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El fiador

Hijo mío, si has salido fiador de tu prójimo,
si has cerrado un trato con un extraño,
si has empeñado tu palabra
y has quedado obligado por lo dicho,
haz lo siguiente, hijo mío, para salir bien librado,
pues has caído en manos de tu prójimo:
Trágate el orgullo e importuna a tu prójimo;
no te entregues al sueño
ni te des un instante de reposo;
escapa cual gacela de la trampa,
como ave de la red del cazador.

El perezoso

Mira a la hormiga, perezoso,
observa su conducta y aprende:
aunque no tiene jefe,
ni inspector, ni gobernante,
prepara en el verano su alimento,
en tiempo de siega almacena su comida.
¿Cuánto tiempo dormirás, perezoso?
¿Cuándo te levantarás del sueño?
10 Un rato de sueño, otro de siesta,
cruzas los brazos y a descansar;
11 y te asalta como un bandido la pobreza
y la penuria como un hombre armado.

El malhechor

12 El perverso y malhechor
camina con gesto torcido,
13 mirando con mala intención,
arrastrando los pies,
señalando con los dedos,
14 urdiendo maldades en su mente perversa
y provocando riñas continuamente.
15 Por eso llegará su ruina repentina,
será destruido de inmediato y sin remedio.

Siete cosas detestables

16 Hay seis cosas que detesta el Señor
y una séptima que aborrece del todo:
17 ojos altaneros, lengua mentirosa,
manos manchadas de sangre inocente,
18 mente que trama planes perversos,
pies ligeros para correr hacia el mal,
19 testigo falso que difunde mentiras
y el que atiza discordias entre hermanos.

Sobre el adulterio

20 Cumple, hijo mío, los mandatos de tu padre
y no desprecies las enseñanzas de tu madre.
21 Llévalos siempre grabados en tu mente
y átalos alrededor de tu cuello.
22 Cuando camines, te guiarán;
cuando te acuestes, te protegerán;
cuando despiertes, conversarán contigo.
23 Porque el mandato es lámpara, la enseñanza es luz
y la reprensión que corrige es camino de vida.
24 Te protegerán de la mujer mala,
de la lengua melosa de la extraña.
25 No te dejes seducir por su belleza,
ni te dejes cautivar por sus miradas.
26 Pues a la prostituta basta una hogaza de pan,
mas la casada persigue a personas valiosas.
27 Nadie puede llevar fuego en su pecho
sin que se le queme la ropa;
28 nadie puede caminar sobre ascuas
sin abrasarse los pies;
29 así sucede a quien va tras la mujer del prójimo:
quien la toque no quedará impune.
30 Al ladrón se le desprecia aunque robe
para saciar el estómago hambriento;
31 si lo sorprenden, pagará siete veces
y entregará todos los bienes de su casa.
32 El adúltero es un insensato,
actuando así arruina su vida;
33 tendrá que soportar palos e insultos
y no podrá borrar su infamia.
34 Porque los celos enfurecen al marido
y su venganza será implacable;
35 no admitirá compensaciones,
no se calmará aunque multipliques los regalos.

Warnings Against Folly

My son,(A) if you have put up security(B) for your neighbor,(C)
    if you have shaken hands in pledge(D) for a stranger,
you have been trapped by what you said,
    ensnared by the words of your mouth.
So do this, my son, to free yourself,
    since you have fallen into your neighbor’s hands:
Go—to the point of exhaustion—[a]
    and give your neighbor no rest!
Allow no sleep to your eyes,
    no slumber to your eyelids.(E)
Free yourself, like a gazelle(F) from the hand of the hunter,(G)
    like a bird from the snare of the fowler.(H)

Go to the ant, you sluggard;(I)
    consider its ways and be wise!
It has no commander,
    no overseer or ruler,
yet it stores its provisions in summer(J)
    and gathers its food at harvest.(K)

How long will you lie there, you sluggard?(L)
    When will you get up from your sleep?
10 A little sleep, a little slumber,
    a little folding of the hands to rest(M)
11 and poverty(N) will come on you like a thief
    and scarcity like an armed man.

12 A troublemaker and a villain,
    who goes about with a corrupt mouth,
13     who winks maliciously with his eye,(O)
    signals with his feet
    and motions with his fingers,(P)
14     who plots evil(Q) with deceit in his heart—
    he always stirs up conflict.(R)
15 Therefore disaster will overtake him in an instant;(S)
    he will suddenly(T) be destroyed—without remedy.(U)

16 There are six things the Lord hates,(V)
    seven that are detestable to him:
17         haughty eyes,(W)
        a lying tongue,(X)
        hands that shed innocent blood,(Y)
18         a heart that devises wicked schemes,
        feet that are quick to rush into evil,(Z)
19         a false witness(AA) who pours out lies(AB)
        and a person who stirs up conflict in the community.(AC)

Warning Against Adultery

20 My son,(AD) keep your father’s command
    and do not forsake your mother’s teaching.(AE)
21 Bind them always on your heart;
    fasten them around your neck.(AF)
22 When you walk, they will guide you;
    when you sleep, they will watch over you;
    when you awake, they will speak to you.
23 For this command is a lamp,
    this teaching is a light,(AG)
and correction and instruction
    are the way to life,(AH)
24 keeping you from your neighbor’s wife,
    from the smooth talk of a wayward woman.(AI)

25 Do not lust in your heart after her beauty
    or let her captivate you with her eyes.

26 For a prostitute can be had for a loaf of bread,
    but another man’s wife preys on your very life.(AJ)
27 Can a man scoop fire into his lap
    without his clothes being burned?
28 Can a man walk on hot coals
    without his feet being scorched?
29 So is he who sleeps(AK) with another man’s wife;(AL)
    no one who touches her will go unpunished.

30 People do not despise a thief if he steals
    to satisfy his hunger when he is starving.
31 Yet if he is caught, he must pay sevenfold,(AM)
    though it costs him all the wealth of his house.
32 But a man who commits adultery(AN) has no sense;(AO)
    whoever does so destroys himself.
33 Blows and disgrace are his lot,
    and his shame will never(AP) be wiped away.

34 For jealousy(AQ) arouses a husband’s fury,(AR)
    and he will show no mercy when he takes revenge.
35 He will not accept any compensation;
    he will refuse a bribe, however great it is.(AS)

Footnotes

  1. Proverbs 6:3 Or Go and humble yourself,

Varning för olika slags dårskap

(A) Min son, har du gått i borgen

        för din nästa
    och gett ditt handslag
        åt en främling?
Har du blivit snärjd av dina ord
    och fångad av vad din mun
        har sagt?
Gör då så här, min son,
    för att rädda dig när du hamnat
        i din nästas våld:
    Gå och ödmjuka dig
        och ge honom ingen ro,
(B) unna inte dina ögon någon sömn
    eller dina ögonlock en blund,
(C) rädda dig som en gasell
        ur hans grepp
    och en fågel ur jägarens våld.

(D) Gå till myran, du late,
    se hur hon gör och bli vis.
Hon har varken furste,
    förman eller herre,
(E) men hon skaffar sin föda
        om sommaren
    och samlar sin mat
        under skördetiden.
Hur länge ska du ligga, du late?
    När ska du resa dig
        ur din sömn?
10 (F) Sov lite till, slumra lite till,
    ligg lite till med armarna i kors,
11 (G) så kommer fattigdomen över dig
        som en rövare[a]
    och nöden som en beväpnad man.

12 (H) En fördärvad människa,
        en ond man
    är den som går
        med falskhet i sin mun,
13 (I) som blinkar med ögonen,
        skrapar med foten,
    gör tecken med fingrarna.
14 Han har svek i sitt hjärta,
    han smider ständigt onda planer
        och skapar gräl.
15 Därför kommer hans olycka
        med hast,
    han krossas plötsligt utan räddning.

16 Sex saker är det som Herren hatar,
    sju som han avskyr:
17 (J) stolta ögon, en falsk tunga,
    händer som spiller oskyldigt blod,
18 (K) ett hjärta som smider onda planer,
    fötter som skyndar
        till det som är ont,
19 (L) ett falskt vittne som främjar lögn
    och den som skapar gräl
        mellan bröder.

Varning för äktenskapsbrott

20 (M) Min son, håll fast vid din fars bud
    och förkasta inte
        din mors undervisning.
21 (N) Bär dem alltid
        bundna vid ditt hjärta,
    fäst dem vid din hals.
22 (O) Låt dem leda dig när du går,
    vaka över dig när du ligger
        och tala till dig när du vaknar.

23 (P) Budet är en lykta
        och undervisningen ett ljus,
    förmanande tillrättavisning
        är en väg till livet.
24 (Q) De ska bevara dig
        från den onda kvinnan[b],
    från den främmandes hala tunga.
25 Ha inte begär i ditt hjärta
        till hennes skönhet
    och låt henne inte fånga dig
        med sina blickar,
26 för en prostituerad
        kan ta din sista brödbit,
    men en gift kvinna
        jagar din dyrbara själ[c].
27 Kan man bära eld i sin famn
    utan att kläderna blir brända?
28 Eller kan man gå på glödande kol
    utan att fötterna blir svedda?
29 Så går det den
        som går in till sin nästas hustru,
    ingen som rör henne
        blir ostraffad.

30 Föraktar man inte[d] tjuven som stjäl
    för att äta sig mätt
        när han är hungrig?
31 (R) Blir han ertappad
        får han betala sjufalt[e]
    och ge ifrån sig allt han har
        i sitt hus.
32 Den som begår äktenskapsbrott
        saknar vett,
    den som gör så fördärvar sitt liv.
33 Plåga och skam är vad han vinner,
    hans vanära utplånas aldrig,
34 (S) för mannens vrede är svartsjuk,
    han skonar inte på hämndens dag.
35 Han tar inte emot
        några försoningsgåvor,
    han bryr sig inte om
        dina stora mutor.

Footnotes

  1. 6:11 rövare   Annan översättning: ”lösdrivare”.
  2. 6:24 den onda kvinnan   Annan översättning: ”din nästas hustru”.
  3. 6:26 jagar din dyrbara själ   Äktenskapsbrott är en synd som straffades med döden (5 Mos 22:22).
  4. 6:30 Föraktar man inte   Annan översättning: ”Man föraktar inte”.
  5. 6:31 sjufalt   Symbolisk förstärkning (jfr Matt 18:21). Tjuvar bötade normalt mindre än så (jfr Luk 19:8).

My son, if thou be surety for thy friend, if thou hast stricken thy hand with a stranger,

Thou art snared with the words of thy mouth, thou art taken with the words of thy mouth.

Do this now, my son, and deliver thyself, when thou art come into the hand of thy friend; go, humble thyself, and make sure thy friend.

Give not sleep to thine eyes, nor slumber to thine eyelids.

Deliver thyself as a roe from the hand of the hunter, and as a bird from the hand of the fowler.

Go to the ant, thou sluggard; consider her ways, and be wise:

Which having no guide, overseer, or ruler,

Provideth her meat in the summer, and gathereth her food in the harvest.

How long wilt thou sleep, O sluggard? when wilt thou arise out of thy sleep?

10 Yet a little sleep, a little slumber, a little folding of the hands to sleep:

11 So shall thy poverty come as one that travelleth, and thy want as an armed man.

12 A naughty person, a wicked man, walketh with a froward mouth.

13 He winketh with his eyes, he speaketh with his feet, he teacheth with his fingers;

14 Frowardness is in his heart, he deviseth mischief continually; he soweth discord.

15 Therefore shall his calamity come suddenly; suddenly shall he be broken without remedy.

16 These six things doth the Lord hate: yea, seven are an abomination unto him:

17 A proud look, a lying tongue, and hands that shed innocent blood,

18 An heart that deviseth wicked imaginations, feet that be swift in running to mischief,

19 A false witness that speaketh lies, and he that soweth discord among brethren.

20 My son, keep thy father's commandment, and forsake not the law of thy mother:

21 Bind them continually upon thine heart, and tie them about thy neck.

22 When thou goest, it shall lead thee; when thou sleepest, it shall keep thee; and when thou awakest, it shall talk with thee.

23 For the commandment is a lamp; and the law is light; and reproofs of instruction are the way of life:

24 To keep thee from the evil woman, from the flattery of the tongue of a strange woman.

25 Lust not after her beauty in thine heart; neither let her take thee with her eyelids.

26 For by means of a whorish woman a man is brought to a piece of bread: and the adultress will hunt for the precious life.

27 Can a man take fire in his bosom, and his clothes not be burned?

28 Can one go upon hot coals, and his feet not be burned?

29 So he that goeth in to his neighbour's wife; whosoever toucheth her shall not be innocent.

30 Men do not despise a thief, if he steal to satisfy his soul when he is hungry;

31 But if he be found, he shall restore sevenfold; he shall give all the substance of his house.

32 But whoso committeth adultery with a woman lacketh understanding: he that doeth it destroyeth his own soul.

33 A wound and dishonour shall he get; and his reproach shall not be wiped away.

34 For jealousy is the rage of a man: therefore he will not spare in the day of vengeance.

35 He will not regard any ransom; neither will he rest content, though thou givest many gifts.