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18 And Jehovah said to Aaron, Thou and thy sons and thy father's house with thee shall bear the iniquity of the sanctuary; and thou and thy sons with thee shall bear the iniquity of your priesthood.

And thy brethren also, the tribe of Levi, the tribe of thy father, bring near with thee, that they may unite with thee, and minister unto thee; but thou and thy sons with thee [shall serve] before the tent of the testimony.

And they shall keep thy charge, and the charge of the whole tent: only they shall not come near to the vessels of the sanctuary and to the altar, that they may not die, and you as well as they.

And they shall unite with thee, and keep the charge of the tent of meeting, for all the service of the tent; and no stranger shall come near to you.

And ye shall keep the charge of the sanctuary, and the charge of the altar; that there come no wrath any more upon the children of Israel.

And I, behold, I have taken your brethren, the Levites, from among the children of Israel; to you are they given as a gift for Jehovah to perform the service of the tent of meeting.

But thou and thy sons with thee shall attend to your priesthood for all that concerneth the altar, and for that which is inside the veil; and ye shall perform the service: I give you your priesthood as a service of gift, and the stranger that cometh near shall be put to death.

And Jehovah spoke to Aaron, And I, behold, I have given thee the charge of my heave-offerings, of all the hallowed things of the children of Israel; to thee have I given them, because of the anointing, and to thy sons by an everlasting statute.

This shall be thine of the most holy things, [reserved] from the fire: every offering of theirs, of all their oblations, and of all their sin-offerings, and of all their trespass-offerings, which they render unto me, it is most holy for thee and for thy sons.

10 As most holy shalt thou eat it: every male shall eat it; it shall be holy unto thee.

11 And this shall be thine: the heave-offering of their gift, with all the wave-offerings of the children of Israel; I have given them unto thee, and to thy sons and to thy daughters with thee, by an everlasting statute; every one that is clean in thy house shall eat of it.

12 All the best of the oil, and all the best of the new wine, and of the wheat, the firstfruits of them which they give to Jehovah, have I given thee.

13 The first ripe of everything that is in their land, which they shall bring to Jehovah, shall be thine; every one that is clean in thy house shall eat of it.

14 Every devoted thing in Israel shall be thine.

15 Everything that breaketh open the womb of all flesh, which they present to Jehovah, of men or of beasts, shall be thine; nevertheless the firstborn of man shalt thou in any case ransom, and the firstborn of unclean beasts shalt thou ransom.

16 And those that are to be ransomed from a month old shalt thou ransom, according to thy valuation, for the money of five shekels, after the shekel of the sanctuary, which is twenty gerahs.

17 But the firstborn of a cow, or the firstborn of a sheep, or the firstborn of a goat, thou shalt not ransom: they are holy. Thou shalt sprinkle their blood on the altar, and their fat shalt thou burn as an offering by fire for a sweet odour to Jehovah.

18 And their flesh shall be thine; as the wave-breast and as the right shoulder shall it be thine.

19 All the heave-offerings of the holy things, which the children of Israel offer to Jehovah, have I given thee, and to thy sons and to thy daughters with thee, by an everlasting statute: it shall be an everlasting covenant of salt before Jehovah unto thee and thy seed with thee.

20 And Jehovah said to Aaron, In their land thou shalt have no inheritance, neither shalt thou have any portion among them: I am thy portion and thine inheritance among the children of Israel.

21 And to the children of Levi, behold, I have given all the tithes in Israel for an inheritance, for their service which they perform, the service of the tent of meeting.

22 Neither shall the children of Israel henceforth come near the tent of meeting, to bear sin and die.

23 But the Levite, he shall perform the service of the tent of meeting, and they shall bear their iniquity: it is an everlasting statute throughout your generations. And among the children of Israel shall they possess no inheritance;

24 for I have given for an inheritance to the Levites the tithes of the children of Israel, which they offer as a heave-offering to Jehovah; therefore I have said of them, They shall possess no inheritance among the children of Israel.

25 And Jehovah spoke to Moses, saying,

26 And to the Levites shalt thou speak, and say unto them, When ye take of the children of Israel the tithes which I have given you from them for your inheritance, then ye shall offer a heave-offering from it for Jehovah, the tenth of the tithe.

27 And your heave-offering shall be reckoned unto you, as the corn from the threshing-floor, and as the fulness of the winepress.

28 Thus ye also shall offer Jehovah's heave-offering of all your tithes, which ye take of the children of Israel; and ye shall give thereof Jehovah's heave-offering to Aaron the priest.

29 Out of all that is given you ye shall offer the whole heave-offering of Jehovah,—of all the best thereof the hallowed part thereof.

30 And thou shalt say unto them, When ye heave the best thereof from it, then it shall be counted unto the Levites as produce of the threshing-floor, and as produce of the winepress.

31 And ye shall eat it in every place, ye and your households; for it is your reward for your service in the tent of meeting.

32 And ye shall bear no sin by reason of it, if ye heave from it the best of it; and ye shall not profane the holy things of the children of Israel, lest ye die.

19 And Jehovah spoke to Moses and to Aaron, saying,

This is the statute of the law which Jehovah hath commanded, saying, Speak unto the children of Israel, that they bring thee a red heifer without blemish, wherein is no defect, and upon which never came yoke;

and ye shall give it to Eleazar the priest, and he shall bring it outside the camp, and one shall slaughter it before him.

And Eleazar the priest shall take of its blood with his finger, and shall sprinkle of its blood directly before the tent of meeting seven times.

And one shall burn the heifer before his eyes; its skin and its flesh, and its blood, with its dung, shall he burn.

And the priest shall take cedar-wood, and hyssop, and scarlet, and cast them into the midst of the burning of the heifer.

And the priest shall wash his garments, and he shall bathe his flesh in water, and afterwards he shall come into the camp; and the priest shall be unclean until the even;

and he that hath burned it shall wash his garments in water, and bathe his flesh in water, and shall be unclean until the even.

And a clean man shall gather the ashes of the heifer, and deposit them outside the camp in a clean place, and it shall be kept for the assembly of the children of Israel for a water of separation: it is a purification for sin.

10 And he that hath gathered the ashes of the heifer shall wash his clothes, and be unclean until the even. And it shall be unto the children of Israel, and unto the stranger that sojourneth among them, an everlasting statute.

11 He that toucheth a dead person, any dead body of a man, shall be unclean seven days.

12 He shall purify himself with it on the third day, and on the seventh day he shall be clean; but if he purify not himself the third day, then the seventh day he shall not be clean.

13 Whoever toucheth a dead person, the dead body of a man that is dead, and purifieth not himself, defileth the tabernacle of Jehovah; and that soul shall be cut off from Israel; for the water of separation was not sprinkled upon him: he shall be unclean; his uncleanness is yet upon him.

14 This is the law, when a man dieth in a tent: every one that cometh into the tent, and all that is in the tent, shall be unclean seven days.

15 And every open vessel, which hath no covering bound upon it, shall be unclean.

16 And every one that toucheth one that is slain with a sword in the open fields, or a dead person, or the bone of a man, or a grave, shall be unclean seven days.

17 And they shall take for the unclean of the ashes of the purification-offering that hath been burned, and shall put running water thereon in a vessel;

18 and a clean man shall take hyssop, and dip it in the water, and sprinkle it on the tent, and upon all the utensils, and upon the persons that were there, and upon him that hath touched the bone, or the one slain, or the dead person, or the grave;

19 and the clean shall sprinkle it on the unclean on the third day, and on the seventh day; and he shall purify him on the seventh day; and he shall wash his garments, and bathe himself in water, and shall be clean at even.

20 And the man that is unclean, and doth not purify himself, that soul shall be cut off from the midst of the congregation, for he hath defiled the sanctuary of Jehovah: the water of separation hath not been sprinkled on him: he is unclean.

21 And it shall be an everlasting statute unto them. And he that sprinkleth the water of separation shall wash his garments, and he that toucheth the water of separation shall be unclean until even.

22 And whatever the unclean person toucheth shall be unclean; and the soul that toucheth it shall be unclean until even.

20 And the children of Israel, the whole assembly, came into the wilderness of Zin, in the first month; and the people abode at Kadesh; and Miriam died there, and was buried there.

And there was no water for the assembly, and they gathered themselves together against Moses and against Aaron.

And the people contended with Moses, and spoke, saying, Would that we had died when our brethren died before Jehovah!

And why have ye brought the congregation of Jehovah into this wilderness, that we should die there, we and our beasts?

And why have ye made us to go up out of Egypt, to bring us to this evil place? it is no place of seed, or of figs, or of vines, or of pomegranates, neither is there any water to drink.

And Moses and Aaron went from before the congregation to the entrance of the tent of meeting, and fell upon their faces; and the glory of Jehovah appeared to them.

And Jehovah spoke to Moses, saying,

Take the staff, and gather the assembly together, thou, and Aaron thy brother, and speak ye unto the rock before their eyes, and it shall give its water; and thou shalt bring forth to them water out of the rock, and shalt give the assembly and their beasts drink.

And Moses took the staff from before Jehovah, as he had commanded him.

10 And Moses and Aaron gathered the congregation together before the rock, and he said to them, Hear now, ye rebels: shall we bring forth to you water out of this rock?

11 And Moses lifted up his hand, and with his staff smote the rock twice, and much water came out, and the assembly drank, and their beasts.

12 And Jehovah said to Moses and to Aaron, Because ye believed me not, to hallow me before the eyes of the children of Israel, therefore ye shall not bring this congregation into the land that I have given them.

13 These are the waters of Meribah, where the children of Israel contended with Jehovah, and he hallowed himself in them.

14 And Moses sent messengers from Kadesh to the king of Edom, Thus says thy brother Israel: Thou knowest all the trouble that hath befallen us,

15 how our fathers went down to Egypt, and we dwelt in Egypt a long time, and the Egyptians evil entreated us and our fathers;

16 and when we cried to Jehovah, he heard our voice, and sent an angel, and brought us forth out of Egypt; and behold, we are at Kadesh, a city at the extremity of thy border.

17 Let us pass, I pray thee, through thy country; we will not pass through fields, or through vineyards, neither will we drink water out of the wells: we will go by the king's road; we will not turn to the right hand nor to the left, until we have passed thy border.

18 But Edom said to him, Thou shalt not pass by me, lest I come out against thee with the sword.

19 And the children of Israel said to him, We will go by the high way; and if we drink of thy water, I and my cattle, then I will pay for it: I will only, without anything else, go through on my feet.

20 And he said, Thou shalt not go through. And Edom came out against him with much people, and with a strong hand.

21 Thus Edom refused to give Israel passage through his territory; and Israel turned away from him.

22 And they removed from Kadesh; and the children of Israel, the whole assembly, came to mount Hor.

23 And Jehovah spoke to Moses and to Aaron in mount Hor, on the border of the land of Edom, saying,

24 Aaron shall be gathered unto his peoples; for he shall not enter into the land that I have given unto the children of Israel, because ye rebelled against my commandment at the waters of Meribah.

25 Take Aaron and Eleazar his son, and bring them up unto mount Hor,

26 and strip Aaron of his garments, and put them upon Eleazar his son; and Aaron shall be gathered [to his peoples], and shall die there.

27 And Moses did as Jehovah had commanded, and they went up mount Hor before the eyes of the whole assembly.

28 And Moses stripped Aaron of his garments, and put them upon Eleazar his son; and Aaron died there upon the top of the mountain; and Moses and Eleazar came down from the mountain.

29 And the whole assembly saw that Aaron was dead, and they mourned for Aaron thirty days, [even] the whole house of Israel.

Duties of Priests and Levites

18 The Lord said to Aaron, “You, your sons and your family are to bear the responsibility for offenses connected with the sanctuary,(A) and you and your sons alone are to bear the responsibility for offenses connected with the priesthood. Bring your fellow Levites from your ancestral tribe to join you and assist you when you and your sons minister(B) before the tent of the covenant law. They are to be responsible to you(C) and are to perform all the duties of the tent,(D) but they must not go near the furnishings of the sanctuary or the altar. Otherwise both they and you will die.(E) They are to join you and be responsible for the care of the tent of meeting—all the work at the tent—and no one else may come near where you are.(F)

“You are to be responsible for the care of the sanctuary and the altar,(G) so that my wrath will not fall on the Israelites again. I myself have selected your fellow Levites from among the Israelites as a gift to you,(H) dedicated to the Lord to do the work at the tent of meeting.(I) But only you and your sons may serve as priests in connection with everything at the altar and inside the curtain.(J) I am giving you the service of the priesthood as a gift.(K) Anyone else who comes near the sanctuary is to be put to death.(L)

Offerings for Priests and Levites

Then the Lord said to Aaron, “I myself have put you in charge of the offerings presented to me; all the holy offerings the Israelites give me I give to you and your sons as your portion,(M) your perpetual share.(N) You are to have the part of the most holy offerings(O) that is kept from the fire. From all the gifts they bring me as most holy offerings, whether grain(P) or sin[a](Q) or guilt offerings,(R) that part belongs to you and your sons. 10 Eat it as something most holy; every male shall eat it.(S) You must regard it as holy.(T)

11 “This also is yours: whatever is set aside from the gifts of all the wave offerings(U) of the Israelites. I give this to you and your sons and daughters as your perpetual share.(V) Everyone in your household who is ceremonially clean(W) may eat it.

12 “I give you all the finest olive oil and all the finest new wine and grain(X) they give the Lord(Y) as the firstfruits of their harvest.(Z) 13 All the land’s firstfruits that they bring to the Lord will be yours.(AA) Everyone in your household who is ceremonially clean may eat it.(AB)

14 “Everything in Israel that is devoted[b] to the Lord(AC) is yours. 15 The first offspring of every womb, both human and animal, that is offered to the Lord is yours.(AD) But you must redeem(AE) every firstborn(AF) son and every firstborn male of unclean animals.(AG) 16 When they are a month old,(AH) you must redeem them at the redemption price set at five shekels[c](AI) of silver, according to the sanctuary shekel,(AJ) which weighs twenty gerahs.(AK)

17 “But you must not redeem the firstborn of a cow, a sheep or a goat; they are holy.(AL) Splash their blood(AM) against the altar and burn their fat(AN) as a food offering, an aroma pleasing to the Lord.(AO) 18 Their meat is to be yours, just as the breast of the wave offering(AP) and the right thigh are yours.(AQ) 19 Whatever is set aside from the holy(AR) offerings the Israelites present to the Lord I give to you and your sons and daughters as your perpetual share. It is an everlasting covenant of salt(AS) before the Lord for both you and your offspring.”

20 The Lord said to Aaron, “You will have no inheritance in their land, nor will you have any share among them;(AT) I am your share and your inheritance(AU) among the Israelites.

21 “I give to the Levites all the tithes(AV) in Israel as their inheritance(AW) in return for the work they do while serving at the tent of meeting.(AX) 22 From now on the Israelites must not go near the tent of meeting, or they will bear the consequences of their sin and will die.(AY) 23 It is the Levites who are to do the work at the tent of meeting and bear the responsibility for any offenses they commit against it. This is a lasting ordinance(AZ) for the generations to come.(BA) They will receive no inheritance(BB) among the Israelites.(BC) 24 Instead, I give to the Levites as their inheritance the tithes that the Israelites present as an offering to the Lord.(BD) That is why I said concerning them: ‘They will have no inheritance among the Israelites.’”

25 The Lord said to Moses, 26 “Speak to the Levites and say to them: ‘When you receive from the Israelites the tithe I give you(BE) as your inheritance, you must present a tenth of that tithe as the Lord’s offering.(BF) 27 Your offering will be reckoned(BG) to you as grain from the threshing floor(BH) or juice from the winepress.(BI) 28 In this way you also will present an offering to the Lord from all the tithes(BJ) you receive from the Israelites. From these tithes you must give the Lord’s portion to Aaron the priest. 29 You must present as the Lord’s portion the best and holiest part of everything given to you.’

30 “Say to the Levites: ‘When you present the best part, it will be reckoned to you as the product of the threshing floor or the winepress.(BK) 31 You and your households may eat the rest of it anywhere, for it is your wages for your work at the tent of meeting.(BL) 32 By presenting the best part(BM) of it you will not be guilty in this matter;(BN) then you will not defile the holy offerings(BO) of the Israelites, and you will not die.’”

The Water of Cleansing

19 The Lord said to Moses and Aaron: “This is a requirement of the law that the Lord has commanded: Tell the Israelites to bring you a red heifer(BP) without defect or blemish(BQ) and that has never been under a yoke.(BR) Give it to Eleazar(BS) the priest; it is to be taken outside the camp(BT) and slaughtered in his presence. Then Eleazar the priest is to take some of its blood on his finger and sprinkle(BU) it seven times toward the front of the tent of meeting. While he watches, the heifer is to be burned—its hide, flesh, blood and intestines.(BV) The priest is to take some cedar wood, hyssop(BW) and scarlet wool(BX) and throw them onto the burning heifer. After that, the priest must wash his clothes and bathe himself with water.(BY) He may then come into the camp, but he will be ceremonially unclean till evening. The man who burns it must also wash his clothes and bathe with water, and he too will be unclean till evening.

“A man who is clean shall gather up the ashes of the heifer(BZ) and put them in a ceremonially clean place(CA) outside the camp. They are to be kept by the Israelite community for use in the water of cleansing;(CB) it is for purification from sin.(CC) 10 The man who gathers up(CD) the ashes of the heifer must also wash his clothes, and he too will be unclean till evening.(CE) This will be a lasting ordinance(CF) both for the Israelites and for the foreigners residing among them.(CG)

11 “Whoever touches a human corpse(CH) will be unclean for seven days.(CI) 12 They must purify themselves with the water on the third day and on the seventh day;(CJ) then they will be clean. But if they do not purify themselves on the third and seventh days, they will not be clean.(CK) 13 If they fail to purify themselves after touching a human corpse,(CL) they defile the Lord’s tabernacle.(CM) They must be cut off from Israel.(CN) Because the water of cleansing has not been sprinkled on them, they are unclean;(CO) their uncleanness remains on them.

14 “This is the law that applies when a person dies in a tent: Anyone who enters the tent and anyone who is in it will be unclean for seven days, 15 and every open container(CP) without a lid fastened on it will be unclean.

16 “Anyone out in the open who touches someone who has been killed with a sword or someone who has died a natural death,(CQ) or anyone who touches a human bone(CR) or a grave,(CS) will be unclean for seven days.(CT)

17 “For the unclean person, put some ashes(CU) from the burned purification offering into a jar and pour fresh water(CV) over them. 18 Then a man who is ceremonially clean is to take some hyssop,(CW) dip it in the water and sprinkle(CX) the tent and all the furnishings and the people who were there. He must also sprinkle anyone who has touched a human bone or a grave(CY) or anyone who has been killed or anyone who has died a natural death. 19 The man who is clean is to sprinkle(CZ) those who are unclean on the third and seventh days, and on the seventh day he is to purify them.(DA) Those who are being cleansed must wash their clothes(DB) and bathe with water, and that evening they will be clean. 20 But if those who are unclean do not purify themselves, they must be cut off from the community, because they have defiled(DC) the sanctuary of the Lord.(DD) The water of cleansing has not been sprinkled on them, and they are unclean.(DE) 21 This is a lasting ordinance(DF) for them.

“The man who sprinkles the water of cleansing must also wash his clothes, and anyone who touches the water of cleansing will be unclean till evening. 22 Anything that an unclean(DG) person touches becomes unclean, and anyone who touches it becomes unclean till evening.”

Water From the Rock

20 In the first month the whole Israelite community arrived at the Desert of Zin,(DH) and they stayed at Kadesh.(DI) There Miriam(DJ) died and was buried.

Now there was no water(DK) for the community,(DL) and the people gathered in opposition(DM) to Moses and Aaron. They quarreled(DN) with Moses and said, “If only we had died when our brothers fell dead(DO) before the Lord!(DP) Why did you bring the Lord’s community into this wilderness,(DQ) that we and our livestock should die here?(DR) Why did you bring us up out of Egypt to this terrible place? It has no grain or figs, grapevines or pomegranates.(DS) And there is no water to drink!(DT)

Moses and Aaron went from the assembly to the entrance to the tent of meeting(DU) and fell facedown,(DV) and the glory of the Lord(DW) appeared to them. The Lord said to Moses, “Take the staff,(DX) and you and your brother Aaron gather the assembly together. Speak to that rock before their eyes and it will pour out its water.(DY) You will bring water out of the rock for the community so they and their livestock can drink.”

So Moses took the staff(DZ) from the Lord’s presence,(EA) just as he commanded him. 10 He and Aaron gathered the assembly together(EB) in front of the rock and Moses said to them, “Listen, you rebels, must we bring you water out of this rock?”(EC) 11 Then Moses raised his arm and struck the rock twice with his staff. Water(ED) gushed out, and the community and their livestock drank.

12 But the Lord said to Moses and Aaron, “Because you did not trust in me enough to honor me as holy(EE) in the sight of the Israelites, you will not bring this community into the land I give them.”(EF)

13 These were the waters of Meribah,[d](EG) where the Israelites quarreled(EH) with the Lord and where he was proved holy among them.(EI)

Edom Denies Israel Passage

14 Moses sent messengers from Kadesh(EJ) to the king of Edom,(EK) saying:

“This is what your brother Israel says: You know(EL) about all the hardships(EM) that have come on us. 15 Our ancestors went down into Egypt,(EN) and we lived there many years.(EO) The Egyptians mistreated(EP) us and our ancestors, 16 but when we cried out to the Lord, he heard our cry(EQ) and sent an angel(ER) and brought us out of Egypt.(ES)

“Now we are here at Kadesh, a town on the edge of your territory.(ET) 17 Please let us pass through your country. We will not go through any field or vineyard, or drink water from any well. We will travel along the King’s Highway and not turn to the right or to the left until we have passed through your territory.(EU)

18 But Edom(EV) answered:

“You may not pass through here; if you try, we will march out and attack you with the sword.(EW)

19 The Israelites replied:

“We will go along the main road, and if we or our livestock(EX) drink any of your water, we will pay for it.(EY) We only want to pass through on foot—nothing else.”

20 Again they answered:

“You may not pass through.(EZ)

Then Edom(FA) came out against them with a large and powerful army. 21 Since Edom refused to let them go through their territory,(FB) Israel turned away from them.(FC)

The Death of Aaron

22 The whole Israelite community set out from Kadesh(FD) and came to Mount Hor.(FE) 23 At Mount Hor, near the border of Edom,(FF) the Lord said to Moses and Aaron, 24 “Aaron will be gathered to his people.(FG) He will not enter the land I give the Israelites, because both of you rebelled against my command(FH) at the waters of Meribah.(FI) 25 Get Aaron and his son Eleazar and take them up Mount Hor.(FJ) 26 Remove Aaron’s garments(FK) and put them on his son Eleazar, for Aaron will be gathered to his people;(FL) he will die there.”

27 Moses did as the Lord commanded: They went up Mount Hor(FM) in the sight of the whole community. 28 Moses removed Aaron’s garments and put them on his son Eleazar.(FN) And Aaron died there(FO) on top of the mountain. Then Moses and Eleazar came down from the mountain, 29 and when the whole community learned that Aaron had died,(FP) all the Israelites mourned for him(FQ) thirty days.

Footnotes

  1. Numbers 18:9 Or purification
  2. Numbers 18:14 The Hebrew term refers to the irrevocable giving over of things or persons to the Lord.
  3. Numbers 18:16 That is, about 2 ounces or about 58 grams
  4. Numbers 20:13 Meribah means quarreling.