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Værdien af ordsprog

Det følgende er ordsprog af Davids søn og Israels konge, Salomon. Formålet med ordsprogene er at vejlede folk og give dem visdom, at hjælpe dem til at skelne mellem rigtigt og forkert. De skal hjælpe folk til at handle klogt, ærligt og ret. De skal give de uerfarne kundskab og de unge indsigt og dømmekraft. Selv de erfarne kan lære noget, og de fornuftige kan blive vejledt. De kan lære at meditere over betydningen af ordsprog og billedtale samt de vises ordspil og gåder. Gudsfrygt fører til visdom. Kun en tåbe foragter visdom og vejledning.

En fars formaninger

Hør efter din fars formaning, min søn,
    og husk på din mors belæring.
Værdsæt deres velmente vejledning
    som et fornemt trofæ, et dyrebart smykke.

10 Giv ikke efter, min søn, men sig nej,
    når dårlige venner vil lokke dig på afveje.
11 Måske siger de: „Kom, lad os finde et offer,
    lægge os på lur og dræbe de uskyldige.
12 Før de aner uråd, er de allerede døde,
    selv de stærke klarer sig ikke imod os.
13 Derefter plyndrer vi dem og bliver rige,
    tænk på alle de ting, vi kan købe!
14 Kom nu! Du skal nok få din andel.
    Vi deler naturligvis byttet imellem os!”

15 Gå ikke med dem, min søn!
    Hold dig langt væk fra den slags venner.
16 De er kun ude på at røve og plyndre
    og viger ikke tilbage for mord.
17 Hvis en fugl ser en fælde blive sat op,
    holder den sig væk og går ikke i den.
18 Men sådanne venner er ikke så kloge.
    De sætter en fælde, men falder selv i den.
19 De, der røver fra andre,
    berøver sig selv et godt liv.

Visdommen kalder

20 Visdommen råber til folk på gaden,
    står på torvet og taler til dem,
21 kalder på skaren, som haster forbi,
    opsøger byens øverste ledere.
22 „I mennesker uden forstand!” råber den,
    „Hvor længe vil I forblive i uvidenhed?
Hvor længe vil spotterne blive ved med at spotte?
    Hvor længe vil tåberne nægte at blive vejledt?
23 Gid I ville lytte til min vejledning.
    Så ville jeg dele mine tanker med jer
    og øse ud af min visdom til jer.
24 Men I ville ikke høre, når jeg kaldte på jer,
    I afviste min udrakte, hjælpende hånd.
25 I forkastede alle mine gode råd,
    lyttede ikke til mine formaninger.
26 Derfor vil jeg le, når ulykken rammer jer,
    håne jer, når I gribes af rædsel,
27 når I rammes som af et lyn fra en klar himmel,
    når jeres mareridt bliver til virkelighed,
    når angst og nød truer med at knuse jer.
28 Da vil I råbe om hjælp, men ikke få svar.
    I vil søge efter mig, men ikke finde mig.
29 I forkastede jo kundskaben
    og nægtede at vise Herren respekt.
30 I var ligeglade med de råd, jeg gav jer,
    I valgte at ignorere min vejledning.
31 Derfor må I nu bide i det sure æble,
    til I får kvalme af jeres egen dumhed.
32 Stædig egenrådighed bliver jeres død,
    naiv sorgløshed fører jer i ulykke.
33 Men de, der lytter til mig, skal leve i tryghed,
    de skal bo i fred og uden frygt.”

The proverbs of Solomon the son of David, king of Israel;

To know wisdom and instruction; to perceive the words of understanding;

To receive the instruction of wisdom, justice, and judgment, and equity;

To give subtilty to the simple, to the young man knowledge and discretion.

A wise man will hear, and will increase learning; and a man of understanding shall attain unto wise counsels:

To understand a proverb, and the interpretation; the words of the wise, and their dark sayings.

The fear of the Lord is the beginning of knowledge: but fools despise wisdom and instruction.

My son, hear the instruction of thy father, and forsake not the law of thy mother:

For they shall be an ornament of grace unto thy head, and chains about thy neck.

10 My son, if sinners entice thee, consent thou not.

11 If they say, Come with us, let us lay wait for blood, let us lurk privily for the innocent without cause:

12 Let us swallow them up alive as the grave; and whole, as those that go down into the pit:

13 We shall find all precious substance, we shall fill our houses with spoil:

14 Cast in thy lot among us; let us all have one purse:

15 My son, walk not thou in the way with them; refrain thy foot from their path:

16 For their feet run to evil, and make haste to shed blood.

17 Surely in vain the net is spread in the sight of any bird.

18 And they lay wait for their own blood; they lurk privily for their own lives.

19 So are the ways of every one that is greedy of gain; which taketh away the life of the owners thereof.

20 Wisdom crieth without; she uttereth her voice in the streets:

21 She crieth in the chief place of concourse, in the openings of the gates: in the city she uttereth her words, saying,

22 How long, ye simple ones, will ye love simplicity? and the scorners delight in their scorning, and fools hate knowledge?

23 Turn you at my reproof: behold, I will pour out my spirit unto you, I will make known my words unto you.

24 Because I have called, and ye refused; I have stretched out my hand, and no man regarded;

25 But ye have set at nought all my counsel, and would none of my reproof:

26 I also will laugh at your calamity; I will mock when your fear cometh;

27 When your fear cometh as desolation, and your destruction cometh as a whirlwind; when distress and anguish cometh upon you.

28 Then shall they call upon me, but I will not answer; they shall seek me early, but they shall not find me:

29 For that they hated knowledge, and did not choose the fear of the Lord:

30 They would none of my counsel: they despised all my reproof.

31 Therefore shall they eat of the fruit of their own way, and be filled with their own devices.

32 For the turning away of the simple shall slay them, and the prosperity of fools shall destroy them.

33 But whoso hearkeneth unto me shall dwell safely, and shall be quiet from fear of evil.

The Beginning of Knowledge

(A)The proverbs of Solomon, son of David, king of Israel:

To know wisdom and instruction,
    to understand words of insight,
to receive instruction in wise dealing,
    in (B)righteousness, justice, and equity;
to give prudence to (C)the simple,
    knowledge and (D)discretion to the youth—
Let the wise hear and (E)increase in learning,
    and the one who understands obtain guidance,
to understand a proverb and a saying,
    (F)the words of the wise and their (G)riddles.

(H)The fear of the Lord is the beginning of knowledge;
    fools despise wisdom and instruction.

The Enticement of Sinners

(I)Hear, my son, your father's instruction,
    and forsake not your mother's teaching,
for they are (J)a graceful garland for your head
    and (K)pendants for your neck.
10 My son, if sinners (L)entice you,
    do not consent.
11 If they say, “Come with us, (M)let us lie in wait for blood;
    (N)let us ambush the innocent without reason;
12 like Sheol let us (O)swallow them alive,
    and whole, like (P)those who go down to the pit;
13 we shall find all precious goods,
    we shall fill our houses with plunder;
14 throw in your lot among us;
    we will all have one purse”—
15 my son, (Q)do not walk in the way with them;
    (R)hold back your foot from their paths,
16 for (S)their feet run to evil,
    and they make haste to shed blood.
17 (T)For in vain is a net spread
    in the sight of any bird,
18 but these men (U)lie in wait for their own blood;
    they (V)set an ambush for their own lives.
19 (W)Such are the ways of everyone who is (X)greedy for unjust gain;
    (Y)it takes away the life of its possessors.

The Call of Wisdom

20 (Z)Wisdom cries aloud in the street,
    in the markets she raises her voice;
21 at the head of the noisy streets she cries out;
    at (AA)the entrance of the city gates she speaks:
22 “How long, O (AB)simple ones, will you love being simple?
How long will (AC)scoffers delight in their scoffing
    and fools (AD)hate knowledge?
23 If you turn at my reproof,[a]
behold, I will (AE)pour out my spirit to you;
    I will make my words known to you.
24 (AF)Because I have called and (AG)you refused to listen,
    have (AH)stretched out my hand and no one has heeded,
25 because you have (AI)ignored all my counsel
    and (AJ)would have none of my reproof,
26 I also (AK)will laugh at your calamity;
    I will mock when (AL)terror strikes you,
27 when terror strikes you like (AM)a storm
    and your calamity comes like a whirlwind,
    when distress and anguish come upon you.
28 (AN)Then they will call upon me, but I will not answer;
    they will seek me diligently but will not find me.
29 Because they (AO)hated knowledge
    and (AP)did not choose the fear of the Lord,
30 (AQ)would have none of my counsel
    and (AR)despised all my reproof,
31 therefore they shall eat (AS)the fruit of their way,
    and have (AT)their fill of their own devices.
32 For the simple are killed by (AU)their turning away,
    and (AV)the complacency of fools destroys them;
33 but (AW)whoever listens to me will dwell secure
    and will be (AX)at ease, without dread of disaster.”

Footnotes

  1. Proverbs 1:23 Or Will you turn away at my reproof?