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Neemias ajuda os necessitados

Os pobres e as suas mulheres protestaram contra os seus irmãos judeus. Alguns diziam:

—Temos muitos filhos e precisamos de trigo para comer e não morrer de fome.

Outros diziam:

—Estamos passando fome e temos que hipotecar nossos campos, nossas vinhas e as nossas casas para conseguir grãos e ter alguma coisa que comer.

E outros diziam:

—Tivemos que hipotecar as nossas terras e nossas vinhas para pagar o imposto ao rei. Somos da mesma nação que os nobres e nossos filhos são iguais aos seus filhos, mas nós não podemos evitar vendê-los como escravos. Algumas das nossas filhas já são as suas escravas e não podemos fazer nada porque as nossas terras e vinhas pertencem a outros.

Eu me irritei muito ao ouvir o protesto e as suas queixas. Depois de pensar bem, repreendi desta maneira os nobres e os oficiais:

—Todos vocês estão obrigando ao seu próprio povo a pagar juros sobre o dinheiro que lhes emprestaram. Isso não pode continuar.

Portanto os convoquei uma grande reunião onde lhes disse:

—Temos feito tudo o possível por comprar todos os irmãos judeus que tinham sido vendidos como escravos a outras nações. Nós os compramos para lhes dar a sua liberdade mas agora vocês os estão vendendo novamente como escravos.

Eles ficaram em silêncio e não sabiam o que dizer.

Então disse:

—Isso não está bem, todos devem mostrar com a sua forma de vida que respeitam o nosso Deus. Assim evitaremos que os nossos inimigos zombem de nós. 10 Eu mesmo, os meus ajudantes e os meus parentes temos emprestado dinheiro e comida ao povo, mas o fizemos sem cobrar juros. 11 Portanto lhes peço que devolvam a eles hoje as suas terras, as suas vinhas, os seus campos de oliveira, as suas casas e os juros que cobraram deles a cada mês pela comida e o dinheiro que lhes emprestaram.

12 Então eles disseram:

—Está bem, faremos o que você disse e lhes devolveremos tudo sem murmurar nada.

Portanto chamei os sacerdotes para que os nobres e os oficiais jurassem diante deles que fariam o prometido. 13 Também sacudi a minha roupa e disse:

—Que Deus faça a mesma coisa com quem não cumprir este compromisso, que o sacuda e perca tudo o que tem.

Então todos os ali reunidos concordaram e disseram:

—Assim seja.

E louvaram o SENHOR. Todos cumpriram a sua promessa.

14 Desde o ano vinte do rei Artaxerxes até o ano trinta e dois[a] fui governador de Judá. Durante esses doze anos, nem eu nem os meus irmãos cobramos o salário que era assignado ao governador. 15 Os governadores anteriores foram muito exigentes com as pessoas e obrigavam a todos a pagar quarenta moedas[b] de prata e a dar vinho e comida. Até os seus ministros oprimiam o povo, mas eu não fiz a mesma coisa que eles porque respeitava a Deus. 16 Mas, sim trabalhei duro, junto com todos os meus ministros, na reconstrução do muro de Jerusalém e não tirei de ninguém a sua terra.

17 Normalmente na minha mesa eram bem-vindos cento e cinquenta ministros judeus junto com os que tinham vindo desde as nações vizinhas. 18 Todos os dias eu mandava preparar para os que se sentavam à minha mesa um boi, seis boas ovelhas e algumas aves. Cada dez dias era servido vinho em grande quantidade; mesmo assim, nunca pedi o salário que foi atribuído ao governador porque sabia que o trabalho que o povo devia fazer para pagar os impostos era muito duro. 19 Lembre-se de mim, meu Deus, e de tudo o que fiz por este povo.

Footnotes

  1. 5.14 o ano vinte (…) trinta e dois Do ano 444 ao ano 432 a.C.
  2. 5.15 quarenta moedas Literalmente, “quarenta siclos”. Ver tabela de pesos e medidas.

ENTONCES fué grande el clamor del pueblo y de sus mujeres contra los Judíos sus hermanos.

Y había quien decía: Nosotros, nuestros hijos y nuestras hijas, somos muchos: hemos por tanto tomado grano para comer y vivir.

Y había quienes decían: Hemos empeñado nuestras tierras, y nuestras viñas, y nuestras casas, para comprar grano en el hambre.

Y había quienes decían: Hemos tomado prestado dinero para el tributo del rey, sobre nuestras tierras y viñas.

Ahora bien, nuestra carne es como la carne de nuestros hermanos, nuestros hijos como sus hijos; y he aquí que nosotros sujetamos nuestros hijos y nuestras hijas á servidumbre, y hay algunas de nuestras hijas sujetas: mas no hay facultad en nuestras manos para rescatarlas, porque nuestras tierras y nuestras viñas son de otros.

Y enojéme en gran manera cuando oí su clamor y estas palabras.

Medité lo entonces para conmigo, y reprendí á los principales y á los magistrados, y díjeles: ¿Tomáiscada uno usura de vuestros hermanos? Y convoqué contra ellos una grande junta.

Y díjeles: Nosotros rescatamos á nuestros hermanos Judíos que habían sido vendidos á las gentes, conforme á la facultad que había en nosotros: ¿y vosotros aun vendéis á vuestros hermanos, y serán vendidos á nosotros? Y callaron, que no tuvieron qué responder.

Y dije: No es bien lo que hacéis, ¿no andaréis en temor de nuestro Dios, por no ser el oprobio de las gentes enemigas nuestras?

10 También yo, y mis hermanos, y mis criados, les hemos prestado dinero y grano: relevémosles ahora de este gravamen.

11 Ruégoos que les devolváis hoy sus tierras, sus viñas, sus olivares, y sus casas, y la centésima parte del dinero y grano, del vino y del aceite que demandáis de ellos.

12 Y dijeron: Devolveremos, y nada les demandaremos; haremos así como tú dices. Entonces convoqué los sacerdotes, y juramentélos que harían conforme á esto.

13 Además sacudí mi vestido, y dije: Así sacuda Dios de su casa y de su trabajo á todo hombre que no cumpliere esto, y así sea sacudido y vacío. Y respondió toda la congregación: ­Amén! Y alabaron á Jehová. Y el pueblo hizo conforme á esto.

14 También desde el día que me mandó el rey que fuese gobernador de ellos en la tierra de Judá, desde el año veinte del rey Artajerjes hasta el año treinta y dos, doce años, ni yo ni mis hermanos comimos el pan del gobernador.

15 Mas los primeros gobernadores que fueron antes de mí, cargaron al pueblo, y tomaron de ellos por el pan y por el vino sobre cuarenta siclos de plata: á más de esto, sus criados se enseñoreaban sobre el pueblo; pero yo no hice así, á causa del temor de Dios.

16 También en la obra de este muro instauré mi parte, y no compramos heredad: y todos mis criados juntos estaban allí á la obra.

17 Además ciento y cincuenta hombres de los Judíos y magistrados, y los que venían á nosotros de las gentes que están en nuestros contornos, estaban á mi mesa.

18 Y lo que se aderezaba para cada día era un buey, seis ovejas escogidas, y aves también se aparejaban para mí, y cada diez días vino en toda abundancia: y con todo esto nunca requerí el pan del gobernador, porque la servidumbre de este pueblo era grave.

19 Acuérdate de mí para bien, Dios mío, y de todo lo que hice á este pueblo.

Nehemiah Helps the Poor

Now the men and their wives raised a great outcry against their fellow Jews. Some were saying, “We and our sons and daughters are numerous; in order for us to eat and stay alive, we must get grain.”

Others were saying, “We are mortgaging our fields,(A) our vineyards and our homes to get grain during the famine.”(B)

Still others were saying, “We have had to borrow money to pay the king’s tax(C) on our fields and vineyards. Although we are of the same flesh and blood(D) as our fellow Jews and though our children are as good as theirs, yet we have to subject our sons and daughters to slavery.(E) Some of our daughters have already been enslaved, but we are powerless, because our fields and our vineyards belong to others.”(F)

When I heard their outcry and these charges, I was very angry. I pondered them in my mind and then accused the nobles and officials. I told them, “You are charging your own people interest!”(G) So I called together a large meeting to deal with them and said: “As far as possible, we have bought(H) back our fellow Jews who were sold to the Gentiles. Now you are selling your own people, only for them to be sold back to us!” They kept quiet, because they could find nothing to say.(I)

So I continued, “What you are doing is not right. Shouldn’t you walk in the fear of our God to avoid the reproach(J) of our Gentile enemies? 10 I and my brothers and my men are also lending the people money and grain. But let us stop charging interest!(K) 11 Give back to them immediately their fields, vineyards, olive groves and houses, and also the interest(L) you are charging them—one percent of the money, grain, new wine and olive oil.”

12 “We will give it back,” they said. “And we will not demand anything more from them. We will do as you say.”

Then I summoned the priests and made the nobles and officials take an oath(M) to do what they had promised. 13 I also shook(N) out the folds of my robe and said, “In this way may God shake out of their house and possessions anyone who does not keep this promise. So may such a person be shaken out and emptied!”

At this the whole assembly said, “Amen,”(O) and praised the Lord. And the people did as they had promised.

14 Moreover, from the twentieth year of King Artaxerxes,(P) when I was appointed to be their governor(Q) in the land of Judah, until his thirty-second year—twelve years—neither I nor my brothers ate the food allotted to the governor. 15 But the earlier governors—those preceding me—placed a heavy burden on the people and took forty shekels[a] of silver from them in addition to food and wine. Their assistants also lorded it over the people. But out of reverence for God(R) I did not act like that. 16 Instead,(S) I devoted myself to the work on this wall. All my men were assembled there for the work; we[b] did not acquire any land.

17 Furthermore, a hundred and fifty Jews and officials ate at my table, as well as those who came to us from the surrounding nations. 18 Each day one ox, six choice sheep and some poultry(T) were prepared for me, and every ten days an abundant supply of wine of all kinds. In spite of all this, I never demanded the food allotted to the governor, because the demands were heavy on these people.

19 Remember(U) me with favor, my God, for all I have done for these people.

Footnotes

  1. Nehemiah 5:15 That is, about 1 pound or about 460 grams
  2. Nehemiah 5:16 Most Hebrew manuscripts; some Hebrew manuscripts, Septuagint, Vulgate and Syriac I

And there was a great cry of the people and of their wives against their brethren the Jews.

For there were that said, We, our sons, and our daughters, are many: therefore we take up corn for them, that we may eat, and live.

Some also there were that said, We have mortgaged our lands, vineyards, and houses, that we might buy corn, because of the dearth.

There were also that said, We have borrowed money for the king's tribute, and that upon our lands and vineyards.

Yet now our flesh is as the flesh of our brethren, our children as their children: and, lo, we bring into bondage our sons and our daughters to be servants, and some of our daughters are brought unto bondage already: neither is it in our power to redeem them; for other men have our lands and vineyards.

And I was very angry when I heard their cry and these words.

Then I consulted with myself, and I rebuked the nobles, and the rulers, and said unto them, Ye exact usury, every one of his brother. And I set a great assembly against them.

And I said unto them, We after our ability have redeemed our brethren the Jews, which were sold unto the heathen; and will ye even sell your brethren? or shall they be sold unto us? Then held they their peace, and found nothing to answer.

Also I said, It is not good that ye do: ought ye not to walk in the fear of our God because of the reproach of the heathen our enemies?

10 I likewise, and my brethren, and my servants, might exact of them money and corn: I pray you, let us leave off this usury.

11 Restore, I pray you, to them, even this day, their lands, their vineyards, their oliveyards, and their houses, also the hundredth part of the money, and of the corn, the wine, and the oil, that ye exact of them.

12 Then said they, We will restore them, and will require nothing of them; so will we do as thou sayest. Then I called the priests, and took an oath of them, that they should do according to this promise.

13 Also I shook my lap, and said, So God shake out every man from his house, and from his labour, that performeth not this promise, even thus be he shaken out, and emptied. And all the congregation said, Amen, and praised the Lord. And the people did according to this promise.

14 Moreover from the time that I was appointed to be their governor in the land of Judah, from the twentieth year even unto the two and thirtieth year of Artaxerxes the king, that is, twelve years, I and my brethren have not eaten the bread of the governor.

15 But the former governors that had been before me were chargeable unto the people, and had taken of them bread and wine, beside forty shekels of silver; yea, even their servants bare rule over the people: but so did not I, because of the fear of God.

16 Yea, also I continued in the work of this wall, neither bought we any land: and all my servants were gathered thither unto the work.

17 Moreover there were at my table an hundred and fifty of the Jews and rulers, beside those that came unto us from among the heathen that are about us.

18 Now that which was prepared for me daily was one ox and six choice sheep; also fowls were prepared for me, and once in ten days store of all sorts of wine: yet for all this required not I the bread of the governor, because the bondage was heavy upon this people.

19 Think upon me, my God, for good, according to all that I have done for this people.

Nehemiah Deals with Oppression

And there was a great (A)outcry of the people and their wives against their (B)Jewish brethren. For there were those who said, “We, our sons, and our daughters are many; therefore let us get grain, that we may eat and live.”

There were also some who said, “We have mortgaged our lands and vineyards and houses, that we might buy grain because of the famine.”

There were also those who said, “We have borrowed money for the king’s tax on our lands and vineyards. Yet now (C)our flesh is as the flesh of our brethren, our children as their children; and indeed we (D)are forcing our sons and our daughters to be slaves, and some of our daughters have been brought into slavery. It is not in our power to redeem them, for other men have our lands and vineyards.”

And I became very angry when I heard their outcry and these words. After serious thought, I rebuked the nobles and rulers, and said to them, (E)“Each of you is [a]exacting usury from his brother.” So I [b]called a great assembly against them. And I said to them, “According to our ability we have (F)redeemed our Jewish brethren who were sold to the nations. Now indeed, will you even sell your brethren? Or should they be sold to us?”

Then they were silenced and found nothing to say. Then I said, “What you are doing is not good. Should you not walk (G)in the fear of our God (H)because of the reproach of the nations, our enemies? 10 I also, with my brethren and my servants, am lending them money and grain. Please, let us stop this [c]usury! 11 Restore now to them, even this day, their lands, their vineyards, their olive groves, and their houses, also a hundredth of the money and the grain, the new wine and the oil, that you have charged them.”

12 So they said, “We will restore it, and will require nothing from them; we will do as you say.”

Then I called the priests, (I)and required an oath from them that they would do according to this promise. 13 Then (J)I shook out [d]the fold of my garment and said, “So may God shake out each man from his house, and from his property, who does not perform this promise. Even thus may he be shaken out and emptied.”

And all the assembly said, “Amen!” and praised the Lord. (K)Then the people did according to this promise.

The Generosity of Nehemiah

14 Moreover, from the time that I was appointed to be their governor in the land of Judah, from the twentieth year (L)until the thirty-second year of King Artaxerxes, twelve years, neither I nor my brothers (M)ate the governor’s provisions. 15 But the former governors who were before me laid burdens on the people, and took from them bread and wine, besides forty shekels of silver. Yes, even their servants bore rule over the people, but (N)I did not do so, because of the (O)fear of God. 16 Indeed, I also continued the (P)work on this wall, and [e]we did not buy any land. All my servants were gathered there for the work.

17 And (Q)at my table were one hundred and fifty Jews and rulers, besides those who came to us from the nations around us. 18 Now that (R)which was prepared daily was one ox and six choice sheep. Also fowl were prepared for me, and once every ten days an abundance of all kinds of wine. Yet in spite of this (S)I did not demand the governor’s provisions, because the bondage was heavy on this people.

19 (T)Remember me, my God, for good, according to all that I have done for this people.

Footnotes

  1. Nehemiah 5:7 charging interest
  2. Nehemiah 5:7 Lit. held
  3. Nehemiah 5:10 interest
  4. Nehemiah 5:13 Lit. my lap
  5. Nehemiah 5:16 So with MT; LXX, Syr., Vg. I