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Norme relative ai sacrifici

15 (A)Poi il Signore disse a Mosè: «Parla ai figli d’Israele e di’ loro: “Quando sarete entrati nel paese che dovrete abitare e che io vi do, e offrirete al Signore un sacrificio consumato dal fuoco, olocausto o sacrificio, per adempimento d’un voto o come offerta volontaria o nelle vostre feste solenni, per fare un profumo soave al Signore con il vostro bestiame grosso o minuto, colui che presenterà la sua offerta al Signore offrirà come oblazione un decimo d’efa[a] di fior di farina intrisa con un quarto di hin d’olio[b]. Farai una libazione di un quarto di hin di vino con l’olocausto o il sacrificio, per ogni agnello. Se è per un montone, offrirai come oblazione due decimi di efa[c] di fior di farina intrisa con un terzo di hin[d] d’olio, e farai una libazione di un terzo di hin di vino come offerta di profumo soave al Signore. Se offri un toro come olocausto o come sacrificio, per adempimento di un voto o come sacrificio di riconoscenza al Signore, si offriranno con il toro, come oblazione, tre decimi di efa[e] di fior di farina intrisa con mezzo hin d’olio, 10 e farai una libazione di mezzo hin[f] di vino: è un sacrificio consumato dal fuoco, di profumo soave per il Signore. 11 Così si farà per ogni bue, per ogni montone, per ogni agnello o capretto. 12 Qualunque sia il numero degli animali che sacrificherete, farete così per ciascuna vittima. 13 Tutti quelli che sono nativi del paese faranno le cose così, quando offriranno un sacrificio consumato dal fuoco, di profumo soave per il Signore. 14 E se uno straniero che soggiorna da voi, o chiunque abiti in mezzo a voi nel futuro, offre un sacrificio consumato dal fuoco, di profumo soave per il Signore, farà come fate voi. 15 Vi sarà una sola legge per tutta la comunità, per voi e per lo straniero che soggiorna in mezzo a voi; sarà una legge perenne, di generazione in generazione; come siete voi, così sarà lo straniero davanti al Signore. 16 Ci sarà una stessa legge e uno stesso diritto per voi e per lo straniero che soggiorna da voi”».

17 (B)Il Signore disse ancora a Mosè: 18 «Parla ai figli d’Israele e di’ loro: “Quando sarete arrivati nel paese dove io vi conduco 19 e mangerete del pane di quel paese, ne preleverete un’offerta da presentare al Signore. 20 Delle primizie della vostra pasta metterete da parte una focaccia come offerta; la metterete da parte, come si mette da parte l’offerta dell’aia. 21 Delle primizie della vostra pasta darete al Signore una parte come offerta. Lo farete di generazione in generazione.

22 (C)«“Quando avrete peccato per errore e non avrete osservato tutti questi comandamenti che il Signore ha dati a Mosè – 23 tutto quello che il Signore vi ha comandato per mezzo di Mosè, dal giorno che il Signore vi ha dato dei comandamenti e in seguito, nelle vostre successive generazioni –, 24 se il peccato è stato commesso per errore, senza che la comunità se ne accorgesse, tutta la comunità offrirà un toro come olocausto di profumo soave per il Signore, con la sua oblazione e la sua libazione secondo le norme stabilite, e un capro come sacrificio per il peccato. 25 Il sacerdote farà l’espiazione per tutta la comunità dei figli d’Israele, e sarà loro perdonato, perché è stato un peccato commesso per errore, ed essi hanno portato la loro offerta, un sacrificio consumato dal fuoco per il Signore, e il loro sacrificio per il peccato davanti al Signore, a causa del loro errore. 26 Sarà perdonato a tutta la comunità dei figli d’Israele e allo straniero che soggiorna in mezzo a loro, perché tutto il popolo ha peccato per errore.

27 Se è una persona sola che pecca per errore, offra una capra di un anno come sacrificio per il peccato. 28 Il sacerdote farà l’espiazione davanti al Signore per la persona che avrà mancato commettendo un peccato per errore; quando avrà fatto l’espiazione per essa, le sarà perdonato. 29 Avrete un’unica legge per colui che pecca per errore, sia che si tratti di un nativo del paese tra i figli d’Israele o di uno straniero che soggiorna in mezzo a voi. 30 Ma la persona che agisce con proposito deliberato[g], sia nativo del paese o straniero, oltraggia il Signore; quella persona sarà eliminata dal mezzo del suo popolo. 31 Siccome ha disprezzato la parola del Signore e ha violato il suo comandamento, quella persona dovrà essere eliminata; porterà il peso della sua iniquità”».

Il violatore del sabato punito di morte

32 (D)Mentre i figli d’Israele erano nel deserto, trovarono un uomo che raccoglieva legna in giorno di sabato. 33 Quelli che lo avevano trovato a raccoglier legna lo portarono da Mosè, da Aaronne e davanti a tutta la comunità. 34 Lo misero in prigione, perché non era ancora stato stabilito che cosa gli si dovesse fare. 35 Il Signore disse a Mosè: «Quell’uomo deve essere messo a morte; tutta la comunità lo lapiderà fuori del campo». 36 Tutta la comunità lo condusse fuori dal campo e lo lapidò; e quello morì, secondo l’ordine che il Signore aveva dato a Mosè.

Legge relativa alle nappe

37 (E)Il Signore disse ancora a Mosè: 38 «Parla ai figli d’Israele e di’ loro che si facciano, di generazione in generazione, delle nappe agli angoli delle loro vesti, e che mettano alla nappa di ogni angolo un cordone violetto. 39 Questa nappa vi ornerà la veste, e quando la guarderete, vi ricorderete di tutti i comandamenti del Signore per metterli in pratica; non andrete vagando dietro ai desideri del vostro cuore e dei vostri occhi che vi trascinano all’infedeltà. 40 Così vi ricorderete di tutti i miei comandamenti, li metterete in pratica e sarete santi per il vostro Dio. 41 Io sono il Signore, il vostro Dio; vi ho fatti uscire dal paese d’Egitto per essere vostro Dio. Io sono il Signore, il vostro Dio».

Footnotes

  1. Numeri 15:4 Un decimo d’efa, circa due chili.
  2. Numeri 15:4 Un quarto di hin, circa un litro e mezzo.
  3. Numeri 15:6 Due decimi di efa, circa quattro chili.
  4. Numeri 15:6 Un terzo di hin, circa due litri.
  5. Numeri 15:9 Tre decimi di efa, circa sei chili.
  6. Numeri 15:10 Mezzo hin, circa tre litri.
  7. Numeri 15:30 Proposito deliberato, lett. a mano alzata.

Supplementary Offerings

15 The Lord said to Moses, “Speak to the Israelites and say to them: ‘After you enter the land I am giving you(A) as a home and you present to the Lord food offerings from the herd or the flock,(B) as an aroma pleasing to the Lord(C)—whether burnt offerings(D) or sacrifices, for special vows or freewill offerings(E) or festival offerings(F) then the person who brings an offering shall present to the Lord a grain offering(G) of a tenth of an ephah[a] of the finest flour(H) mixed with a quarter of a hin[b] of olive oil. With each lamb(I) for the burnt offering or the sacrifice, prepare a quarter of a hin of wine(J) as a drink offering.(K)

“‘With a ram(L) prepare a grain offering(M) of two-tenths of an ephah[c](N) of the finest flour mixed with a third of a hin[d] of olive oil,(O) and a third of a hin of wine(P) as a drink offering.(Q) Offer it as an aroma pleasing to the Lord.(R)

“‘When you prepare a young bull(S) as a burnt offering or sacrifice, for a special vow(T) or a fellowship offering(U) to the Lord, bring with the bull a grain offering(V) of three-tenths of an ephah[e](W) of the finest flour mixed with half a hin[f] of olive oil, 10 and also bring half a hin of wine(X) as a drink offering.(Y) This will be a food offering, an aroma pleasing to the Lord.(Z) 11 Each bull or ram, each lamb or young goat, is to be prepared in this manner. 12 Do this for each one, for as many as you prepare.(AA)

13 “‘Everyone who is native-born(AB) must do these things in this way when they present a food offering as an aroma pleasing to the Lord.(AC) 14 For the generations to come,(AD) whenever a foreigner(AE) or anyone else living among you presents a food(AF) offering(AG) as an aroma pleasing to the Lord, they must do exactly as you do. 15 The community is to have the same rules for you and for the foreigner residing among you; this is a lasting ordinance for the generations to come.(AH) You and the foreigner shall be the same before the Lord: 16 The same laws and regulations will apply both to you and to the foreigner residing among you.(AI)’”

17 The Lord said to Moses, 18 “Speak to the Israelites and say to them: ‘When you enter the land to which I am taking you(AJ) 19 and you eat the food of the land,(AK) present a portion as an offering to the Lord.(AL) 20 Present a loaf from the first of your ground meal(AM) and present it as an offering from the threshing floor.(AN) 21 Throughout the generations to come(AO) you are to give this offering to the Lord from the first of your ground meal.(AP)

Offerings for Unintentional Sins

22 “‘Now if you as a community unintentionally fail to keep any of these commands the Lord gave Moses(AQ) 23 any of the Lord’s commands to you through him, from the day the Lord gave them and continuing through the generations to come(AR) 24 and if this is done unintentionally(AS) without the community being aware of it,(AT) then the whole community is to offer a young bull for a burnt offering(AU) as an aroma pleasing to the Lord,(AV) along with its prescribed grain offering(AW) and drink offering,(AX) and a male goat for a sin offering.[g](AY) 25 The priest is to make atonement for the whole Israelite community, and they will be forgiven,(AZ) for it was not intentional(BA) and they have presented to the Lord for their wrong a food offering(BB) and a sin offering.(BC) 26 The whole Israelite community and the foreigners residing among them will be forgiven, because all the people were involved in the unintentional wrong.(BD)

27 “‘But if just one person sins unintentionally,(BE) that person must bring a year-old female goat for a sin offering.(BF) 28 The priest is to make atonement(BG) before the Lord for the one who erred by sinning unintentionally, and when atonement has been made, that person will be forgiven.(BH) 29 One and the same law applies to everyone who sins unintentionally, whether a native-born Israelite or a foreigner residing among you.(BI)

30 “‘But anyone who sins defiantly,(BJ) whether native-born or foreigner,(BK) blasphemes the Lord(BL) and must be cut off from the people of Israel.(BM) 31 Because they have despised(BN) the Lord’s word and broken his commands,(BO) they must surely be cut off; their guilt remains on them.(BP)’”

The Sabbath-Breaker Put to Death

32 While the Israelites were in the wilderness,(BQ) a man was found gathering wood on the Sabbath day.(BR) 33 Those who found him gathering wood brought him to Moses and Aaron and the whole assembly, 34 and they kept him in custody, because it was not clear what should be done to him.(BS) 35 Then the Lord said to Moses, “The man must die.(BT) The whole assembly must stone him outside the camp.(BU) 36 So the assembly took him outside the camp and stoned him(BV) to death,(BW) as the Lord commanded Moses.(BX)

Tassels on Garments

37 The Lord said to Moses, 38 “Speak to the Israelites and say to them: ‘Throughout the generations to come(BY) you are to make tassels on the corners of your garments,(BZ) with a blue cord on each tassel. 39 You will have these tassels to look at and so you will remember(CA) all the commands of the Lord, that you may obey them and not prostitute yourselves(CB) by chasing after the lusts of your own hearts(CC) and eyes. 40 Then you will remember to obey all my commands(CD) and will be consecrated to your God.(CE) 41 I am the Lord your God, who brought you out of Egypt to be your God.(CF) I am the Lord your God.(CG)’”

Footnotes

  1. Numbers 15:4 That is, probably about 3 1/2 pounds or about 1.6 kilograms
  2. Numbers 15:4 That is, about 1 quart or about 1 liter; also in verse 5
  3. Numbers 15:6 That is, probably about 7 pounds or about 3.2 kilograms
  4. Numbers 15:6 That is, about 1 1/3 quarts or about 1.3 liters; also in verse 7
  5. Numbers 15:9 That is, probably about 11 pounds or about 5 kilograms
  6. Numbers 15:9 That is, about 2 quarts or about 1.9 liters; also in verse 10
  7. Numbers 15:24 Or purification offering; also in verses 25 and 27

Laws About Sacrifices

15 The Lord spoke to Moses, saying, “Speak to the people of Israel and say to them, (A)When you come into the land you are to inhabit, which I am giving you, and (B)you offer to the Lord from the herd or from the flock a food offering[a] or a burnt offering or a sacrifice, (C)to fulfill a vow or as a freewill offering or (D)at your appointed feasts, to make a (E)pleasing aroma to the Lord, then (F)he who brings his offering shall offer to the Lord (G)a grain offering of a tenth of an ephah[b] of fine flour, (H)mixed with a quarter of a hin[c] of oil; and you shall offer with the burnt offering, or for the sacrifice, a quarter of a hin of (I)wine for the drink offering for each lamb. (J)Or for a ram, you shall offer for a grain offering two tenths of an ephah of fine flour mixed with a third of a hin of oil. And for the drink offering you shall offer a third of a hin of wine, a (K)pleasing aroma to the Lord. And when you offer a bull as a burnt offering or sacrifice, to (L)fulfill a vow or for (M)peace offerings to the Lord, then one shall offer (N)with the bull a grain offering of three tenths of an ephah of fine flour, mixed with half a hin of oil. 10 And you shall offer for the drink offering half a hin of wine, as a food offering, a pleasing aroma to the Lord.

11 (O)“Thus it shall be done for each bull or ram, or for each lamb or young goat. 12 As many as you offer, so shall you do with each one, as many as there are. 13 Every native Israelite shall do these things in this way, in offering a food offering, with a pleasing aroma to the Lord. 14 And if a stranger is sojourning with you, or anyone is living permanently among you, and he wishes to offer a food offering, with a pleasing aroma to the Lord, he shall do as you do. 15 For the assembly, (P)there shall be one statute for you and for the stranger who sojourns with you, a statute forever throughout your generations. You and the sojourner shall be alike before the Lord. 16 One law and one rule shall be for you and for the stranger who sojourns with you.”

17 The Lord spoke to Moses, saying, 18 (Q)“Speak to the people of Israel and say to them, When you come into the land to which I bring you 19 and when you eat of (R)the bread of the land, you shall present a contribution to the Lord. 20 (S)Of the first of your dough you shall present a loaf as a contribution; like a (T)contribution from the threshing floor, so shall you present it. 21 (U)Some of the first of your dough you shall give to the Lord as a contribution throughout your generations.

Laws About Unintentional Sins

22 (V)“But if you sin unintentionally,[d] and do not observe all these commandments that the Lord has spoken to Moses, 23 all that the Lord has commanded you by Moses, from the day that the Lord gave commandment, and onward throughout your generations, 24 then if it was done unintentionally (W)without the knowledge of the congregation, all the congregation shall offer one bull from the herd for a burnt offering, a pleasing aroma to the Lord, (X)with its grain offering and its drink offering, according to the rule, and (Y)one male goat for a sin offering. 25 (Z)And the priest shall make atonement for all the congregation of the people of Israel, and they shall be forgiven, because it was a mistake, and they have brought their offering, a food offering to the Lord, and their sin offering before the Lord for their mistake. 26 And all the congregation of the people of Israel shall be forgiven, and the stranger who sojourns among them, because the whole population was involved in the mistake.

27 (AA)“If one person sins unintentionally, he shall offer a female goat a year old for a sin offering. 28 (AB)And the priest shall make atonement before the Lord for the person who makes a mistake, when he sins unintentionally, to make atonement for him, and he shall be forgiven. 29 (AC)You shall have one law for him who does anything unintentionally, for him who is native among the people of Israel and for the stranger who sojourns among them. 30 (AD)But the person who does anything with a high hand, whether he is native or a sojourner, reviles the Lord, and that person shall be cut off from among his people. 31 Because he has (AE)despised the word of the Lord and has broken his commandment, that person shall be utterly cut off; his iniquity shall be on him.”

A Sabbathbreaker Executed

32 While the people of Israel were in the wilderness, they found a man (AF)gathering sticks on the Sabbath day. 33 And those who found him gathering sticks brought him to Moses and Aaron and to all the congregation. 34 (AG)They put him in custody, because it had not been made clear what should be done to him. 35 And the Lord said to Moses, (AH)“The man shall be put to death; all the congregation shall (AI)stone him with stones outside the camp.” 36 And all the congregation brought him outside the camp and stoned him to death with stones, as the Lord commanded Moses.

Tassels on Garments

37 The Lord said to Moses, 38 “Speak to the people of Israel, and tell them to (AJ)make tassels on the corners of their garments throughout their generations, and to put a cord of blue on the tassel of each corner. 39 And it shall be a tassel for you to look at and remember all the commandments of the Lord, to do them, (AK)not to follow[e] after your own heart and your own eyes, which you are inclined (AL)to whore after. 40 So you shall remember and do all my commandments, and be (AM)holy to your God. 41 (AN)I am the Lord your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt to be your God: I am the Lord your God.”

Footnotes

  1. Numbers 15:3 Or an offering by fire; so throughout Numbers
  2. Numbers 15:4 An ephah was about 3/5 bushel or 22 liters
  3. Numbers 15:4 A hin was about 4 quarts or 3.5 liters
  4. Numbers 15:22 Or by mistake; also verses 24, 27, 28, 29
  5. Numbers 15:39 Hebrew to spy out