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Numbers 18
New American Bible (Revised Edition)
Numbers 18
New American Bible (Revised Edition)
Chapter 18
1 The Lord said to Aaron:[a] You and your sons as well as your ancestral house with you[b] shall be responsible for any sin with respect to the sanctuary; but only you and your sons with you shall be responsible for any sin with respect to your priesthood. 2 You shall also present with you your kinsmen of the tribe of Levi, your ancestral tribe, that they may be joined to you[c] and assist you, while you and your sons with you are in front of the tent of the covenant. 3 They shall discharge your obligations and those with respect to the whole tent; however, they shall not come near the utensils of the sanctuary or the altar, or else both they and you will die. 4 They will be joined to you to perform the duties associated with the tent of meeting, all the labor pertaining to the tent. But no unauthorized person[d] shall come near you. 5 You shall perform the duties of the sanctuary and of the altar, that wrath may not fall again upon the Israelites.
6 I hereby take your kinsmen, the Levites, from among the Israelites; they are a gift to you,(A) dedicated to the Lord for the labor they perform for the tent of meeting. 7 (B)But you and your sons with you must take care to exercise your priesthood in whatever concerns the altar and the area within the veil.[e] I give you your priesthood as a gift. Any unauthorized person who comes near shall be put to death.
The Priests’ Share of the Sacrifices. 8 The Lord said to Aaron:[f] I hereby give to you charge of the contributions made to me, including the various holy offerings of the Israelites;(C) I assign them to you and to your sons as a perquisite, a perpetual due. 9 This is what you shall have from the oblations that are most holy: every offering of theirs—namely, all their grain offerings, purification offerings, and reparation offerings which they must return to me—shall be most holy for you and for your sons. 10 You shall eat them in a most holy place;[g] every male may partake of them. As holy, they belong to you.
11 This also you shall have: the contributions that are their gifts, including the elevated offering[h] of the Israelites; I assign them to you and to your sons and daughters with you as a perpetual due.(D) All in your household who are clean may eat them. 12 I also assign to you all the best(E) of the new oil and of the new wine and grain that they give to the Lord as their first produce that has been processed. 13 The first-ripened fruits of whatever is in their land, which they bring to the Lord, shall be yours; all of your household who are clean may eat them. 14 Whatever is under the ban[i] in Israel shall be yours. 15 Every living thing that opens the womb, human being and beast alike, such as are to be offered to the Lord, shall be yours;(F) but you must redeem the firstborn of human beings, as well as redeem the firstborn of unclean animals. 16 For the redemption price of a son, when he is a month old, you shall pay the equivalent of five silver shekels according to the sanctuary shekel, that is, twenty gerahs. 17 But the firstborn of cattle, or the firstborn of sheep or the firstborn of goats you shall not redeem; they are holy. Their blood you must splash on the altar and their fat you must burn as an oblation of pleasing aroma to the Lord. 18 (G)Their meat, however, shall be yours, just as the brisket of the elevated offering and the right thigh belong to you. 19 As a perpetual due I assign to you and to your sons and daughters with you all the contributions of holy things which the Israelites set aside for the Lord; this is a covenant of salt[j] to last forever before the Lord, for you and for your descendants with you. 20 (H)Then the Lord said to Aaron:[k] You shall not have any heritage in their land nor hold any portion among them; I will be your portion and your heritage among the Israelites.
Tithes Due the Levites. 21 To the Levites, however, I hereby assign all tithes in Israel as their heritage in recompense for the labor they perform, the labor pertaining to the tent of meeting.(I) 22 The Israelites may no longer approach the tent of meeting, thereby incurring the penalty of death. 23 Only the Levites are to perform the labor pertaining to the tent of meeting, and they shall incur the penalty for the Israelites’ sin;[l] this is a permanent statute for all your generations. But they shall not have any heritage among the Israelites, 24 for I have assigned to the Levites as their heritage the tithes which the Israelites put aside as a contribution to the Lord. That is why I have said, they will not have any heritage among the Israelites.
Tithes Paid by the Levites. 25 The Lord said to Moses: 26 Speak to the Levites and say to them: When you take from the Israelites the tithes I have assigned you from them as your heritage, you are to make a contribution from them to the Lord, a tithe of the tithe; 27 and your contribution will be credited to you as if it were grain from the threshing floor or new wine from the vat. 28 Thus you too shall make a contribution to the Lord from all the tithes you take from the Israelites, handing over to Aaron the priest the contribution to the Lord. 29 From all the gifts to you, you shall make every contribution due to the Lord—from their best parts, that is the part to be consecrated from them.
30 Say to them also: Once you have made your contribution from the best part, the rest of the tithe will be credited to the Levites as if it were produce of the threshing floor or the produce of the vat. 31 You and your households may eat it anywhere, since it is your recompense in exchange for labor in the tent of meeting. 32 You will incur no punishment when you contribute the best part of it. But do not profane the holy offerings of the Israelites or else you shall die.
Footnotes
- 18:1–3 This law, which kept unqualified persons from contact with holy things, is in response to the Israelites’ cry in 17:28. It is followed by other laws concerning priests and Levites.
- 18:1 With you: not only in the present but also those of his house in the future.
- 18:2 Be joined to you: in Hebrew a pun on the popular etymology of the name “Levi.” Cf. Gn 29:34.
- 18:4 Unauthorized person: here, “one who is not a Levite”; in v. 7, “one who is not a priest.”
- 18:7 Veil: the outer veil, or “curtain,” is probably meant.
- 18:8–10 Two classes of offerings are here distinguished: the most holy offering, which only the male members of the priestly families could eat (vv. 8–10), and the other offerings, which the women of the priestly families could eat (vv. 11–19).
- 18:10 In a most holy place: in the court of the tabernacle, according to Lv 6:9, 19.
- 18:11 Elevated offering: this included the brisket and right thigh (v. 18), the shoulder of the peace offering (Lv 7:30–34), and portions of the nazirite sacrifice (Nm 6:19–20). With you: see note on v. 1. Aaron had no daughters; see also v. 19.
- 18:14 Under the ban: in Hebrew, herem, which means here “set aside from profane use and made sacred to the Lord.” Cf. Lv 27:21, 28.
- 18:19 A covenant of salt: cf. 2 Chr 13:5. The reference may perhaps be to the preservative power of salt (cf. Mt 5:13); but more likely the phrase refers to the custom of eating salt together to render a contract unbreakable. See note on Lv 2:13.
- 18:20 The priests and Levites were forbidden to own hereditary land such as the other Israelites possessed; therefore in the allotment of the land (chap. 34) they did not receive any portion of it. Certain cities, however, were assigned to them for their residence; cf. 35:1–8.
- 18:23 Incur the penalty for the Israelites’ sin: the Levites are responsible for protecting the sanctuary from illegitimate encroachment and in this sense pay the penalty for the Israelites’ iniquity. This responds further to the fears of the people expressed in 17:27–28.
Numbers 18
King James Version
Numbers 18
King James Version
18 And the Lord said unto Aaron, Thou and thy sons and thy father's house with thee shall bear the iniquity of the sanctuary: and thou and thy sons with thee shall bear the iniquity of your priesthood.
2 And thy brethren also of the tribe of Levi, the tribe of thy father, bring thou with thee, that they may be joined unto thee, and minister unto thee: but thou and thy sons with thee shall minister before the tabernacle of witness.
3 And they shall keep thy charge, and the charge of all the tabernacle: only they shall not come nigh the vessels of the sanctuary and the altar, that neither they, nor ye also, die.
4 And they shall be joined unto thee, and keep the charge of the tabernacle of the congregation, for all the service of the tabernacle: and a stranger shall not come nigh unto you.
5 And ye shall keep the charge of the sanctuary, and the charge of the altar: that there be no wrath any more upon the children of Israel.
6 And I, behold, I have taken your brethren the Levites from among the children of Israel: to you they are given as a gift for the Lord, to do the service of the tabernacle of the congregation.
7 Therefore thou and thy sons with thee shall keep your priest's office for everything of the altar, and within the vail; and ye shall serve: I have given your priest's office unto you as a service of gift: and the stranger that cometh nigh shall be put to death.
8 And the Lord spake unto Aaron, Behold, I also have given thee the charge of mine heave offerings of all the hallowed things of the children of Israel; unto thee have I given them by reason of the anointing, and to thy sons, by an ordinance for ever.
9 This shall be thine of the most holy things, reserved from the fire: every oblation of their's, every meat offering of their's, and every sin offering of their's, and every trespass offering of their's which they shall render unto me, shall be most holy for thee and for thy sons.
10 In the most holy place shalt thou eat it; every male shall eat it: it shall be holy unto thee.
11 And this is thine; the heave offering of their gift, with all the wave offerings of the children of Israel: I have given them unto thee, and to thy sons and to thy daughters with thee, by a statute for ever: every one that is clean in thy house shall eat of it.
12 All the best of the oil, and all the best of the wine, and of the wheat, the firstfruits of them which they shall offer unto the Lord, them have I given thee.
13 And whatsoever is first ripe in the land, which they shall bring unto the Lord, shall be thine; every one that is clean in thine house shall eat of it.
14 Every thing devoted in Israel shall be thine.
15 Every thing that openeth the matrix in all flesh, which they bring unto the Lord, whether it be of men or beasts, shall be thine: nevertheless the firstborn of man shalt thou surely redeem, and the firstling of unclean beasts shalt thou redeem.
16 And those that are to be redeemed from a month old shalt thou redeem, according to thine estimation, for the money of five shekels, after the shekel of the sanctuary, which is twenty gerahs.
17 But the firstling of a cow, or the firstling of a sheep, or the firstling of a goat, thou shalt not redeem; they are holy: thou shalt sprinkle their blood upon the altar, and shalt burn their fat for an offering made by fire, for a sweet savour unto the Lord.
18 And the flesh of them shall be thine, as the wave breast and as the right shoulder are thine.
19 All the heave offerings of the holy things, which the children of Israel offer unto the Lord, have I given thee, and thy sons and thy daughters with thee, by a statute for ever: it is a covenant of salt for ever before the Lord unto thee and to thy seed with thee.
20 And the Lord spake unto Aaron, Thou shalt have no inheritance in their land, neither shalt thou have any part among them: I am thy part and thine inheritance among the children of Israel.
21 And, behold, I have given the children of Levi all the tenth in Israel for an inheritance, for their service which they serve, even the service of the tabernacle of the congregation.
22 Neither must the children of Israel henceforth come nigh the tabernacle of the congregation, lest they bear sin, and die.
23 But the Levites shall do the service of the tabernacle of the congregation, and they shall bear their iniquity: it shall be a statute for ever throughout your generations, that among the children of Israel they have no inheritance.
24 But the tithes of the children of Israel, which they offer as an heave offering unto the Lord, I have given to the Levites to inherit: therefore I have said unto them, Among the children of Israel they shall have no inheritance.
25 And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying,
26 Thus speak unto the Levites, and say unto them, When ye take of the children of Israel the tithes which I have given you from them for your inheritance, then ye shall offer up an heave offering of it for the Lord, even a tenth part of the tithe.
27 And this your heave offering shall be reckoned unto you, as though it were the corn of the threshingfloor, and as the fulness of the winepress.
28 Thus ye also shall offer an heave offering unto the Lord of all your tithes, which ye receive of the children of Israel; and ye shall give thereof the Lord'S heave offering to Aaron the priest.
29 Out of all your gifts ye shall offer every heave offering of the Lord, of all the best thereof, even the hallowed part thereof out of it.
30 Therefore thou shalt say unto them, When ye have heaved the best thereof from it, then it shall be counted unto the Levites as the increase of the threshingfloor, and as the increase of the winepress.
31 And ye shall eat it in every place, ye and your households: for it is your reward for your service in the tabernacle of the congregation.
32 And ye shall bear no sin by reason of it, when ye have heaved from it the best of it: neither shall ye pollute the holy things of the children of Israel, lest ye die.
民数记 18
Chinese New Version (Traditional)
民数记 18
Chinese New Version (Traditional)
祭司和利未人的職責
18 耶和華對亞倫說：“你和你的兒子，以及你父家的人，要與你一同擔當干犯聖所的罪孽，你和你的兒子要與你一同擔當干犯祭司職任的罪孽。 2 你要帶著你的親族利未支派的人，就是你祖宗支派的人，與你一同前來，使他們與你聯合，並且服事你；只是你和你的兒子要與你一同在約櫃的會幕前供職。 3 他們要守你所吩咐的，和會幕裡的一切事，只是不可走近聖所的器具和祭壇，免得他們和你們都死亡。 4 他們要與你聯合，也要守會幕的本分，辦理會幕的一切事務；只是外人不可走近你們。 5 你們要看守聖所和祭壇，免得震怒再臨到以色列人。 6 我已經把你們的親族利未人，從以色列人中揀選出來，給你們作禮物獻與耶和華，為要辦理會幕的事。 7 你和你的兒子，要與你一同守你們祭司的職分，辦理一切屬祭壇和幔子內的事；你們要這樣供職。我把祭司的職分賜給你們作服事我的賞賜；外人若是近前來，必被處死。”
祭司應得之分
8 耶和華對亞倫說：“我已經把保留歸我的舉祭，就是以色列人一切分別為聖的物，都賜給你和你的子孫，作為永遠應得的分。 9 以色列人所獻一切不經過火、至聖的供物，就是一切素祭、一切贖罪祭和一切贖愆祭，都要作至聖的物，歸給你和你的子孫。 10 你要在至聖的地方吃，凡是男的都可以吃；你要以此物為聖。 11 以色列人禮物中的舉祭，與他們的搖祭，都是你的；我已經給了你和你的兒女，作為永遠應得的分；在你家中潔淨的人都可以吃。 12 最好的油、最好的新酒和五穀，就是以色列人獻給耶和華的初熟的物，我都賜給你。 13 從他們地上帶來給耶和華的初熟的物，都要歸給你們；在你家中潔淨的人，都可以吃。 14 以色列中一切永獻的物，都必歸給你。 15 有血肉生命頭生的，無論是人或是牲畜，就是他們獻給耶和華的，都必歸給你；只是人類頭生的，你總要贖出來；不潔淨牲畜頭生的，也要贖出來。 16 關於他們的贖價，一個月以上的，你要照你估定的價，按著聖所的秤，就是按照聖所的標準重量（“就是按照聖所的標準重量”，原文作“一舍客勒是二十季拉”），用五十七克銀子贖出來。 17 只是頭生的牛、頭生的綿羊，或是頭生的山羊，你不可贖出來；牠們都是聖的。你要把牠們的血灑在祭壇上，把牠們的脂油焚燒，作為獻給耶和華馨香的火祭。 18 牠們的肉卻要歸給你，像搖過的胸和右腿要歸給你一樣。 19 以色列人奉獻給耶和華聖物中的舉祭，我都賜給了你和與你在一起的兒女，作永遠應得的分；這是在耶和華面前給你和與你在一起的後裔作永遠的鹽約。” 20 耶和華對亞倫說：“你在以色列人的地不可有產業，在他們中間也不可有分；在以色列人中間，我就是你的分，是你的產業。
利未人應得之分
21 “至於利未的子孫，我已經把以色列中所有的十分之一，賜給了他們作產業，這是為酬報他們在會幕裡辦理的事務。 22 從今以後，以色列人不可走近會幕，免得他們負罪而死。 23 唯獨利未人要辦理會幕的事，要擔當他們的罪孽，這要作你們世世代代永遠的條例；在以色列人中，他們不可有產業。 24 因為以色列人獻給耶和華為舉祭的十分之一，我已經賜給了利未人作產業；所以我對他們說：在以色列人中，他們不可有產業。”
利未人應納的十分之一
25 耶和華對摩西說： 26 “你要告訴利未人：你們既然從以色列人手中，取得了我賜給你們作產業的十分之一，你們就要從這十分之一中，取出十分之一，獻給耶和華作為舉祭。 27 這要算為你們的舉祭，好像禾場上的五穀，又像榨酒池中滿滿的酒。 28 這樣，你們也要把從以色列人取得的十分之一，作舉祭獻給耶和華；你們要把獻給耶和華的舉祭，歸給亞倫祭司。 29 從你們得的一切禮物中，要把最好的，分別為聖，獻給耶和華為舉祭。 30 所以你要對利未人說：‘如果你們把最好的獻上，這就算為你們禾場上的糧和榨酒池中的酒了。 31 你們和你們的家人，隨處都可以吃，因為這是你們的工價，是你們在會幕裡辦事的報酬。 32 如果你們把最好的獻上，就不致因此擔罪。以色列人的聖物，你們不可褻瀆，免得你們死亡。’”
Números 18
Nueva Versión Internacional
Números 18
Nueva Versión Internacional
Deberes de sacerdotes y levitas
18 El Señor dijo a Aarón: «Todos los de la tribu de Leví se expondrán a sufrir las consecuencias por las ofensas relacionadas con el santuario, pero de entre ellos solo tú y tus hijos se expondrán a las consecuencias asociadas con el sacerdocio. 2 Cuando tú y tus hijos estén ministrando delante de la Tienda donde están las tablas del pacto, tendrán como ayudantes a sus hermanos de la tribu de Leví. 3 Ellos te ayudarán en tus deberes y estarán a cargo de la Tienda, pero no se acercarán a los objetos sagrados ni al altar, para que no mueran. 4 Ellos serán tus ayudantes, y estarán a cargo de la Tienda de reunión y de todo su servicio. Así que, cuando ustedes ministren, nadie que no esté autorizado se les acercará.
5 »Solo ustedes estarán a cargo de las cosas sagradas y del altar, para que no se vuelva a derramar mi ira sobre los israelitas. 6 Considera que yo mismo he escogido, de entre la comunidad, a tus hermanos los levitas, para dártelos como un regalo. Ellos han sido dedicados al Señor para que sirvan en la Tienda de reunión. 7 Pero solo tú y tus hijos se harán cargo del sacerdocio, es decir, de todo lo referente al altar y a lo que está detrás de la cortina. A ustedes les doy de regalo el sacerdocio, pero cualquier extraño que se acerque a las cosas sagradas será condenado a muerte».
Privilegios de los sacerdotes
8 El Señor dijo a Aarón: «Yo mismo te he puesto a cargo de todas las cosas sagradas que los israelitas me traen como contribución. A ti y a tus hijos se las he entregado como su porción consagrada, como estatuto perpetuo. 9 Te corresponderán las cosas más sagradas que no se queman en el altar. Tuya será toda ofrenda que presenten los israelitas, junto con las ofrendas de cereal, los sacrificios por el perdón de pecados y los sacrificios por la culpa. Todo esto que ellos me traen será algo muy santo para ti y para tus hijos. 10 Comerás de las cosas más sagradas y las considerarás santas. Todo varón comerá de ellas.
11 »También te corresponderán las contribuciones de todas las ofrendas mecidas que me presenten los israelitas. A ti, a tus hijos e hijas que vivan contigo se las he dado, como estatuto perpetuo; y todas las personas que vivan en tu casa que estén ceremonialmente limpias, pueden comerla.
12 »De las primicias que ellos traigan al Señor, te daré también lo mejor del aceite, del vino nuevo y del trigo. 13 Ellos traerán al Señor las primicias de todo lo que la tierra produce y yo te las entregaré a ti. Toda persona de tu familia que esté ritualmente pura podrá comer de ellas.
14 »Todo lo que en Israel haya sido dedicado por completo al Señor será tuyo. 15 Todo primogénito presentado al Señor será tuyo, ya sea de hombre o de animal. Pero rescatarás al primogénito nacido de hombre y al de animales impuros. 16 El rescate tendrá lugar cuando el primogénito tenga un mes de edad. El precio del rescate será de cinco siclos[a] de plata, según el peso oficial del santuario, que son veinte guerás.
17 »Pero no podrás rescatar al primogénito de un toro, de una oveja o de un macho cabrío, pues son santos. Rociarás su sangre en el altar y quemarás su grasa como ofrenda puesta al fuego, cuyo aroma es grato al Señor. 18 Pero la carne será tuya, lo mismo que el pecho de la ofrenda mecida y el muslo derecho. 19 Yo, el Señor, te entrego todas las contribuciones sagradas que los israelitas me presentan. Son tuyas, y de tus hijos e hijas que vivan contigo, como estatuto perpetuo. Este es un pacto perpetuo[b] que hago contigo y con tus descendientes».
Privilegios de los levitas
20 El Señor dijo a Aarón: «Tú no tendrás herencia en el país, tampoco recibirás ninguna porción de tierra, porque yo soy tu porción; yo soy tu herencia entre los israelitas.
21 »A los levitas doy como herencia, y en pago por su servicio en la Tienda de reunión, todos los diezmos de Israel. 22 De ahora en adelante los demás israelitas no se acercarán a la Tienda de reunión, de lo contrario sufrirán las consecuencias de su pecado y morirán. 23 Únicamente los levitas servirán en la Tienda de reunión y cargarán con la culpa de los israelitas. El siguiente es un estatuto perpetuo para todas las generaciones venideras: Los levitas no recibirán herencia entre los israelitas, 24 porque yo les he dado como herencia los diezmos que los israelitas ofrecen al Señor como contribución. Por eso he decidido que no tengan herencia entre los israelitas».
El diezmo de los diezmos
25 El Señor ordenó a Moisés 26 que dijera a los levitas: «Cuando reciban de los israelitas los diezmos que les he dado a ustedes como herencia, presenten al Señor el diezmo de esos diezmos como contribución. 27 Esa contribución será contada como si fuera trigo o vino. 28 Así reservarán para el Señor, como su contribución, el diezmo de todos los diezmos que reciban de los israelitas, y se lo entregarán al sacerdote Aarón. 29 De todos los dones que reciban reservarán para el Señor una contribución. Y le consagrarán lo mejor.
30 »Cuando los levitas hayan presentado la mejor parte, se tomará en cuenta como si fuera vino o grano. 31 Lo que sobre, ustedes y sus familias podrán comerlo donde quieran. Ese será el pago por su ministerio en la Tienda de reunión. 32 Después de presentar el diezmo de los diezmos, ya no será pecado que coman lo que sobre.
»No profanen las ofrendas sagradas de los israelitas, porque de lo contrario morirán».
New American Bible (Revised Edition) (NABRE)
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