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The Sons of Aaron

When the Lord talked with Moses on Mount Sinai, (A) Aaron's four sons, Nadab, Abihu, Eleazar, and Ithamar, were the ones to be ordained as priests. (B) But the Lord killed Nadab and Abihu in the Sinai Desert when they used fire that was unacceptable[a] in their offering to the Lord.[b] And because Nadab and Abihu had no sons, only Eleazar and Ithamar served as priests with their father Aaron.

The Duties of the Levites

The Lord said to Moses:

Assign the Levi tribe to Aaron the priest. They will be his assistants and will work at the sacred tent for him and for all the Israelites. The Levites will serve the community by being responsible for the furnishings of the tent. They are assigned to help Aaron and his sons, 10 who have been appointed to be priests. Anyone else who tries to perform the duties of a priest must be put to death.

11-13 (C) Moses, I have chosen these Levites from all Israel, and they will belong to me in a special way. When I killed the first-born sons of the Egyptians, I decided that the first-born sons in every Israelite family and the first-born males of their flocks and herds would be mine.[c] But now I accept these Levites in place of the first-born sons of the Israelites.

The Levites Are Counted

14 In the Sinai Desert the Lord said to Moses, 15 “Now I want you to count the men and boys in the Levi tribe by families and by clans. Include every one at least a month old.” 16 So Moses obeyed and counted them.

17 Levi's three sons, Gershon, Kohath, and Merari, had become the heads of their own clans. 18 Gershon's sons were Libni and Shimei. 19 Kohath's sons were Amram, Izhar, Hebron, and Uzziel. 20 And Merari's sons were Mahli and Mushi. These were the sons and grandsons of Levi, and they had become the leaders of the Levite clans.

21 The two Gershon clans were the Libnites and Shimeites, 22 and they had 7,500 men and boys at least one month old. 23-24 The Gershonites, under the leadership of Eliasaph son of Lael, were to camp on the west side of the sacred tent. 25 Their duties at the tent included taking care of the tent itself, along with its outer covering, the curtain for the entrance, 26 the curtains hanging inside the courtyard around the tent, as well as the curtain and ropes for the entrance to the courtyard and its altar. The Gershonites were responsible for setting these things up and taking them down.

27 The four Kohath clans were the Amramites, Izharites, Hebronites, and the Uzzielites, 28 and they had 8,600[d] men and boys at least one month old. 29-30 The Kohathites, under the leadership of Elizaphan son of Uzziel, were to camp on the south side of the sacred tent. 31 Their duties at the tent included taking care of the sacred chest, the table for the sacred bread, the lampstand, the altars, the objects used for worship, and the curtain in front of the most holy place. The Kohathites were responsible for setting these things up and taking them down.

32 Eleazar son of Aaron was the head of the Levite leaders, and he made sure that the work at the sacred tent was done.

33 The two Merari clans were the Mahlites and the Mushites, 34 and they had 6,200 men and boys at least one month old. 35 The Merarites, under the leadership of Zuriel son of Abihail, were to camp on the north side of the sacred tent. 36-37 Their duties included taking care of the tent frames and the pieces that held the tent up: the bars, the posts, the stands, and its other equipment. They were also in charge of the posts that supported the courtyard, as well as their stands, tent pegs, and ropes. The Merari clans were responsible for setting these things up and taking them down.

38 Moses, Aaron, and his sons were to camp in front of the sacred tent, on the east side, and to make sure that the Israelites worshiped in the proper way. Anyone else who tried to do the work of Moses and Aaron was to be put to death.

39 So Moses and Aaron obeyed the Lord and counted the Levites by their clans. The total number of Levites at least one month old was 22,000.

The Levites Are Accepted as Substitutes for the First-Born Sons

40 The Lord said to Moses, “Make a list and count the first-born sons at least one month old in each of the Israelite families. 41 They belong to me, but I will accept the Levites as substitutes for them, and I will accept the Levites' livestock as substitutes for the Israelites' first-born livestock.”

42 Moses obeyed the Lord and counted the first-born sons; 43 there were 22,273 of them.

44 Then the Lord said, 45 “The Levites will belong to me and will take the place of the first-born sons; their livestock will take the place of the Israelites' first-born livestock. 46 But since there are more first-born sons than Levites, the extra 273 men and boys must be bought back from me. 47 For each one, you are to collect five pieces of silver, weighed according to the official standards. 48 This money must then be given to Aaron and his sons.”

49 Moses collected the silver from the extra 273 first-born men and boys, 50 and it amounted to 1,365 pieces of silver, weighed according to the official standards. 51 Then he gave it to Aaron and his sons, just as the Lord had commanded.

Footnotes

  1. 3.4 fire that was unacceptable: One possible meaning for the difficult Hebrew text.
  2. 3.4 the Lord killed Nadab and Abihu … to the Lord: See Leviticus 10.1,2.
  3. 3.11-13 When I killed … mine: See Exodus 13.1,2, 11-16.
  4. 3.28 8,600: Hebrew; some manuscripts of one ancient translation “8,300.”

利未人的職分

以下是耶和華在西奈山與摩西說話期間亞倫和摩西的後代。

亞倫的長子是拿答,其他兒子還有亞比戶、以利亞撒和以他瑪。 亞倫的兒子都是受膏的祭司,從摩西那裡承受聖職做祭司。 拿答和亞比戶在西奈曠野用凡火向耶和華獻祭,因而被擊殺。他們沒有後裔,因此只剩下以利亞撒和以他瑪在父親亞倫身邊擔任祭司。

耶和華對摩西說: 「你去叫利未支派來協助亞倫祭司。 他們要為亞倫和全體會眾在會幕司職,辦理聖幕的事務, 也要負責看守會幕裡面的器具,為以色列人辦理聖幕的事務。 你要把利未人交給亞倫父子們,因為他們是從以色列人中選出來協助亞倫的。 10 你要指派亞倫父子們盡祭司的職分,其他人若走近聖幕,必被處死。」 11 耶和華又對摩西說: 12 「我從以色列人中揀選利未人代替以色列人所有的長子。利未人要屬於我, 13 因為所有頭生的都屬於我。我殺死埃及人所有的長子和頭生的牲畜那天,已把以色列人所有的長子和頭生的牲畜都分別出來,使之聖潔,歸給我,我是耶和華。」

14 耶和華在西奈曠野對摩西說: 15 「你要按利未人的宗族和家系統計他們的人口,登記所有年齡在一個月以上的男性。」 16 於是,摩西照耶和華的吩咐統計利未人。 17 利未的兒子是革順、哥轄和米拉利。 18 革順的兒子依次是立尼和示每。 19 哥轄的兒子依次是暗蘭、以斯哈、希伯崙和烏薛。 20 米拉利的兒子依次是抹利和姆示。他們按家系都屬於利未人的宗族。

21 革順宗族有立尼和示每兩個家族, 22 其中年齡在一個月以上的男性共七千五百人。 23 革順宗族的人要在聖幕的後面,即西面安營, 24 拉伊勒的兒子以利雅薩做首領。 25 他們負責看守會幕,即聖幕、聖幕的罩棚、頂蓋和門簾、 26 圍繞聖幕和祭壇的院子的帷幔、門簾、繩索及一切相關的物品。

27 哥轄宗族有暗蘭家族、以斯哈家族、希伯崙家族和烏薛家族, 28 其中年齡在一個月以上的男性共有八千六百人,他們負責看守聖所。 29 哥轄宗族的人要在聖幕南面安營, 30 烏薛的兒子以利撒反做首領。 31 他們負責照管約櫃、桌子、燈臺、兩座壇、聖所裡面的器具、幔子等一切物品。 32 亞倫祭司的兒子以利亞撒是利未人的最高首領,負責監督在聖所工作的人。

33 米拉利宗族有抹利和姆示兩個家族, 34 其中年齡在一個月以上的男性共六千二百人, 35 亞比亥的兒子蘇列做首領。他們要在聖幕的北面安營, 36 負責照管聖幕的木板、橫閂、柱子、帶凹槽的底座和聖幕的一切器具, 37 以及院子四周的柱子、帶凹槽的底座、橛子和繩索。

38 摩西、亞倫和亞倫的兒子們要在聖幕東面、朝日出的方向安營,為以色列人在聖所司職。凡擅自走近聖所的人,都要被處死。 39 摩西和亞倫照耶和華的吩咐,按宗族統計利未人,年齡在一個月以上的男性共兩萬二千人。

利未人代替長子的地位

40 耶和華對摩西說:「你要統計以色列人中年齡在一個月以上的長子,登記他們的姓名。 41 我是耶和華,你要把利未人歸給我,代替以色列人所有的長子,也要把利未人的牲畜獻給我,代替以色列人所有頭生的牲畜。」 42 摩西就照耶和華的吩咐統計了以色列人的長子, 43 年齡在一個月以上的共兩萬二千二百七十三人。 44 耶和華又對摩西說: 45 「你要用利未人代替以色列人所有的長子,用利未人的牲畜代替以色列人所有頭生的牲畜。利未人是屬於我的,我是耶和華。 46 以色列人所有長子的人數比利未人總數多二百七十三人,這些多出來的人需要被贖回, 47 每人折合五十五克銀子,要以聖所的秤為準,即一舍客勒[a]是二十季拉。 48 要把贖銀交給亞倫父子們。」 49 摩西就收取了那二百七十三人的贖銀, 50 以聖所的秤計算,共十五公斤銀子, 51 照耶和華的吩咐,將贖銀交給亞倫父子們。

Footnotes

  1. 3·47 一舍客勒約合十一克。

The Sons of Aaron(A)

Now these are the (B)records[a] of Aaron and Moses when the Lord spoke with Moses on Mount Sinai. And these are the names of the sons of Aaron: Nadab, the (C)firstborn, and (D)Abihu, Eleazar, and Ithamar. These are the names of the sons of Aaron, (E)the anointed priests, [b]whom he consecrated to minister as priests. (F)Nadab and Abihu had died before the Lord when they offered profane fire before the Lord in the Wilderness of Sinai; and they had no children. So Eleazar and Ithamar ministered as priests in the presence of Aaron their father.

The Levites Serve in the Tabernacle

And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying: (G)“Bring the tribe of Levi near, and present them before Aaron the priest, that they may serve him. And they shall attend to his needs and the needs of the whole congregation before the tabernacle of meeting, to do (H)the work of the tabernacle. Also they shall attend to all the furnishings of the tabernacle of meeting, and to the needs of the children of Israel, to do the work of the tabernacle. And (I)you shall give the Levites to Aaron and his sons; they are given entirely to [c]him from among the children of Israel. 10 So you shall appoint Aaron and his sons, (J)and they shall attend to their priesthood; (K)but the outsider who comes near shall be put to death.”

11 Then the Lord spoke to Moses, saying: 12 “Now behold, (L)I Myself have taken the Levites from among the children of Israel instead of every firstborn who opens the womb among the children of Israel. Therefore the Levites shall be (M)Mine, 13 because (N)all the firstborn are Mine. (O)On the day that I struck all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, I sanctified to Myself all the firstborn in Israel, both man and beast. They shall be Mine: I am the Lord.”

Census of the Levites Commanded(P)

14 Then the Lord spoke to Moses in the Wilderness of Sinai, saying: 15 “Number the children of Levi by their fathers’ houses, by their families; you shall number (Q)every male from a month old and above.”

16 So Moses numbered them according to the [d]word of the Lord, as he was commanded. 17 (R)These were the sons of Levi by their names: Gershon, Kohath, and Merari. 18 And these are the names of the sons of (S)Gershon by their families: (T)Libni and Shimei. 19 And the sons of (U)Kohath by their families: (V)Amram, Izehar, Hebron, and Uzziel. 20 (W)And the sons of Merari by their families: Mahli and Mushi. These are the families of the Levites by their fathers’ houses.

21 From Gershon came the family of the Libnites and the family of the Shimites; these were the families of the Gershonites. 22 Those who were numbered, according to the number of all the males from a month old and above—of those who were numbered there were seven thousand five hundred. 23 (X)The families of the Gershonites were to camp behind the tabernacle westward. 24 And the leader of the father’s house of the Gershonites was Eliasaph the son of Lael. 25 (Y)The duties of the children of Gershon in the tabernacle of meeting included (Z)the tabernacle, (AA)the tent with (AB)its covering, (AC)the screen for the door of the tabernacle of meeting, 26 (AD)the screen for the door of the court, (AE)the hangings of the court which are around the tabernacle and the altar, and (AF)their cords, according to all the work relating to them.

27 (AG)From Kohath came the family of the Amramites, the family of the Izharites, the family of the Hebronites, and the family of the Uzzielites; these were the families of the Kohathites. 28 According to the number of all the males, from a month old and above, there were eight thousand [e]six hundred [f]keeping charge of the sanctuary. 29 (AH)The families of the children of Kohath were to camp on the south side of the tabernacle. 30 And the leader of the fathers’ house of the families of the Kohathites was Elizaphan the son of (AI)Uzziel. 31 (AJ)Their duty included (AK)the ark, (AL)the table, (AM)the lampstand, (AN)the altars, the utensils of the sanctuary with which they ministered, (AO)the screen, and all the work relating to them.

32 And Eleazar the son of Aaron the priest was to be chief over the leaders of the Levites, with oversight of those who kept charge of the sanctuary.

33 From Merari came the family of the Mahlites and the family of the Mushites; these were the families of Merari. 34 And those who were numbered, according to the number of all the males from a month old and above, were six thousand two hundred. 35 The leader of the fathers’ house of the families of Merari was Zuriel the son of Abihail. (AP)These were to camp on the north side of the tabernacle. 36 And (AQ)the appointed duty of the children of Merari included the boards of the tabernacle, its bars, its pillars, its sockets, its utensils, all the work relating to them, 37 and the pillars of the court all around, with their sockets, their pegs, and their cords.

38 (AR)Moreover those who were to camp before the tabernacle on the east, before the tabernacle of meeting, were Moses, Aaron, and his sons, (AS)keeping charge of the sanctuary, (AT)to meet the needs of the children of Israel; but (AU)the outsider who came near was to be put to death. 39 (AV)All who were numbered of the Levites, whom Moses and Aaron numbered at the commandment of the Lord, by their families, all the males from a month old and above, were twenty-two thousand.

Levites Dedicated Instead of the Firstborn

40 Then the Lord said to Moses: (AW)“Number[g] all the firstborn males of the children of Israel from a month old and above, and take the number of their names. 41 (AX)And you shall take the Levites for Me—I am the Lord—instead of all the firstborn among the children of Israel, and the livestock of the Levites instead of all the firstborn among the livestock of the children of Israel.” 42 So Moses numbered all the firstborn among the children of Israel, as the Lord commanded him. 43 And all the firstborn males, according to the number of names from a month old and above, of those who were numbered of them, were twenty-two thousand two hundred and seventy-three.

44 Then the Lord spoke to Moses, saying: 45 (AY)“Take the Levites instead of all the firstborn among the children of Israel, and the livestock of the Levites instead of their livestock. The Levites shall be Mine: I am the Lord. 46 And for (AZ)the redemption of the two hundred and seventy-three of the firstborn of the children of Israel, (BA)who are more than the number of the Levites, 47 you shall take (BB)five shekels for each one (BC)individually; you shall take them in the currency of the shekel of the sanctuary, (BD)the shekel of twenty gerahs. 48 And you shall give the money, with which the excess number of them is redeemed, to Aaron and his sons.”

49 So Moses took the redemption money from those who were over and above those who were redeemed by the Levites. 50 From the firstborn of the children of Israel he took the money, (BE)one thousand three hundred and sixty-five shekels, according to the shekel of the sanctuary. 51 And Moses (BF)gave their redemption money to Aaron and his sons, according to the word of the Lord, as the Lord commanded Moses.

Footnotes

  1. Numbers 3:1 Lit. generations
  2. Numbers 3:3 Lit. whose hands he filled
  3. Numbers 3:9 Sam., LXX Me
  4. Numbers 3:16 Lit. mouth
  5. Numbers 3:28 Some LXX mss. three
  6. Numbers 3:28 taking care of
  7. Numbers 3:40 Take a census of