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12 At that time, Jesus went on the Sabbath day through the grain fields. His disciples were hungry and began to pluck heads of grain and to eat. But the Pharisees, when they saw it, said to him, “Behold, your disciples do what is not lawful to do on the Sabbath.”

But he said to them, “Haven’t you read what David did when he was hungry, and those who were with him: how he entered into God’s house and ate the show bread, which was not lawful for him to eat, nor for those who were with him, but only for the priests?1 Samuel 21:3-6 Or have you not read in the law that on the Sabbath day the priests in the temple profane the Sabbath and are guiltless? But I tell you that one greater than the temple is here. But if you had known what this means, ‘I desire mercy, and not sacrifice,’Hosea 6:6 you wouldn’t have condemned the guiltless. For the Son of Man is Lord of the Sabbath.”

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Jesus is Lord of the Sabbath(A)

12 At that time, Jesus walked through the grain fields on a Sabbath.[a] His disciples became hungry and began picking heads of grain to eat. When the Pharisees saw this, they told him, “Look! Your disciples are doing what is not lawful to do on the Sabbath!”

But he told them, “Haven’t you read what David did when he and his companions were hungry? How is it that he went into the house of God and ate the Bread of the Presence, which was not lawful for him and his companions to eat but was reserved[b] for the priests? Or haven’t you read in the Law that on every Sabbath[c] the priests in the Temple violate the Sabbath[d] and yet are innocent?[e] But I tell you, something greater than the Temple is here! If you had known what ‘I want mercy and not sacrifice’[f] means, you would not have condemned the innocent, for the Son of Man is Lord of the Sabbath.”

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Footnotes

  1. Matthew 12:1 Lit. on the Sabbaths
  2. Matthew 12:4 Lit. but only
  3. Matthew 12:5 Lit. on the Sabbaths
  4. Matthew 12:5 I.e. by carrying out priestly duties
  5. Matthew 12:5 Cf. Exod 25:30; 29:32-33; Lev 8:31
  6. Matthew 12:7 Cf. Hos 6:6