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Abraham was the father of Isaac, and Isaac the father of Jacob, and Jacob the father of Judah and his brothers,(A)

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Then he gave him the covenant of circumcision. And so Abraham[a] became the father of Isaac and circumcised him on the eighth day, and Isaac did likewise to Jacob and Jacob to the twelve patriarchs.(A)

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Footnotes

  1. 7.8 Gk he

17 By faith Abraham, when put to the test, offered up Isaac. He who had received the promises was ready to offer up his only son,(A) 18 of whom he had been told, “It is through Isaac that descendants shall be named for you.”(B)

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The Sons of Israel and the Descendants of Judah

These are the sons of Israel: Reuben, Simeon, Levi, Judah, Issachar, Zebulun,(A) Dan, Joseph, Benjamin, Naphtali, Gad, and Asher.(B) The sons of Judah: Er, Onan, and Shelah; these three the Canaanite woman Bath-shua bore to him. Now Er, Judah’s firstborn, was wicked in the sight of the Lord, and he put him to death. His daughter-in-law Tamar also bore him Perez and Zerah. Judah had five sons in all.(C)

The sons of Perez: Hezron and Hamul.(D) The sons of Zerah: Zimri, Ethan, Heman, Calcol, and Darda,[a] five in all.(E) The son of Carmi: Achar, the troubler of Israel, who transgressed in the matter of the devoted thing;(F) and Ethan’s son was Azariah.

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Footnotes

  1. 2.6 Heb mss Gk Vg Syr: MT Dara

Now these are the names of the Israelites, Jacob and his offspring, who came to Egypt. Reuben, Jacob’s firstborn,(A) and the children of Reuben: Hanoch, Pallu, Hezron, and Carmi. 10 The children of Simeon: Jemuel, Jamin, Ohad, Jachin, Zohar, and Shaul, the son of a Canaanite woman.(B) 11 The children of Levi: Gershon, Kohath, and Merari.(C) 12 The children of Judah: Er, Onan, Shelah, Perez, and Zerah (but Er and Onan died in the land of Canaan), and the children of Perez were Hezron and Hamul.(D) 13 The children of Issachar: Tola, Puvah, Jashub,[a] and Shimron. 14 The children of Zebulun: Sered, Elon, and Jahleel. 15 These are the sons of Leah whom she bore to Jacob in Paddan-aram, together with his daughter Dinah; in all, his sons and his daughters numbered thirty-three. 16 The children of Gad: Ziphion, Haggi, Shuni, Ezbon, Eri, Arodi, and Areli. 17 The children of Asher: Imnah, Ishvah, Ishvi, Beriah, and their sister Serah. The children of Beriah: Heber and Malchiel.(E) 18 These are the children of Zilpah, whom Laban gave to his daughter Leah, and these she bore to Jacob—sixteen persons.(F) 19 The children of Jacob’s wife Rachel: Joseph and Benjamin.(G) 20 To Joseph in the land of Egypt were born Manasseh and Ephraim, whom Asenath daughter of Potiphera, priest of On, bore to him.(H) 21 The children of Benjamin: Bela, Becher, Ashbel, Gera, Naaman, Ehi, Rosh, Muppim, Huppim, and Ard.(I) 22 These are the children of Rachel who were born to Jacob—fourteen persons in all. 23 The children of Dan: Hashum.[b](J) 24 The children of Naphtali: Jahzeel, Guni, Jezer, and Shillem.(K) 25 These are the children of Bilhah, whom Laban gave to his daughter Rachel, and these she bore to Jacob—seven persons in all.(L) 26 All the persons belonging to Jacob who came into Egypt who were his own offspring, not including the wives of his sons, were sixty-six persons in all.(M) 27 The children of Joseph who were born to him in Egypt were two; all the persons of the house of Jacob who came into Egypt were seventy.(N)

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Footnotes

  1. 46.13 Compare Sam Gk: MT Iob
  2. 46.23 Gk: Heb Hushim

26 Afterward his brother came out, with his hand gripping Esau’s heel, so he was named Jacob.[a] Isaac was sixty years old when she bore them.(A)

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Footnotes

  1. 25.26 That is, he takes by the heel or he supplants

Sarah conceived and bore Abraham a son in his old age, at the time of which God had spoken to him.(A) Abraham gave the name Isaac to his son whom Sarah bore him.(B) And Abraham circumcised his son Isaac when he was eight days old, as God had commanded him.(C) Abraham was a hundred years old when his son Isaac was born to him.(D)

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From the tribe of Judah twelve thousand sealed,

from the tribe of Reuben twelve thousand,

from the tribe of Gad twelve thousand,

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11 By faith, with Sarah’s involvement, he received power of procreation, even though he was too old, because he considered[a] him faithful who had promised.(A)

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Footnotes

  1. 11.11 Other ancient authorities read By faith Sarah herself received power to conceive, even when she was past the age, since she considered

Look to Abraham your father
    and to Sarah, who bore you,
for he was but one when I called him,
    but I blessed him and made him many.(A)

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But you, Israel, my servant,
    Jacob, whom I have chosen,
    the offspring of Abraham, my friend;(A)

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Descendants of Reuben

The sons of Reuben the firstborn of Israel. (He was the firstborn, but because he defiled his father’s bed his birthright was given to the sons of Joseph son of Israel, so that he is not enrolled in the genealogy according to the birthright;(A) though Judah became prominent among his brothers and a ruler came from him, yet the birthright belonged to Joseph.)(B)

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34 Abraham became the father of Isaac. The sons of Isaac: Esau and Israel.(A)

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From Abraham to Jacob

28 The sons of Abraham: Isaac and Ishmael.

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And Joshua said to all the people, “Thus says the Lord, the God of Israel: Long ago your ancestors—Terah and his sons Abraham and Nahor—lived beyond the Euphrates and served other gods.(A) Then I took your father Abraham from beyond the River and led him through all the land of Canaan and made his offspring many. I gave him Isaac,(B) and to Isaac I gave Jacob and Esau. I gave Esau the hill country of Seir to possess, but Jacob and his children went down to Egypt.(C)

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Judah, your brothers shall praise you;
    your hand shall be on the neck of your enemies;
    your father’s sons shall bow down before you.(A)
Judah is a lion’s whelp;
    from the prey, my son, you have gone up.
He crouches down, he stretches out like a lion,
    like a lioness—who dares rouse him up?(B)
10 The scepter shall not depart from Judah,
    nor the ruler’s staff from between his feet,
until tribute comes to him,[a]
    and the obedience of the peoples is his.(C)
11 Binding his foal to the vine
    and his donkey’s colt to the choice vine,
he washes his garments in wine
    and his robe in the blood of grapes;
12 his eyes are darker than wine
    and his teeth whiter than milk.

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Footnotes

  1. 49.10 Or until Shiloh comes or until he comes to Shiloh or (with Syr) until he comes to whom it belongs

The Birth of Benjamin and the Death of Rachel

16 Then they journeyed from Bethel, and when they were still some distance from Ephrath, Rachel was in childbirth, and she had hard labor. 17 When she was in her hard labor, the midwife said to her, “Do not be afraid, for now you have another son.”(A) 18 As her soul was departing, for she was dying, she named him Ben-oni,[a] but his father called him Benjamin.[b] 19 And Rachel died, and she was buried on the way to Ephrath, that is, Bethlehem,(B)

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Footnotes

  1. 35.18 That is, son of my sorrow
  2. 35.18 That is, son of the right hand or son of the south

And Bilhah conceived and bore Jacob a son. Then Rachel said, “God has judged me and has also heard my voice and given me a son”; therefore she named him Dan.[a](A) Rachel’s maid Bilhah conceived again and bore Jacob a second son. Then Rachel said, “With mighty wrestlings I have wrestled with my sister and have prevailed,” so she named him Naphtali.[b](B)

When Leah saw that she had ceased bearing children, she took her maid Zilpah and gave her to Jacob as a wife.(C) 10 Then Leah’s maid Zilpah bore Jacob a son. 11 And Leah said, “Good fortune!” So she named him Gad.[c] 12 Leah’s maid Zilpah bore Jacob a second son. 13 And Leah said, “Happy am I! For the women will call me happy,” so she named him Asher.[d](D)

14 In the days of wheat harvest Reuben went and found mandrakes in the field and brought them to his mother Leah. Then Rachel said to Leah, “Please give me some of your son’s mandrakes.”(E) 15 But she said to her, “Is it a small matter that you have taken away my husband? Would you take away my son’s mandrakes also?” Rachel said, “Then he may lie with you tonight for your son’s mandrakes.”(F) 16 When Jacob came from the field in the evening, Leah went out to meet him and said, “You must come in to me, for I have hired you with my son’s mandrakes.” So he lay with her that night. 17 And God heeded Leah, and she conceived and bore Jacob a fifth son. 18 Leah said, “God has given me my hire because I gave my maid to my husband,” so she named him Issachar.[e] 19 And Leah conceived again, and she bore Jacob a sixth son. 20 Then Leah said, “God has endowed me with a good gift; now my husband will honor me, because I have borne him six sons,” so she named him Zebulun.[f](G)

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Footnotes

  1. 30.6 That is, he judged
  2. 30.8 In Heb Naphtali resembles the verb for I have wrestled
  3. 30.11 That is, fortune
  4. 30.13 That is, happy
  5. 30.18 In Heb Issachar resembles the word for my hire
  6. 30.20 In Heb Zebulun resembles the verb for honor

32 Leah conceived and bore a son, and she named him Reuben,[a] for she said, “Because the Lord has looked on my affliction, surely now my husband will love me.”(A) 33 She conceived again and bore a son and said, “Because the Lord has heard that I am hated, he has given me this son also,” and she named him Simeon.[b] 34 Again she conceived and bore a son and said, “Now this time my husband will be joined to me, because I have borne him three sons”; therefore he was named Levi.[c](B) 35 She conceived again and bore a son and said, “This time I will praise the Lord,” therefore she named him Judah;[d] then she ceased bearing.(C)

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Footnotes

  1. 29.32 That is, see, a son
  2. 29.33 In Heb Simeon resembles the verb for has heard
  3. 29.34 In Heb Levi resembles the verb for will be joined
  4. 29.35 In Heb Judah resembles the verb for I will praise

14 For it is evident that our Lord was descended from Judah, and in connection with that tribe Moses said nothing about priests.(A)

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and not all of Abraham’s children are his descendants, but “it is through Isaac that descendants shall be named for you.”(A) This means that it is not the children of the flesh who are the children of God, but the children of the promise are counted as descendants. For the word of the promise is this: “About this time I will return, and Sarah shall have a son.”(B) 10 Nor is that all; something similar happened to Rebecca when she had conceived children by one husband, our ancestor Isaac:(C) 11 even before they had been born or had done anything good or bad (so that God’s purpose of election might continue, 12 not by works but by his call) she was told, “The elder shall serve the younger.”(D) 13 As it is written,

“I have loved Jacob,
    but I have hated Esau.”(E)

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33 son of Amminadab, son of Admin, son of Arni,[a] son of Hezron, son of Perez, son of Judah, 34 son of Jacob, son of Isaac, son of Abraham, son of Terah, son of Nahor,(A)

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Footnotes

  1. 3.33 Other ancient authorities read Amminadab, son of Aram; others vary widely

Israel Preferred to Edom

“I have loved you,” says the Lord. But you say, “How have you loved us?” “Is not Esau Jacob’s brother?” says the Lord. “Yet I have loved Jacob,(A) but I have hated Esau; I have made his hill country a desolation and his heritage a desert for jackals.(B)

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Reuben, Simeon, Levi, and Judah, Issachar, Zebulun, and Benjamin, Dan and Naphtali, Gad and Asher. The total number of people born to Jacob was seventy. (Joseph was already in Egypt.)(A)

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