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20 To our God and Father, glory forever and ever. Amen.(A)

VIII. Farewell[a]

21 Give my greetings to every holy one in Christ Jesus. The brothers who are with me send you their greetings; 22 (B)all the holy ones send you their greetings, especially those of Caesar’s household.[b]

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Footnotes

  1. 4:21–23 On the usual greetings at the conclusion of a letter, see note on 1 Cor 16:19–24. Inclusion of greetings from all the holy ones in the place from which Paul writes would involve even the Christians of Phil 1:14–18 who had their differences with Paul.
  2. 4:22 Those of Caesar’s household: minor officials or even slaves and freedmen, found in Ephesus or Rome, among other places.

20 To our God and Father(A) be glory for ever and ever. Amen.(B)

Final Greetings

21 Greet all God’s people in Christ Jesus. The brothers and sisters who are with me(C) send greetings. 22 All God’s people(D) here send you greetings, especially those who belong to Caesar’s household.

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