discipline from a child;
    if you punish them with the rod, they will not die.
14 Punish them with the rod
    and save them from death.(K)

Saying 14

15 My son, if your heart is wise,
    then my heart will be glad indeed;
16 my inmost being will rejoice
    when your lips speak what is right.(L)

Saying 15

17 Do not let your heart envy(M) sinners,
    but always be zealous for the fear of the Lord.
18 There is surely a future hope for you,
    and your hope will not be cut off.(N)

Saying 16

19 Listen, my son,(O) and be wise,
    and set your heart on the right path:
20 Do not join those who drink too much wine(P)
    or gorge themselves on meat,
21 for drunkards and gluttons become poor,(Q)
    and drowsiness clothes them in rags.

Saying 17

22 Listen to your father, who gave you life,
    and do not despise your mother when she is old.(R)
23 Buy the truth and do not sell it—
    wisdom, instruction and insight as well.(S)
24 The father of a righteous child has great joy;
    a man who fathers a wise son rejoices in him.(T)
25 May your father and mother rejoice;
    may she who gave you birth be joyful!(U)

Saying 18

26 My son,(V) give me your heart
    and let your eyes delight in my ways,(W)
27 for an adulterous woman is a deep pit,(X)
    and a wayward wife is a narrow well.
28 Like a bandit she lies in wait(Y)
    and multiplies the unfaithful among men.

Saying 19

29 Who has woe? Who has sorrow?
    Who has strife? Who has complaints?
    Who has needless bruises? Who has bloodshot eyes?
30 Those who linger over wine,(Z)
    who go to sample bowls of mixed wine.
31 Do not gaze at wine when it is red,
    when it sparkles in the cup,
    when it goes down smoothly!
32 In the end it bites like a snake
    and poisons like a viper.
33 Your eyes will see strange sights,
    and your mind will imagine confusing things.
34 You will be like one sleeping on the high seas,
    lying on top of the rigging.
35 “They hit me,” you will say, “but I’m not hurt!
    They beat me, but I don’t feel it!
When will I wake up
    so I can find another drink?”(AA)

Saying 20

24 Do not envy(AB) the wicked,
    do not desire their company;
for their hearts plot violence,(AC)
    and their lips talk about making trouble.(AD)

Saying 21

By wisdom a house is built,(AE)
    and through understanding it is established;
through knowledge its rooms are filled
    with rare and beautiful treasures.(AF)

Saying 22

The wise prevail through great power,
    and those who have knowledge muster their strength.
Surely you need guidance to wage war,
    and victory is won through many advisers.(AG)

Saying 23

Wisdom is too high for fools;
    in the assembly at the gate they must not open their mouths.

Saying 24

Whoever plots evil
    will be known as a schemer.
The schemes of folly are sin,
    and people detest a mocker.

Saying 25

10 If you falter in a time of trouble,
    how small is your strength!(AH)
11 Rescue those being led away to death;
    hold back those staggering toward slaughter.(AI)
12 If you say, “But we knew nothing about this,”
    does not he who weighs(AJ) the heart perceive it?
Does not he who guards your life know it?
    Will he not repay(AK) everyone according to what they have done?(AL)

Saying 26

13 Eat honey, my son, for it is good;
    honey from the comb is sweet to your taste.
14 Know also that wisdom is like honey for you:
    If you find it, there is a future hope for you,
    and your hope will not be cut off.(AM)

Saying 27

15 Do not lurk like a thief near the house of the righteous,
    do not plunder their dwelling place;
16 for though the righteous fall seven times, they rise again,
    but the wicked stumble when calamity strikes.(AN)

Saying 28

17 Do not gloat(AO) when your enemy falls;
    when they stumble, do not let your heart rejoice,(AP)
18 or the Lord will see and disapprove
    and turn his wrath away from them.(AQ)

Saying 29

19 Do not fret(AR) because of evildoers
    or be envious of the wicked,
20 for the evildoer has no future hope,
    and the lamp of the wicked will be snuffed out.(AS)

Saying 30

21 Fear the Lord and the king,(AT) my son,
    and do not join with rebellious officials,
22 for those two will send sudden destruction(AU) on them,
    and who knows what calamities they can bring?

Further Sayings of the Wise

23 These also are sayings of the wise:(AV)

To show partiality(AW) in judging is not good:(AX)
24 Whoever says to the guilty, “You are innocent,”(AY)
    will be cursed by peoples and denounced by nations.
25 But it will go well with those who convict the guilty,
    and rich blessing will come on them.

26 An honest answer
    is like a kiss on the lips.

27 Put your outdoor work in order
    and get your fields ready;
    after that, build your house.

28 Do not testify against your neighbor without cause(AZ)
    would you use your lips to mislead?
29 Do not say, “I’ll do to them as they have done to me;
    I’ll pay them back for what they did.”(BA)

30 I went past the field of a sluggard,(BB)
    past the vineyard of someone who has no sense;
31 thorns had come up everywhere,
    the ground was covered with weeds,
    and the stone wall was in ruins.
32 I applied my heart to what I observed
    and learned a lesson from what I saw:
33 A little sleep, a little slumber,
    a little folding of the hands to rest(BC)
34 and poverty will come on you like a thief
    and scarcity like an armed man.(BD)

Notas al pie

  1. Proverbs 23:1 Or who
  2. Proverbs 23:7 Or for as he thinks within himself, / so he is; or for as he puts on a feast, / so he is