Selbst den Toten geht es besser!

Dann wieder sah ich, wie viele Menschen auf dieser Welt ausgebeutet werden. Die Unterdrückten vergießen bittere Tränen, doch niemand tröstet sie. Keiner hilft ihnen, weil ihre Unterdrücker so mächtig sind. Wie glücklich sind doch die Toten, sie haben es viel besser als die Lebenden! Noch besser aber geht es denen, die gar nicht erst geboren wurden! Sie haben das schreiende Unrecht auf dieser Welt nie mit ansehen müssen.

Weniger ist mehr

Nun weiß ich, warum die Menschen so hart arbeiten und so viel Erfolg haben: Sie tun es nur, um die anderen in den Schatten zu stellen! Auch das ist vergebliche Mühe – so als wollten sie den Wind einfangen. Zwar sagt man: »Der dumme Faulpelz legt die Hände in den Schoß und verhungert«, ich aber meine: Besser nur eine Handvoll besitzen und Ruhe genießen als viel Besitz haben und alle Hände voll zu tun. Denn im Grunde lohnt sich das ja nicht.

Zwei haben es besser als einer allein

Noch etwas habe ich auf dieser Welt beobachtet, das mir sinnlos erscheint:

Manch einer lebt völlig allein und hat weder Kinder noch Geschwister. Trotzdem arbeitet er ohne Ende und ist nie zufrieden mit seinem Besitz. Aber für wen mühe ich mich dann ab und gönne mir nichts Gutes mehr? Das ist doch unsinnig, so vergeudet man nur seine Zeit!

Zwei haben es besser als einer allein, denn zusammen können sie mehr erreichen. 10 Stürzt einer von ihnen, dann hilft der andere ihm wieder auf die Beine. Doch wie schlecht steht es um den, der alleine ist, wenn er hinfällt! Niemand ist da, der ihm wieder aufhilft! 11 Wenn zwei in der Kälte zusammenliegen, wärmt einer den anderen, doch wie soll einer allein warm werden? 12 Einer kann leicht überwältigt werden, doch zwei sind dem Angriff gewachsen. Man sagt ja auch: »Ein Seil aus drei Schnüren reißt nicht so schnell!«

Die Gunst des Volkes ist trügerisch!

13 Besser ein junger Mann, der arm, aber weise ist, als ein alter und törichter König, der keine Ratschläge annimmt!

14 Es ist schon vorgekommen, dass man einen jungen Mann aus dem Gefängnis geholt und ihn zum König gemacht hat, obwohl er noch zu Zeiten des alten Königs in Armut geboren wurde. 15 Doch ich habe auch beobachtet, dass die Menschen sich schnell wieder auf die Seite eines anderen stellten, der stattdessen die Herrschaft übernehmen sollte. 16 Für eine Weile lief die begeisterte Volksmenge dem neuen Machthaber nach, aber bald darauf waren sie auch mit ihm nicht mehr zufrieden, und sein Ruhm erlosch schnell. So war alles umsonst, als hätte er versucht, den Wind einzufangen!

Begegne Gott mit Ehrfurcht!

17 Besinne dich, bevor du zum Tempel Gottes gehst! Wenn du bereit bist, wirklich auf Gott zu hören, ist das viel wertvoller als die Opfer der Unverständigen. Denn sie wissen nicht, worauf es ankommt; sie merken nicht einmal, dass sie Böses tun.

Oppression, Toil, Friendlessness

Again I looked and saw all the oppression(A) that was taking place under the sun:

I saw the tears of the oppressed—
    and they have no comforter;
power was on the side of their oppressors—
    and they have no comforter.(B)
And I declared that the dead,(C)
    who had already died,
are happier than the living,
    who are still alive.(D)
But better than both
    is the one who has never been born,(E)
who has not seen the evil
    that is done under the sun.(F)

And I saw that all toil and all achievement spring from one person’s envy of another. This too is meaningless, a chasing after the wind.(G)

Fools fold their hands(H)
    and ruin themselves.
Better one handful with tranquillity
    than two handfuls with toil(I)
    and chasing after the wind.

Again I saw something meaningless under the sun:

There was a man all alone;
    he had neither son nor brother.
There was no end to his toil,
    yet his eyes were not content(J) with his wealth.
“For whom am I toiling,” he asked,
    “and why am I depriving myself of enjoyment?”
This too is meaningless—
    a miserable business!

Two are better than one,
    because they have a good return for their labor:
10 If either of them falls down,
    one can help the other up.
But pity anyone who falls
    and has no one to help them up.
11 Also, if two lie down together, they will keep warm.
    But how can one keep warm alone?
12 Though one may be overpowered,
    two can defend themselves.
A cord of three strands is not quickly broken.

Advancement Is Meaningless

13 Better a poor but wise youth than an old but foolish king who no longer knows how to heed a warning. 14 The youth may have come from prison to the kingship, or he may have been born in poverty within his kingdom. 15 I saw that all who lived and walked under the sun followed the youth, the king’s successor. 16 There was no end to all the people who were before them. But those who came later were not pleased with the successor. This too is meaningless, a chasing after the wind.

Then I looked again at all the injustice that goes on in this world. The oppressed were crying, and no one would help them. No one would help them, because their oppressors had power on their side. I envy those who are dead and gone; they are better off than those who are still alive. But better off than either are those who have never been born, who have never seen the injustice that goes on in this world.

I have also learned why people work so hard to succeed: it is because they envy the things their neighbors have. But it is useless. It is like chasing the wind. They say that we would be fools to fold our hands and let ourselves starve to death. Maybe so, but it is better to have only a little, with peace of mind, than be busy all the time with both hands, trying to catch the wind.

I have noticed something else in life that is useless. Here is someone who lives alone. He has no son, no brother, yet he is always working, never satisfied with the wealth he has. For whom is he working so hard and denying himself any pleasure? This is useless, too—and a miserable way to live.

Two are better off than one, because together they can work more effectively. 10 If one of them falls down, the other can help him up. But if someone is alone and falls, it's just too bad, because there is no one to help him. 11 If it is cold, two can sleep together and stay warm, but how can you keep warm by yourself 12 Two people can resist an attack that would defeat one person alone. A rope made of three cords is hard to break.

13-14 Someone may rise from poverty to become king of his country, or go from prison to the throne, but if in his old age he is too foolish to take advice, he is not as well off as a young man who is poor but intelligent. 15 I thought about all the people who live in this world, and I realized that somewhere among them there is a young man who will take the king's place. 16 There may be no limit to the number of people a king rules; when he is gone, no one will be grateful for what he has done. It is useless. It is like chasing the wind.

The Uselessness of Selfish Toil

Then I returned and considered all the (A)oppression that is done under the sun:

And look! The tears of the oppressed,
But they have no comforter—
[a]On the side of their oppressors there is power,
But they have no comforter.
(B)Therefore I praised the dead who were already dead,
More than the living who are still alive.
(C)Yet, better than both is he who has never existed,
Who has not seen the evil work that is done under the sun.

The Vanity of Selfish Toil

Again, I saw that for all toil and every skillful work a man is envied by his neighbor. This also is vanity and grasping for the wind.

(D)The fool folds his hands
And consumes his own flesh.
(E)Better a handful with quietness
Than both hands full, together with toil and grasping for the wind.

Then I returned, and I saw vanity under the sun:

There is one alone, without [b]companion:
He has neither son nor brother.
Yet there is no end to all his labors,
Nor is his (F)eye satisfied with riches.
But (G)he never asks,
“For whom do I toil and deprive myself of (H)good?”
This also is vanity and a [c]grave misfortune.

The Value of a Friend

Two are better than one,
Because they have a good reward for their labor.
10 For if they fall, one will lift up his companion.
But woe to him who is alone when he falls,
For he has no one to help him up.
11 Again, if two lie down together, they will keep warm;
But how can one be warm alone?
12 Though one may be overpowered by another, two can withstand him.
And a threefold cord is not quickly broken.

Popularity Passes Away

13 Better a poor and wise youth
Than an old and foolish king who will be admonished no more.
14 For he comes out of prison to be king,
Although [d]he was born poor in his kingdom.
15 I saw all the living who walk under the sun;
They were with the second youth who stands in his place.
16 There was no end of all the people [e]over whom he was made king;
Yet those who come afterward will not rejoice in him.
Surely this also is vanity and grasping for the wind.

Footnotes

  1. Ecclesiastes 4:1 Lit. At the hand
  2. Ecclesiastes 4:8 Lit. a second
  3. Ecclesiastes 4:8 Lit. evil task
  4. Ecclesiastes 4:14 The youth
  5. Ecclesiastes 4:16 Lit. to all before whom he was to be