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11 They must offer the Passover sacrifice one month later, at twilight on the fourteenth day of the second month.[a] They must eat the Passover lamb at that time with bitter salad greens and bread made without yeast.

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Footnotes

  1. 9:11 This day in the ancient Hebrew lunar calendar occurred in late April, May, or early June.

11 but they are to do it on the fourteenth day of the second month(A) at twilight. They are to eat the lamb, together with unleavened bread and bitter herbs.(B)

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The king, his officials, and all the community of Jerusalem decided to celebrate Passover a month later than usual.[a] They were unable to celebrate it at the prescribed time because not enough priests could be purified by then, and the people had not yet assembled at Jerusalem.

This plan for keeping the Passover seemed right to the king and all the people. So they sent a proclamation throughout all Israel, from Beersheba in the south to Dan in the north, inviting everyone to come to Jerusalem to celebrate the Passover of the Lord, the God of Israel. The people had not been celebrating it in great numbers as required in the Law.

At the king’s command, runners were sent throughout Israel and Judah. They carried letters that said:

“O people of Israel, return to the Lord, the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Israel,[b] so that he will return to the few of us who have survived the conquest of the Assyrian kings. Do not be like your ancestors and relatives who abandoned the Lord, the God of their ancestors, and became an object of derision, as you yourselves can see. Do not be stubborn, as they were, but submit yourselves to the Lord. Come to his Temple, which he has set apart as holy forever. Worship the Lord your God so that his fierce anger will turn away from you.

“For if you return to the Lord, your relatives and your children will be treated mercifully by their captors, and they will be able to return to this land. For the Lord your God is gracious and merciful. If you return to him, he will not continue to turn his face from you.”

Celebration of Passover

10 The runners went from town to town throughout Ephraim and Manasseh and as far as the territory of Zebulun. But most of the people just laughed at the runners and made fun of them. 11 However, some people from Asher, Manasseh, and Zebulun humbled themselves and went to Jerusalem.

12 At the same time, God’s hand was on the people in the land of Judah, giving them all one heart to obey the orders of the king and his officials, who were following the word of the Lord. 13 So a huge crowd assembled at Jerusalem in midspring[c] to celebrate the Festival of Unleavened Bread. 14 They set to work and removed the pagan altars from Jerusalem. They took away all the incense altars and threw them into the Kidron Valley.

15 On the fourteenth day of the second month, one month later than usual,[d] the people slaughtered the Passover lamb. This shamed the priests and Levites, so they purified themselves and brought burnt offerings to the Temple of the Lord.

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Footnotes

  1. 30:2 Hebrew in the second month. Passover was normally observed in the first month (of the ancient Hebrew lunar calendar).
  2. 30:6 Israel is the name that God gave to Jacob.
  3. 30:13 Hebrew in the second month. The second month of the ancient Hebrew lunar calendar usually occurs within the months of April and May.
  4. 30:15 Hebrew On the fourteenth day of the second month. Passover normally began on the fourteenth day of the first month (see Lev 23:5).

The king and his officials and the whole assembly in Jerusalem decided to celebrate(A) the Passover in the second month. They had not been able to celebrate it at the regular time because not enough priests had consecrated(B) themselves and the people had not assembled in Jerusalem. The plan seemed right both to the king and to the whole assembly. They decided to send a proclamation throughout Israel, from Beersheba to Dan,(C) calling the people to come to Jerusalem and celebrate the Passover to the Lord, the God of Israel. It had not been celebrated in large numbers according to what was written.

At the king’s command, couriers went throughout Israel and Judah with letters from the king and from his officials, which read:

“People of Israel, return to the Lord, the God of Abraham, Isaac and Israel, that he may return to you who are left, who have escaped from the hand of the kings of Assyria. Do not be like your parents(D) and your fellow Israelites, who were unfaithful(E) to the Lord, the God of their ancestors, so that he made them an object of horror,(F) as you see. Do not be stiff-necked,(G) as your ancestors were; submit to the Lord. Come to his sanctuary, which he has consecrated forever. Serve the Lord your God, so that his fierce anger(H) will turn away from you. If you return(I) to the Lord, then your fellow Israelites and your children will be shown compassion(J) by their captors and will return to this land, for the Lord your God is gracious and compassionate.(K) He will not turn his face from you if you return to him.”

10 The couriers went from town to town in Ephraim and Manasseh, as far as Zebulun, but people scorned and ridiculed(L) them. 11 Nevertheless, some from Asher, Manasseh and Zebulun humbled(M) themselves and went to Jerusalem.(N) 12 Also in Judah the hand of God was on the people to give them unity(O) of mind to carry out what the king and his officials had ordered, following the word of the Lord.

13 A very large crowd of people assembled in Jerusalem to celebrate the Festival of Unleavened Bread(P) in the second month. 14 They removed the altars(Q) in Jerusalem and cleared away the incense altars and threw them into the Kidron Valley.(R)

15 They slaughtered the Passover lamb on the fourteenth day of the second month. The priests and the Levites were ashamed and consecrated(S) themselves and brought burnt offerings to the temple of the Lord.

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36 These things happened in fulfillment of the Scriptures that say, “Not one of his bones will be broken,”[a]

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36 These things happened so that the scripture would be fulfilled:(A) “Not one of his bones will be broken,”[a](B)

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Footnotes

  1. John 19:36 Exodus 12:46; Num. 9:12; Psalm 34:20

Eat it with bread made without yeast. For seven days the bread you eat must be made without yeast, as when you escaped from Egypt in such a hurry. Eat this bread—the bread of suffering—so that as long as you live you will remember the day you departed from Egypt.

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Do not eat it with bread made with yeast, but for seven days eat unleavened bread, the bread of affliction,(A) because you left Egypt in haste(B)—so that all the days of your life you may remember the time of your departure from Egypt.(C)

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at twilight on the fourteenth day of the first month.[a] Be sure to follow all my decrees and regulations concerning this celebration.”

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Footnotes

  1. 9:3 This day in the ancient Hebrew lunar calendar occurred in late March, April, or early May.

Celebrate it at the appointed time, at twilight on the fourteenth day of this month,(A) in accordance with all its rules and regulations.(B)

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Instructions for the Passover

43 Then the Lord said to Moses and Aaron, “These are the instructions for the festival of Passover. No outsiders are allowed to eat the Passover meal. 44 But any slave who has been purchased may eat it if he has been circumcised. 45 Temporary residents and hired servants may not eat it. 46 Each Passover lamb must be eaten in one house. Do not carry any of its meat outside, and do not break any of its bones. 47 The whole community of Israel must celebrate this Passover festival.

48 “If there are foreigners living among you who want to celebrate the Lord’s Passover, let all their males be circumcised. Only then may they celebrate the Passover with you like any native-born Israelite. But no uncircumcised male may ever eat the Passover meal. 49 This instruction applies to everyone, whether a native-born Israelite or a foreigner living among you.”

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Passover Restrictions

43 The Lord said to Moses and Aaron, “These are the regulations for the Passover meal:(A)

“No foreigner(B) may eat it. 44 Any slave you have bought may eat it after you have circumcised(C) him, 45 but a temporary resident or a hired worker(D) may not eat it.

46 “It must be eaten inside the house; take none of the meat outside the house. Do not break any of the bones.(E) 47 The whole community of Israel must celebrate it.

48 “A foreigner residing among you who wants to celebrate the Lord’s Passover must have all the males in his household circumcised; then he may take part like one born in the land.(F) No uncircumcised(G) male may eat it. 49 The same law applies both to the native-born and to the foreigner(H) residing among you.”

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“From now on, this month will be the first month of the year for you. Announce to the whole community of Israel that on the tenth day of this month each family must choose a lamb or a young goat for a sacrifice, one animal for each household. If a family is too small to eat a whole animal, let them share with another family in the neighborhood. Divide the animal according to the size of each family and how much they can eat. The animal you select must be a one-year-old male, either a sheep or a goat, with no defects.

“Take special care of this chosen animal until the evening of the fourteenth day of this first month. Then the whole assembly of the community of Israel must slaughter their lamb or young goat at twilight. They are to take some of the blood and smear it on the sides and top of the doorframes of the houses where they eat the animal. That same night they must roast the meat over a fire and eat it along with bitter salad greens and bread made without yeast. Do not eat any of the meat raw or boiled in water. The whole animal—including the head, legs, and internal organs—must be roasted over a fire. 10 Do not leave any of it until the next morning. Burn whatever is not eaten before morning.

11 “These are your instructions for eating this meal: Be fully dressed,[a] wear your sandals, and carry your walking stick in your hand. Eat the meal with urgency, for this is the Lord’s Passover. 12 On that night I will pass through the land of Egypt and strike down every firstborn son and firstborn male animal in the land of Egypt. I will execute judgment against all the gods of Egypt, for I am the Lord! 13 But the blood on your doorposts will serve as a sign, marking the houses where you are staying. When I see the blood, I will pass over you. This plague of death will not touch you when I strike the land of Egypt.

14 “This is a day to remember. Each year, from generation to generation, you must celebrate it as a special festival to the Lord. This is a law for all time.

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Footnotes

  1. 12:11 Hebrew Bind up your loins.

“This month is to be for you the first month,(A) the first month of your year. Tell the whole community of Israel that on the tenth day of this month each man is to take a lamb[a](B) for his family, one for each household.(C) If any household is too small for a whole lamb, they must share one with their nearest neighbor, having taken into account the number of people there are. You are to determine the amount of lamb needed in accordance with what each person will eat. The animals you choose must be year-old males without defect,(D) and you may take them from the sheep or the goats. Take care of them until the fourteenth day of the month,(E) when all the members of the community of Israel must slaughter them at twilight.(F) Then they are to take some of the blood(G) and put it on the sides and tops of the doorframes of the houses where they eat the lambs. That same night(H) they are to eat the meat roasted(I) over the fire, along with bitter herbs,(J) and bread made without yeast.(K) Do not eat the meat raw or boiled in water, but roast it over a fire—with the head, legs and internal organs.(L) 10 Do not leave any of it till morning;(M) if some is left till morning, you must burn it. 11 This is how you are to eat it: with your cloak tucked into your belt, your sandals on your feet and your staff in your hand. Eat it in haste;(N) it is the Lord’s Passover.(O)

12 “On that same night I will pass through(P) Egypt and strike down(Q) every firstborn(R) of both people and animals, and I will bring judgment on all the gods(S) of Egypt. I am the Lord.(T) 13 The blood will be a sign for you on the houses where you are, and when I see the blood, I will pass over(U) you. No destructive plague will touch you when I strike Egypt.(V)

14 “This is a day you are to commemorate;(W) for the generations to come you shall celebrate it as a festival to the Lord—a lasting ordinance.(X)

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Footnotes

  1. Exodus 12:3 The Hebrew word can mean lamb or kid; also in verse 4.