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12 At that season Jesus went on the sabbath day through the grainfields; and his disciples were hungry and began to pluck ears and to eat. But the Pharisees, when they saw it, said unto him, Behold, thy disciples do that which it is not lawful to do upon the sabbath. But he said unto them, [a]Have ye not read what David did, when he was hungry, and they that were with him; how he entered into the house of God, and [b]ate the showbread, which it was not lawful for him to eat, neither for them that were with him, but only for the priests? Or have ye not read in the law, [c]that on the sabbath day the priests in the temple profane the sabbath, and are guiltless? But I say unto you, that [d]one greater than the temple is here. But if ye had known what this meaneth, [e]I desire mercy, and not sacrifice, ye would not have condemned the guiltless. For the Son of man is lord of the sabbath.

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Footnotes

  1. Matthew 12:3 1 Sam. 21:6.
  2. Matthew 12:4 Some ancient authorities read they ate.
  3. Matthew 12:5 Num. 28:9, 10.
  4. Matthew 12:6 Greek a greater thing.
  5. Matthew 12:7 Hos. 6:6.

Plucking Grain on the Sabbath

12 At that time Jesus went through the grain fields on the Sabbath. And his disciples were hungry, and they began to pluck off heads of grain and eat them.[a] But when[b] the Pharisees saw it,[c] they said to him, “Behold, your disciples are doing what it is not permitted to do on the Sabbath!” So he said to them, “Have you not read what David did when he was hungry, and those with him, how he entered into the house of God and ate the bread of the presentation, which it was not permitted for him or for those with him to eat, but only for the priests? Or have you not read in the law that on the Sabbath the priests in the temple violate the sanctity of the Sabbath and are guiltless? But I tell you that something greater than the temple is here! And if you had known what it means,[d] ‘I want mercy and not sacrifice,’ you would not have condemned the guiltless. For the Son of Man is lord of the Sabbath.”

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Footnotes

  1. Matthew 12:1 *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  2. Matthew 12:2 Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“saw”) which is understood as temporal
  3. Matthew 12:2 *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  4. Matthew 12:7 Literally “it is”

Jesus Is Lord of the Sabbath(A)(B)

12 At that time Jesus went through the grainfields on the Sabbath. His disciples were hungry and began to pick some heads of grain(C) and eat them. When the Pharisees saw this, they said to him, “Look! Your disciples are doing what is unlawful on the Sabbath.”(D)

He answered, “Haven’t you read what David did when he and his companions were hungry?(E) He entered the house of God, and he and his companions ate the consecrated bread—which was not lawful for them to do, but only for the priests.(F) Or haven’t you read in the Law that the priests on Sabbath duty in the temple desecrate the Sabbath(G) and yet are innocent? I tell you that something greater than the temple is here.(H) If you had known what these words mean, ‘I desire mercy, not sacrifice,’[a](I) you would not have condemned the innocent. For the Son of Man(J) is Lord of the Sabbath.”

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Footnotes

  1. Matthew 12:7 Hosea 6:6