Neemia 5
Nuova Riveduta 1994
Neemia fa giustizia ai poveri e rimprovera i notabili
5 (A)Ci fu un grande lamento tra gli uomini del popolo e le loro mogli contro i Giudei loro fratelli. 2 Alcuni dicevano: «Noi, i nostri figli e le nostre figlie siamo numerosi; dateci del grano perché possiamo mangiare e vivere!» 3 Altri dicevano: «Impegniamo i nostri campi, le nostre vigne e le nostre case per assicurarci del grano durante la carestia!» 4 Altri ancora dicevano: «Noi abbiamo preso del denaro ipotecando i nostri campi e le nostre vigne per pagare il tributo del re. 5 Ora la nostra carne è come la carne dei nostri fratelli, i nostri figli sono come i loro figli; ed ecco che dobbiamo sottoporre i nostri figli e le nostre figlie alla schiavitú, e alcune delle nostre figlie sono già ridotte schiave; e noi non possiamo farci nulla, perché i nostri campi e le nostre vigne sono in mano d'altri».
6 Quando udii i loro lamenti e queste parole, fui molto indignato. 7 Dopo aver molto riflettuto, rimproverai aspramente i notabili e i magistrati, e dissi loro: «Come! Voi prestate a interesse ai vostri fratelli?» Convocai contro di loro una grande assemblea, 8 e dissi loro: «Noi, secondo la nostra possibilità, abbiamo riscattato i nostri fratelli giudei che si erano venduti ai pagani; e voi stessi vendereste i vostri fratelli, ed è a noi che essi sarebbero venduti!» Allora quelli tacquero, e non seppero che rispondere. 9 Dissi ancora: «Quello che voi fate non è ben fatto. Non dovreste piuttosto camminare nel timore del nostro Dio per non essere oltraggiati dai pagani nostri nemici? 10 Anch'io, i miei fratelli e i miei servi abbiamo dato loro in prestito denaro e grano. Vi prego, condoniamo loro questo debito! 11 Restituite oggi i loro campi, le loro vigne, i loro uliveti e le loro case, e la percentuale del denaro, del grano, del vino e dell'olio, che avete ottenuto da loro come interesse». 12 Quelli risposero: «Restituiremo tutto, e non domanderemo loro piú nulla; faremo come tu dici». Allora chiamai i *sacerdoti, e in loro presenza li feci giurare che avrebbero mantenuto la promessa. 13 Poi, agitando il mio mantello, dissi: «Cosí Dio scuota dalla sua casa e dai suoi beni chiunque non avrà mantenuto questa promessa, e sia egli scosso e resti senza nulla!» Tutta l'assemblea disse: «Amen!» Poi celebrarono il Signore. E il popolo mantenne la promessa.
Disinteresse di Neemia
14 (B)Dal giorno in cui venni nominato governatore nel paese di *Giuda, dal ventesimo anno fino al trentaduesimo anno del re *Artaserse, per dodici anni, né io né i miei fratelli godemmo del compenso assegnato dal governatore. 15 I governatori che mi avevano preceduto avevano gravato il popolo, ricevendone pane e vino, oltre a quaranta *sicli d'argento; perfino i loro servi angariavano il popolo; ma io non ho fatto cosí, perché ho avuto timor di Dio. 16 Anzi ho messo mano ai lavori di riparazione di queste mura, e non abbiamo comprato nessun campo, e tutta la mia gente si è raccolta là a lavorare. 17 Avevo a tavola con me centocinquanta uomini, Giudei e magistrati, oltre a quelli che venivano a noi dalle nazioni circostanti. 18 Ogni giorno venivano preparati per me un bue, sei montoni scelti e del pollame; e ogni dieci giorni si preparava grande abbondanza di vini di ogni qualità; tuttavia io non chiesi mai il compenso dovuto al governatore, perché il popolo era già gravato abbastanza a causa dei lavori.
19 O mio Dio, ricòrdati –per farmi del bene –di tutto quello che ho fatto per questo popolo.
Nehemiah 5
The Voice
5 As time went on a different kind of conflict arose—common men and their wives cried out against some of their fellow Jews.
Jews Without Land: 2 Our families are large, and we need food so that along with our children, we will not starve. Let us have grain!
Jewish Landowners: 3 As a result of the famine, we are pledging livelihood, even our fields, our vineyards, and our homes as a mortgage.
Other Jewish Landowners: 4 We are borrowing money so that we can pay King Artaxerxes’ tax on our fields and vineyards because of the famine.
All the Jews: 5 Even though we debtors are of the same people as our creditors—the same flesh, the same blood—and even though our children are the same as their children, we are raising this money for taxes by selling our children into slavery. In fact, some of our daughters are slaves already. We are helpless to do anything about it. Why? Because our fields and our vineyards now belong to our creditors!
Nehemiah is the picture of a benevolent ruler. As a Persian-appointed official, he has the right to exact a sizable tax on the people of Jerusalem. Previous governors have had special jars made for collecting grain and oil and fruit from the people. This food went to support the governor and all of his formal dinners. But Nehemiah does not exact this special tax because he realizes his people are already burdened by the Persians’ heavy taxes.
As Artaxerxes’ cupbearer, certainly Nehemiah is a wealthy man; therefore he has no need for additional resources from Jerusalem’s people. On his own, Nehemiah is able to regularly host all 150 of Jerusalem’s officials and frequent diplomats from other provinces, and the abundant meat and wine served at those functions proves that Nehemiah spares no personal expense. He manages to fulfill every duty assigned to him—those required of a Persian governor, and those required of a man of God.
6 When I heard this outcry, these charges filled me with anger. 7 After reflecting over what to do, I determined to confront those responsible directly: the Jewish nobles and the officials who represented Araxerxes’ interests in Jerusalem.
Nehemiah: You are exploiting your own people by charging them interest!
And a great many people assembled to witness my sentencing of the leaders.
Nehemiah: 8 At great expense we have been laboring to buy back our brothers and sisters, fellow Jews who have been enslaved to pagan nations. Now we discover that you are the ones selling them away in the first place—we are buying them from you!
There was nothing they could say; their silence confirmed their guilt.
Nehemiah: 9 This thing you are doing is not good. Is it not good to walk and live our lives in fear of the awesomeness of our True God? Your actions cause our enemies, those pagan nations, to mock us. 10 It is true that my brothers and I—even my followers—are lending money and grain to our poor brothers and sisters so that they can feed themselves and their families. But from this point forward we must stop charging interest. 11 In fact, we must immediately return their collateral—fields, vineyards, olive groves, and houses—and any interest of money, grain, new wine, and olive oil.
Jewish Nobles and Officials: 12 We will give everything back. And in the future, nothing more will be demanded from them. We will do everything you have said.
I called the priests to join us and had these men make oaths before the gathering so that they would be held accountable to do what they promised. 13 I shook out my robe.
Nehemiah: May the True God likewise shake out from his house and his property anyone who fails to keep his word. May he then be shaken out also, until he, too, is emptied.
Everyone who had gathered in our assembly to witness this praised the Eternal and gave their benediction saying, “So may it be.”
All the people did as they promised. 14 As long as I had been appointed governor in Judah—for the 12 years from the 20th to the 32nd year of King Artaxerxes’ reign over the Persian Empire—no one in my family took a salary from the food tax the empire levied. 15 Every governor who had come before me had exploited his authority and levied a stiff tax—a pound of silver a day—and taken food and wine to supply his own table, often using unmerciful servants to extract this payment. But my fear of the True God kept me from ever acting in the same way. 16 (All my attention and resources were devoted to rebuilding the wall. Land acquisition was not the goal of my followers or me.) 17 I went beyond that, however. I also supplied food for 150 Jews and officials—in addition to diplomats from the surrounding pagan nations. 18 All were fed at my table at my expense: each day an ox, 6 of my best sheep, and some birds were prepared and served alongside a variety of wines that were resupplied every 10 days. Even with all of this expense and effort, I never demanded the food tax which would have been mine to claim as governor because I could see how hard life was for the people and what these demands would cost them.
Nehemiah: 19 Remember me for the good I have done, my True God, for how I have served Your people.
Nehemiah 5
New International Version
Nehemiah Helps the Poor
5 Now the men and their wives raised a great outcry against their fellow Jews. 2 Some were saying, “We and our sons and daughters are numerous; in order for us to eat and stay alive, we must get grain.”
3 Others were saying, “We are mortgaging our fields,(A) our vineyards and our homes to get grain during the famine.”(B)
4 Still others were saying, “We have had to borrow money to pay the king’s tax(C) on our fields and vineyards. 5 Although we are of the same flesh and blood(D) as our fellow Jews and though our children are as good as theirs, yet we have to subject our sons and daughters to slavery.(E) Some of our daughters have already been enslaved, but we are powerless, because our fields and our vineyards belong to others.”(F)
6 When I heard their outcry and these charges, I was very angry. 7 I pondered them in my mind and then accused the nobles and officials. I told them, “You are charging your own people interest!”(G) So I called together a large meeting to deal with them 8 and said: “As far as possible, we have bought(H) back our fellow Jews who were sold to the Gentiles. Now you are selling your own people, only for them to be sold back to us!” They kept quiet, because they could find nothing to say.(I)
9 So I continued, “What you are doing is not right. Shouldn’t you walk in the fear of our God to avoid the reproach(J) of our Gentile enemies? 10 I and my brothers and my men are also lending the people money and grain. But let us stop charging interest!(K) 11 Give back to them immediately their fields, vineyards, olive groves and houses, and also the interest(L) you are charging them—one percent of the money, grain, new wine and olive oil.”
12 “We will give it back,” they said. “And we will not demand anything more from them. We will do as you say.”
Then I summoned the priests and made the nobles and officials take an oath(M) to do what they had promised. 13 I also shook(N) out the folds of my robe and said, “In this way may God shake out of their house and possessions anyone who does not keep this promise. So may such a person be shaken out and emptied!”
At this the whole assembly said, “Amen,”(O) and praised the Lord. And the people did as they had promised.
14 Moreover, from the twentieth year of King Artaxerxes,(P) when I was appointed to be their governor(Q) in the land of Judah, until his thirty-second year—twelve years—neither I nor my brothers ate the food allotted to the governor. 15 But the earlier governors—those preceding me—placed a heavy burden on the people and took forty shekels[a] of silver from them in addition to food and wine. Their assistants also lorded it over the people. But out of reverence for God(R) I did not act like that. 16 Instead,(S) I devoted myself to the work on this wall. All my men were assembled there for the work; we[b] did not acquire any land.
17 Furthermore, a hundred and fifty Jews and officials ate at my table, as well as those who came to us from the surrounding nations. 18 Each day one ox, six choice sheep and some poultry(T) were prepared for me, and every ten days an abundant supply of wine of all kinds. In spite of all this, I never demanded the food allotted to the governor, because the demands were heavy on these people.
19 Remember(U) me with favor, my God, for all I have done for these people.
Footnotes
- Nehemiah 5:15 That is, about 1 pound or about 460 grams
- Nehemiah 5:16 Most Hebrew manuscripts; some Hebrew manuscripts, Septuagint, Vulgate and Syriac I
Nehemiah 5
King James Version
5 And there was a great cry of the people and of their wives against their brethren the Jews.
2 For there were that said, We, our sons, and our daughters, are many: therefore we take up corn for them, that we may eat, and live.
3 Some also there were that said, We have mortgaged our lands, vineyards, and houses, that we might buy corn, because of the dearth.
4 There were also that said, We have borrowed money for the king's tribute, and that upon our lands and vineyards.
5 Yet now our flesh is as the flesh of our brethren, our children as their children: and, lo, we bring into bondage our sons and our daughters to be servants, and some of our daughters are brought unto bondage already: neither is it in our power to redeem them; for other men have our lands and vineyards.
6 And I was very angry when I heard their cry and these words.
7 Then I consulted with myself, and I rebuked the nobles, and the rulers, and said unto them, Ye exact usury, every one of his brother. And I set a great assembly against them.
8 And I said unto them, We after our ability have redeemed our brethren the Jews, which were sold unto the heathen; and will ye even sell your brethren? or shall they be sold unto us? Then held they their peace, and found nothing to answer.
9 Also I said, It is not good that ye do: ought ye not to walk in the fear of our God because of the reproach of the heathen our enemies?
10 I likewise, and my brethren, and my servants, might exact of them money and corn: I pray you, let us leave off this usury.
11 Restore, I pray you, to them, even this day, their lands, their vineyards, their oliveyards, and their houses, also the hundredth part of the money, and of the corn, the wine, and the oil, that ye exact of them.
12 Then said they, We will restore them, and will require nothing of them; so will we do as thou sayest. Then I called the priests, and took an oath of them, that they should do according to this promise.
13 Also I shook my lap, and said, So God shake out every man from his house, and from his labour, that performeth not this promise, even thus be he shaken out, and emptied. And all the congregation said, Amen, and praised the Lord. And the people did according to this promise.
14 Moreover from the time that I was appointed to be their governor in the land of Judah, from the twentieth year even unto the two and thirtieth year of Artaxerxes the king, that is, twelve years, I and my brethren have not eaten the bread of the governor.
15 But the former governors that had been before me were chargeable unto the people, and had taken of them bread and wine, beside forty shekels of silver; yea, even their servants bare rule over the people: but so did not I, because of the fear of God.
16 Yea, also I continued in the work of this wall, neither bought we any land: and all my servants were gathered thither unto the work.
17 Moreover there were at my table an hundred and fifty of the Jews and rulers, beside those that came unto us from among the heathen that are about us.
18 Now that which was prepared for me daily was one ox and six choice sheep; also fowls were prepared for me, and once in ten days store of all sorts of wine: yet for all this required not I the bread of the governor, because the bondage was heavy upon this people.
19 Think upon me, my God, for good, according to all that I have done for this people.
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