The Red Cow

19 1-4 God spoke to Moses and Aaron: “This is the rule from the Revelation that God commands: Tell the People of Israel to get a red cow, a healthy specimen, ritually clean, that has never been in harness. Present it to Eleazar the priest, then take it outside the camp and butcher it while he looks on. Eleazar will take some of the blood on his finger and splash it seven times in the direction of the Tent of Meeting.

5-8 “Then under Eleazar’s supervision burn the cow, the whole thing—hide, meat, blood, even its dung. The priest then will take a stick of cedar, some sprigs of hyssop, and a piece of scarlet material and throw them on the burning cow. Afterwards the priest must wash his clothes and bathe well with water. He can then come into the camp but he remains ritually unclean until evening. The man who burns the cow must also wash his clothes and bathe with water. He also is unclean until evening.

“Then a man who is ritually clean will gather the ashes of the cow and place them in a ritually clean place outside the camp. The congregation of Israel will keep them to use in the Water-of-Cleansing, an Absolution-Offering.

10 “The man who gathered up the ashes must scrub his clothes; he is ritually unclean until evening. This is to be a standing rule for both native-born Israelites and foreigners living among them.

11-13 “Anyone who touches a dead body is ritually unclean for seven days. He must purify himself with the Water-of-Cleansing on the third day; on the seventh day he will be clean. But if he doesn’t follow the procedures for the third and seventh days, he won’t be clean. Anyone who touches the dead body of anyone and doesn’t get cleansed desecrates God’s Dwelling and is to be excommunicated. For as long as the Water-of-Cleansing has not been sprinkled on him, he remains ritually unclean.

14-15 “This is the rule for someone who dies in his tent: Anyone who enters the tent or is already in the tent is ritually unclean for seven days, and every open container without a lid is unclean.

16-21 “Anyone out in the open field who touches a corpse, whether dead from violent or natural causes, or a human bone or a grave is unclean for seven days. For this unclean person, take some ashes from the burned Absolution-Offering and add some fresh water to it in a bowl. Find a ritually clean man to dip a sprig of hyssop into the water and sprinkle the tent and all its furnishings, the persons who were in the tent, the one who touched the bones of the person who was killed or died a natural death, and whoever may have touched a grave. Then he is to sprinkle the unclean person on the third and seventh days. On the seventh day he is considered cleansed. The cleansed person must then scrub his clothes and take a bath; by evening he is clean. But if an unclean person does not go through these cleansing procedures, he must be excommunicated from the community; he has desecrated the Sanctuary of God. The Water-of-Cleansing has not been sprinkled on him and he is ritually unclean. This is the standing rule for these cases.

“The man who sprinkles the Water-of-Cleansing has to scrub his clothes; anyone else who touched the Water-of-Cleansing is also ritually unclean until evening.

22 “Anything the ritually unclean man touches becomes unclean, and the person who touches what he touched is unclean until evening.”

Вода очищения

19 Вечный сказал Мусе и Харуну:

– Вот установление Закона, который вам дал Я, Вечный: Скажи исраильтянам привести к тебе рыжую телицу без изъяна, которая никогда не ходила под ярмом. Отдай её священнослужителю Элеазару. Потом пусть её выведут за лагерь и заколят в присутствии священнослужителя. Пусть священнослужитель Элеазар возьмёт на палец кровь телицы и покропит ею семь раз переднюю сторону шатра встречи. Пусть у него на глазах шкуру, мясо, кровь и нечистоты телицы сожгут. Пусть священнослужитель возьмёт кедровое дерево, иссоп и алую шерсть[a] и бросит это на сжигаемую телицу. После этого пусть священнослужитель выстирает одежду и вымоется сам. Теперь он сможет войти в лагерь, но будет нечист до вечера. Пусть тот, кто принимал участие в сожжении телицы, тоже выстирает одежду и вымоется сам. Он тоже будет нечист до вечера.

Пусть тот, кто чист, соберёт пепел телицы и положит его на чистом месте вне лагеря. Пусть он хранится у народа Исраила для воды очищения. Это очистительное приношение. 10 Пусть тот, кто соберёт пепел телицы, тоже выстирает одежду. Он тоже будет нечист до вечера. Это установление будет вечным и для исраильтян, и для живущих у них чужеземцев.

11 Любой, кто прикоснётся к мёртвому человеческому телу, будет нечист семь дней. 12 Пусть он очистит себя водой на третий и на седьмой день; потом он будет чист. Но если он не очистит себя на третий и на седьмой день, то он не будет чист. 13 Всякий, кто прикоснулся к мёртвому человеческому телу и не очистился, оскверняет Мой священный шатёр. Такой человек должен быть исторгнут из Исраила. Его не окропили водой очищения: он нечист; его нечистота остаётся на нём.

14 Вот Закон, если кто-то умирает в шатре: любой, кто входит в шатёр, и любой, кто находится в нём, будут нечисты семь дней, 15 и любой незакрытый крышкой сосуд в этом шатре будет нечист.

16 Любой, кто прикоснётся в поле к убитому мечом или к умершему своей смертью, и любой, кто прикоснётся к человеческой кости или могиле, будет нечист семь дней.

17 Пусть для нечистого человека положат в сосуд пепел от сожжённого очистительного приношения и нальют сверху свежей воды. 18 Пусть тот, кто чист, возьмёт иссоп, обмакнёт его в воду и окропит шатёр, всю утварь, людей, которые там, и того, кто прикоснулся к человеческой кости, могиле, убитому или умершему своей смертью. 19 Пусть тот, кто чист, окропит нечистого человека на третий и на седьмой день; так он очистит его на седьмой день. Пусть тот, кто очистился, выстирает одежду и вымоется сам. В тот вечер он будет чист. 20 Но если тот, кто нечист, не очистится, то он должен быть исторгнут из народа за то, что осквернял Моё святилище. Его не окропили водой очищения – он нечист. 21 Это установление для них будет вечным.

Пусть тот, кто кропит водой очищения, тоже выстирает одежду. Любой, кто прикоснётся к воде очищения, будет нечист до вечера. 22 Всё, к чему прикоснётся нечистый человек, станет нечистым, и любой, кто прикоснётся к этому, станет нечистым до вечера.

Footnotes

  1. 19:6 Иссоп   – по всей вероятности, это не собственно иссоп, а один из видов майорана, распространённый в Исраиле. Кедровое дерево, иссоп и алая шерсть были символами очищения от греха в иудейской культуре.

19 And the Lord spake unto Moses and unto Aaron, saying,

This is the ordinance of the law which the Lord hath commanded, saying, Speak unto the children of Israel, that they bring thee a red heifer without spot, wherein is no blemish, and upon which never came yoke:

And ye shall give her unto Eleazar the priest, that he may bring her forth without the camp, and one shall slay her before his face:

And Eleazar the priest shall take of her blood with his finger, and sprinkle of her blood directly before the tabernacle of the congregation seven times:

And one shall burn the heifer in his sight; her skin, and her flesh, and her blood, with her dung, shall he burn:

And the priest shall take cedar wood, and hyssop, and scarlet, and cast it into the midst of the burning of the heifer.

Then the priest shall wash his clothes, and he shall bathe his flesh in water, and afterward he shall come into the camp, and the priest shall be unclean until the even.

And he that burneth her shall wash his clothes in water, and bathe his flesh in water, and shall be unclean until the even.

And a man that is clean shall gather up the ashes of the heifer, and lay them up without the camp in a clean place, and it shall be kept for the congregation of the children of Israel for a water of separation: it is a purification for sin.

10 And he that gathereth the ashes of the heifer shall wash his clothes, and be unclean until the even: and it shall be unto the children of Israel, and unto the stranger that sojourneth among them, for a statute for ever.

11 He that toucheth the dead body of any man shall be unclean seven days.

12 He shall purify himself with it on the third day, and on the seventh day he shall be clean: but if he purify not himself the third day, then the seventh day he shall not be clean.

13 Whosoever toucheth the dead body of any man that is dead, and purifieth not himself, defileth the tabernacle of the Lord; and that soul shall be cut off from Israel: because the water of separation was not sprinkled upon him, he shall be unclean; his uncleanness is yet upon him.

14 This is the law, when a man dieth in a tent: all that come into the tent, and all that is in the tent, shall be unclean seven days.

15 And every open vessel, which hath no covering bound upon it, is unclean.

16 And whosoever toucheth one that is slain with a sword in the open fields, or a dead body, or a bone of a man, or a grave, shall be unclean seven days.

17 And for an unclean person they shall take of the ashes of the burnt heifer of purification for sin, and running water shall be put thereto in a vessel:

18 And a clean person shall take hyssop, and dip it in the water, and sprinkle it upon the tent, and upon all the vessels, and upon the persons that were there, and upon him that touched a bone, or one slain, or one dead, or a grave:

19 And the clean person shall sprinkle upon the unclean on the third day, and on the seventh day: and on the seventh day he shall purify himself, and wash his clothes, and bathe himself in water, and shall be clean at even.

20 But the man that shall be unclean, and shall not purify himself, that soul shall be cut off from among the congregation, because he hath defiled the sanctuary of the Lord: the water of separation hath not been sprinkled upon him; he is unclean.

21 And it shall be a perpetual statute unto them, that he that sprinkleth the water of separation shall wash his clothes; and he that toucheth the water of separation shall be unclean until even.

22 And whatsoever the unclean person toucheth shall be unclean; and the soul that toucheth it shall be unclean until even.