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VI. ORDINAMENTI SUI SACRIFICI POTERI DEI SACERDOTI E DEI LEVITI

L'oblazione unita ai sacrifici

15 Il Signore disse a Mosè: «Parla agli Israeliti e riferisci loro: Quando sarete entrati nel paese che dovrete abitare e che io vi dò e offrirete al Signore un sacrificio consumato dal fuoco, olocausto o sacrificio per soddisfare un voto, o per un'offerta volontaria, o nelle vostre solennità, per fare un profumo soave per il Signore con il vostro bestiame grosso o minuto, colui che presenterà l'offerta al Signore, offrirà in oblazione un decimo di efa di fior di farina intrisa in un quarto di hin di olio. Farai una libazione di un quarto di hin di vino oltre l'olocausto o sacrificio per ogni agnello. Se è per un ariete, offrirai in oblazione due decimi di efa di fior di farina con un terzo di hin di olio e farai una libazione di un terzo di hin di vino come offerta di odore soave in onore del Signore. Se offri un giovenco in olocausto o in sacrificio per soddisfare un voto o in sacrificio di comunione al Signore, oltre il giovenco si offrirà, in oblazione, tre decimi di efa di fior di farina intrisa in mezzo hin di olio 10 e farai una libazione di un mezzo hin di vino; è un sacrificio consumato dal fuoco, soave profumo per il Signore. 11 Così si farà per ogni bue, per ogni ariete, per ogni agnello o capretto. 12 Qualunque sia il numero degli animali che immolerete, farete così per ciascuna vittima. 13 Quanti sono nativi del paese faranno così, quando offriranno un sacrificio consumato dal fuoco, soave profumo per il Signore. 14 Se uno straniero che soggiorna da voi o chiunque dimorerà in mezzo a voi in futuro, offrirà un sacrificio con il fuoco, soave profumo per il Signore, farà come fate voi. 15 Vi sarà una sola legge per tutta la comunità, per voi e per lo straniero che soggiorna in mezzo a voi; sarà una legge perenne, di generazione in generazione; come siete voi, così sarà lo straniero davanti al Signore. 16 Ci sarà una stessa legge e uno stesso rito per voi e per lo straniero che soggiorna presso di voi».

Le primizie del pane

17 Il Signore disse ancora a Mosè: 18 «Parla agli Israeliti e riferisci loro. Quando sarete arrivati nel paese dove io vi conduco 19 e mangerete il pane di quel paese, ne preleverete un'offerta da presentare al Signore. 20 Delle primizie della vostra madia, metterete da parte una focaccia come offerta da elevare secondo il rito, la preleverete come si preleva dall'aia l'offerta che si fa con il rito di elevazione. 21 Delle primizie della vostra madia darete al Signore una parte come offerta che si fa elevandola, di generazione in generazione.

Espiazione delle colpe per inavvertenza

22 Se avrete mancato per inavvertenza e non avrete osservato tutti questi comandi che il Signore ha dati a Mosè, 23 quanto il Signore vi ha comandato per mezzo di Mosè, dal giorno in cui il Signore vi ha dato comandi e in seguito, nelle vostre successive generazioni, 24 se il peccato è stato commesso per inavvertenza da parte della comunità, senza che la comunità se ne sia accorta, tutta la comunità offrirà un giovenco come olocausto di soave profumo per il Signore, con la sua oblazione e la sua libazione secondo il rito, e un capro come sacrificio espiatorio. 25 Il sacerdote farà il rito espiatorio per tutta la comunità degli Israeliti e sarà loro perdonato; infatti si tratta di un peccato commesso per inavvertenza ed essi hanno portato l'offerta, il sacrificio fatto in onore del Signore mediante il fuoco e il loro sacrificio espiatorio davanti al Signore, a causa della loro inavvertenza. 26 Sarà perdonato a tutta la comunità degli Israeliti e allo straniero che soggiorna in mezzo a loro, perché tutto il popolo ha peccato per inavvertenza. 27 Se è una persona sola che ha peccato per inavvertenza, offra una capra di un anno come sacrificio espiatorio. 28 Il sacerdote farà il rito espiatorio davanti al Signore per la persona che avrà mancato commettendo un peccato per inavvertenza; quando avrà fatto l'espiazione per essa, le sarà perdonato. 29 Si tratti di un nativo del paese tra gli Israeliti o di uno straniero che soggiorna in mezzo a voi, avrete un'unica legge per colui che pecca per inavvertenza.

30 Ma la persona che agisce con deliberazione, nativo del paese o straniero, insulta il Signore; essa sarà eliminata dal suo popolo. 31 Poiché ha disprezzato la parola del Signore e ha violato il suo comando, quella persona dovrà essere eliminata; porterà il peso della sua colpa».

Violazione del sabato

32 Mentre gli Israeliti erano nel deserto, trovarono un uomo che raccoglieva legna in giorno di sabato. 33 Quelli che l'avevano trovato a raccogliere legna, lo condussero a Mosè, ad Aronne e a tutta la comunità. 34 Lo misero sotto sorveglianza, perché non era stato ancora stabilito che cosa gli si dovesse fare. 35 Il Signore disse a Mosè: «Quell'uomo deve essere messo a morte; tutta la comunità lo lapiderà fuori dell'accampamento». 36 Tutta la comunità lo condusse fuori dell'accampamento e lo lapidò; quegli morì secondo il comando che il Signore aveva dato a Mosè.

I fiocchi dei vestiti

37 Il Signore aggiunse a Mosè: 38 «Parla agli Israeliti e ordina loro che si facciano, di generazione in generazione, fiocchi agli angoli delle loro vesti e che mettano al fiocco di ogni angolo un cordone di porpora viola. 39 Avrete tali fiocchi e, quando li guarderete, vi ricorderete di tutti i comandi del Signore per metterli in pratica; non andrete vagando dietro il vostro cuore e i vostri occhi, seguendo i quali vi prostituite. 40 Così vi ricorderete di tutti i miei comandi, li metterete in pratica e sarete santi per il vostro Dio. 41 Io sono il Signore vostro Dio, che vi ho fatti uscire dal paese di Egitto per essere il vostro Dio. Io sono il Signore vostro Dio».

15 And Jehovah spake unto Moses, saying, Speak unto the children of Israel, and say unto them, When ye are come into the land of your habitations, which I give unto you, and will make an offering by fire unto Jehovah, a burnt-offering, or a sacrifice, [a]to accomplish a vow, or as a freewill-offering, or in your set feasts, to make a sweet savor unto Jehovah, of the herd, or of the flock; then shall he that offereth his oblation offer unto Jehovah a meal-offering of a tenth part of an ephah of fine flour mingled with the fourth part of a hin of oil: and wine for the drink-offering, the fourth part of a hin, shalt thou prepare with the burnt-offering, or for the sacrifice, for each lamb. Or for a ram, thou shalt prepare for a meal-offering two tenth parts of an ephah of fine flour mingled with the third part of a hin of oil: and for the drink-offering thou shalt offer the third part of a hin of wine, of a sweet savor unto Jehovah. And when thou preparest a bullock for a burnt-offering, or for a sacrifice, [b]to accomplish a vow, or for peace-offerings unto Jehovah; then shall he offer with the bullock a meal-offering of three tenth parts of an ephah of fine flour mingled with half a hin of oil: 10 and thou shalt offer for the drink-offering half a hin of wine, for an offering made by fire, of a sweet savor unto Jehovah.

11 Thus shall it be done for each bullock, or for each ram, or for each of the he-lambs, or of the kids. 12 According to the number that ye shall prepare, so shall ye do to every one according to their number. 13 All that are home-born shall do these things after this manner, in offering an offering made by fire, of a sweet savor unto Jehovah. 14 And if a stranger sojourn with you, or whosoever may be among you throughout your generations, and will offer an offering made by fire, of a sweet savor unto Jehovah; as ye do, so he shall do. 15 For the assembly, there shall be one statute for you, and for the stranger that sojourneth with you, a statute for ever throughout your generations: as ye are, so shall the sojourner be before Jehovah. 16 One law and one ordinance shall be for you, and for the stranger that sojourneth with you.

17 And Jehovah spake unto Moses, saying, 18 Speak unto the children of Israel, and say unto them, When ye come into the land whither I bring you, 19 then it shall be, that, when ye eat of the bread of the land, ye shall offer up a heave-offering unto Jehovah. 20 Of the first of your [c]dough ye shall offer up a cake for a heave-offering: as the heave-offering of the threshing-floor, so shall ye heave it. 21 Of the first of your dough ye shall give unto Jehovah a heave-offering throughout your generations.

22 And when ye shall err, and not observe all these commandments, which Jehovah hath spoken unto Moses, 23 even all that Jehovah hath commanded you by Moses, from the day that Jehovah gave commandment, and onward throughout your generations; 24 then it shall be, if it be done [d]unwittingly, without the knowledge of the congregation, that all the congregation shall offer one young bullock for a burnt-offering, for a sweet savor unto Jehovah, with the meal-offering thereof, and the drink-offering thereof, according to the ordinance, and one he-goat for a sin-offering. 25 And the priest shall make atonement for all the congregation of the children of Israel, and they shall be forgiven; for it was an error, and they have brought their oblation, an offering made by fire unto Jehovah, and their sin-offering before Jehovah, for their error: 26 and all the congregation of the children of Israel shall be forgiven, and the stranger that sojourneth among them; for in respect of all the people it was done unwittingly.

27 And if one person sin unwittingly, then he shall offer a she-goat a year old for a sin-offering. 28 And the priest shall make atonement for the soul that erreth, when he sinneth unwittingly, before Jehovah, to make atonement for him; and he shall be forgiven. 29 Ye shall have one law for him that doeth aught unwittingly, for him that is home-born among the children of Israel, and for the stranger that sojourneth among them. 30 But the soul that doeth aught with a high hand, whether he be home-born or a sojourner, the same blasphemeth Jehovah; and that soul shall be cut off from among his people. 31 Because he hath despised the word of Jehovah, and hath broken his commandment, that soul shall utterly be cut off; his iniquity shall be upon him.

32 And while the children of Israel were in the wilderness, they found a man gathering sticks upon the sabbath day. 33 And they that found him gathering sticks brought him unto Moses and Aaron, and unto all the congregation. 34 And they put him in ward, because it had not been declared what should be done to him. 35 And Jehovah said unto Moses, The man shall surely be put to death: all the congregation shall stone him with stones without the camp. 36 And all the congregation brought him without the camp, and stoned him to death with stones; as Jehovah commanded Moses.

37 And Jehovah spake unto Moses, saying, 38 Speak unto the children of Israel, and bid them that they make them [e]fringes in the borders of their garments throughout their generations, and that they put upon the fringe of each border a cord of blue: 39 and it shall be unto you for a fringe, that ye may look upon it, and remember all the commandments of Jehovah, and do them; and that ye [f]follow not after your own heart and your own eyes, after which ye use to play the harlot; 40 that ye may remember and do all my commandments, and be holy unto your God. 41 I am Jehovah your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, to be your God: I am Jehovah your God.

Footnotes

  1. Numbers 15:3 Or, in making a special vow
  2. Numbers 15:8 Or, in making a special vow
  3. Numbers 15:20 Or, coarse meal
  4. Numbers 15:24 Or, in error
  5. Numbers 15:38 Or, tassels in the corners
  6. Numbers 15:39 Hebrew spy not out.

Supplementary Offerings

15 The Lord said to Moses, “Speak to the Israelites and say to them: ‘After you enter the land I am giving you(A) as a home and you present to the Lord food offerings from the herd or the flock,(B) as an aroma pleasing to the Lord(C)—whether burnt offerings(D) or sacrifices, for special vows or freewill offerings(E) or festival offerings(F) then the person who brings an offering shall present to the Lord a grain offering(G) of a tenth of an ephah[a] of the finest flour(H) mixed with a quarter of a hin[b] of olive oil. With each lamb(I) for the burnt offering or the sacrifice, prepare a quarter of a hin of wine(J) as a drink offering.(K)

“‘With a ram(L) prepare a grain offering(M) of two-tenths of an ephah[c](N) of the finest flour mixed with a third of a hin[d] of olive oil,(O) and a third of a hin of wine(P) as a drink offering.(Q) Offer it as an aroma pleasing to the Lord.(R)

“‘When you prepare a young bull(S) as a burnt offering or sacrifice, for a special vow(T) or a fellowship offering(U) to the Lord, bring with the bull a grain offering(V) of three-tenths of an ephah[e](W) of the finest flour mixed with half a hin[f] of olive oil, 10 and also bring half a hin of wine(X) as a drink offering.(Y) This will be a food offering, an aroma pleasing to the Lord.(Z) 11 Each bull or ram, each lamb or young goat, is to be prepared in this manner. 12 Do this for each one, for as many as you prepare.(AA)

13 “‘Everyone who is native-born(AB) must do these things in this way when they present a food offering as an aroma pleasing to the Lord.(AC) 14 For the generations to come,(AD) whenever a foreigner(AE) or anyone else living among you presents a food(AF) offering(AG) as an aroma pleasing to the Lord, they must do exactly as you do. 15 The community is to have the same rules for you and for the foreigner residing among you; this is a lasting ordinance for the generations to come.(AH) You and the foreigner shall be the same before the Lord: 16 The same laws and regulations will apply both to you and to the foreigner residing among you.(AI)’”

17 The Lord said to Moses, 18 “Speak to the Israelites and say to them: ‘When you enter the land to which I am taking you(AJ) 19 and you eat the food of the land,(AK) present a portion as an offering to the Lord.(AL) 20 Present a loaf from the first of your ground meal(AM) and present it as an offering from the threshing floor.(AN) 21 Throughout the generations to come(AO) you are to give this offering to the Lord from the first of your ground meal.(AP)

Offerings for Unintentional Sins

22 “‘Now if you as a community unintentionally fail to keep any of these commands the Lord gave Moses(AQ) 23 any of the Lord’s commands to you through him, from the day the Lord gave them and continuing through the generations to come(AR) 24 and if this is done unintentionally(AS) without the community being aware of it,(AT) then the whole community is to offer a young bull for a burnt offering(AU) as an aroma pleasing to the Lord,(AV) along with its prescribed grain offering(AW) and drink offering,(AX) and a male goat for a sin offering.[g](AY) 25 The priest is to make atonement for the whole Israelite community, and they will be forgiven,(AZ) for it was not intentional(BA) and they have presented to the Lord for their wrong a food offering(BB) and a sin offering.(BC) 26 The whole Israelite community and the foreigners residing among them will be forgiven, because all the people were involved in the unintentional wrong.(BD)

27 “‘But if just one person sins unintentionally,(BE) that person must bring a year-old female goat for a sin offering.(BF) 28 The priest is to make atonement(BG) before the Lord for the one who erred by sinning unintentionally, and when atonement has been made, that person will be forgiven.(BH) 29 One and the same law applies to everyone who sins unintentionally, whether a native-born Israelite or a foreigner residing among you.(BI)

30 “‘But anyone who sins defiantly,(BJ) whether native-born or foreigner,(BK) blasphemes the Lord(BL) and must be cut off from the people of Israel.(BM) 31 Because they have despised(BN) the Lord’s word and broken his commands,(BO) they must surely be cut off; their guilt remains on them.(BP)’”

The Sabbath-Breaker Put to Death

32 While the Israelites were in the wilderness,(BQ) a man was found gathering wood on the Sabbath day.(BR) 33 Those who found him gathering wood brought him to Moses and Aaron and the whole assembly, 34 and they kept him in custody, because it was not clear what should be done to him.(BS) 35 Then the Lord said to Moses, “The man must die.(BT) The whole assembly must stone him outside the camp.(BU) 36 So the assembly took him outside the camp and stoned him(BV) to death,(BW) as the Lord commanded Moses.(BX)

Tassels on Garments

37 The Lord said to Moses, 38 “Speak to the Israelites and say to them: ‘Throughout the generations to come(BY) you are to make tassels on the corners of your garments,(BZ) with a blue cord on each tassel. 39 You will have these tassels to look at and so you will remember(CA) all the commands of the Lord, that you may obey them and not prostitute yourselves(CB) by chasing after the lusts of your own hearts(CC) and eyes. 40 Then you will remember to obey all my commands(CD) and will be consecrated to your God.(CE) 41 I am the Lord your God, who brought you out of Egypt to be your God.(CF) I am the Lord your God.(CG)’”

Footnotes

  1. Numbers 15:4 That is, probably about 3 1/2 pounds or about 1.6 kilograms
  2. Numbers 15:4 That is, about 1 quart or about 1 liter; also in verse 5
  3. Numbers 15:6 That is, probably about 7 pounds or about 3.2 kilograms
  4. Numbers 15:6 That is, about 1 1/3 quarts or about 1.3 liters; also in verse 7
  5. Numbers 15:9 That is, probably about 11 pounds or about 5 kilograms
  6. Numbers 15:9 That is, about 2 quarts or about 1.9 liters; also in verse 10
  7. Numbers 15:24 Or purification offering; also in verses 25 and 27