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Jesús y el sábado (Mc 2,23-28; Lc 6,1-5)

12 En cierta ocasión estaba Jesús paseando en sábado por entre unos sembrados. Sus discípulos sintieron hambre y se pusieron a arrancar espigas y a comerse los granos. Los fariseos, al verlo, dijeron a Jesús:

— Mira, tus discípulos hacen algo que no está permitido en sábado.

Jesús les contestó:

— ¿Es que no han leído ustedes lo que hizo David cuando él y sus compañeros sintieron hambre? Entró en la casa de Dios y comió de los panes de la ofrenda, algo que no les estaba permitido comer ni a él ni a sus compañeros, sino solamente a los sacerdotes. ¿O no han leído en la ley de Moisés que los sacerdotes no pecan aunque trabajen durante el sábado en el Templo? Pues les digo que aquí hay alguien mayor que el Templo. Si ustedes hubieran entendido lo que significa aquello de: Yo no quiero que me ofrezcan sacrificios, sino que sean compasivos, no condenarían a los inocentes. Porque el Hijo del hombre es Señor del sábado.

El hombre de la mano atrofiada (Mc 3,1-6; Lc 6,6-11)

Jesús siguió su camino y entró en una sinagoga. 10 Había allí un hombre que tenía una mano atrofiada, y los que estaban buscando un motivo para acusar a Jesús le preguntaron:

— ¿Está permitido curar en sábado?

11 Jesús les contestó:

— ¿Quién de ustedes, si tiene una sola oveja y se le cae a un pozo en sábado, no irá a sacarla? 12 Pues una persona vale mucho más que una oveja. ¡De modo que está permitido en sábado hacer el bien!

13 Entonces dijo al enfermo:

— Extiende tu mano.

Él la extendió y recuperó el movimiento, como la otra. 14 Los fariseos, por su parte, se reunieron, al salir, y se confabularon para matar a Jesús.

El siervo de Dios

15 Jesús, al saberlo, se fue de allí. Mucha gente lo seguía, y él curaba a todos los que estaban enfermos, 16 si bien les ordenaba que no divulgaran que había sido él. 17 Así se cumplió lo dicho por medio del profeta Isaías:

18 Este es mi siervo, a quien yo he elegido;
lo amo y me complazco en él.
Le daré mi espíritu
y llevará mi enseñanza a todos los pueblos.
19 No disputará con nadie
no andará dando gritos,
ni se oirá su voz por las calles.
20 No romperá la caña quebrada
ni apagará el pábilo humeante
hasta que haga triunfar la justicia.
21 Y en él pondrán los pueblos su esperanza.

Jesús y Belzebú (Mc 3,22-27; Lc 11,14-23)

22 Llevaron entonces ante Jesús a un hombre ciego y mudo que estaba poseído por un demonio. Jesús lo sanó, de manera que el mudo comenzó a hablar y a ver. 23 Todos los que presenciaron esto decían asombrados:

— ¿Será este el Hijo de David?

24 Pero los fariseos, al oírlo, replicaron:

— Si este expulsa a los demonios, es porque Belzebú, el propio jefe de los demonios, le da el poder para expulsarlos.

25 Pero Jesús, que sabía lo que estaban pensando, les dijo:

— Si una nación se divide en bandos, se destruye a sí misma. Y si una ciudad o una familia se divide en bandos, no puede subsistir. 26 Si Satanás expulsa a Satanás y actúa, por tanto, contra sí mismo, ¿cómo podrá mantener su poder? 27 Y si Belzebú me da a mí el poder para expulsar demonios, ¿quién se lo da a los propios seguidores de ustedes? ¡Ellos mismos son la demostración del error de ustedes! 28 Ahora bien, si yo expulso los demonios por el poder del Espíritu de Dios, es que el reino de Dios ya ha llegado a ustedes.

29 ¿Quién puede entrar en casa de un hombre fuerte y robarle sus bienes, si primero no ata a ese hombre fuerte? Solamente entonces podrá saquear su casa. 30 El que no está a mi favor, está contra mí; el que conmigo no recoge, desparrama.

El pecado contra el Espíritu Santo (Mc 3,28-30; Lc 12,10)

31 Por eso les digo que a los seres humanos se les perdonarán todos sus pecados y blasfemias. Lo que no se les perdonará es que blasfemen contra el Espíritu Santo. 32 Incluso si alguien habla en contra del Hijo del hombre, podrá serle perdonado; pero el que hable en contra del Espíritu Santo, no será perdonado ni en este mundo ni en el venidero.

El árbol y sus frutos (Lc 6,43-45)

33 Un fruto sano corresponde a un árbol sano; un fruto podrido, a un árbol podrido. Por el fruto se sabe cómo es el árbol. 34 ¡Hijos de víbora! ¿Cómo puede ser bueno lo que dicen, si ustedes mismos son malos? Porque la boca habla de lo que rebosa el corazón. 35 De la persona buena brota el bien, porque es rica en bondad; pero de la persona mala brota el mal, porque es rica en maldad. 36 Les advierto que, en el día del juicio, cada cual habrá de responder de toda palabra vacía que haya pronunciado. 37 Ten en cuenta que por tus propias palabras serás juzgado y declarado inocente o culpable.

Piden a Jesús una señal milagrosa (Mc 8,11-12; Lc 11,29-32)

38 Por aquel tiempo, algunos maestros de la ley y algunos fariseos dijeron a Jesús:

— Maestro, quisiéramos verte hacer alguna señal milagrosa.

39 Jesús les contestó:

— ¡Gente mala e infiel! Ustedes piden una señal milagrosa, pero no tendrán más señal que la del profeta Jonás. 40 Porque, así como Jonás estuvo tres días y tres noches en el vientre del gran pez, así también el Hijo del hombre estará tres días y tres noches en lo profundo de la tierra.

41 Los habitantes de Nínive se levantarán en el día del juicio, al mismo tiempo que toda esta gente, y la condenarán, porque ellos se convirtieron al escuchar el mensaje de Jonás, ¡y aquí hay alguien más importante que Jonás! 42 La reina del Sur se levantará en el día del juicio, al mismo tiempo que toda esta gente, y la condenará, porque esa reina vino desde tierras lejanas a escuchar la sabiduría de Salomón, ¡y aquí hay alguien más importante que Salomón!

El retorno de un espíritu impuro

43 Cuando un espíritu sale de una persona y anda errante por lugares desiertos en busca de descanso, y no lo encuentra, 44 se dice a sí mismo: “Regresaré a mi casa, de donde salí”. Si, al llegar, la encuentra desocupada, barrida y arreglada, 45 va, reúne a otros siete espíritus peores que él y todos juntos se meten a vivir allí, de manera que la situación de esa persona resulta peor al final que al principio. Así le sucederá a esta gente perversa.

La verdadera familia de Jesús (Mc 3,31-35; Lc 8,19-21)

46 Estaba Jesús hablando todavía a la gente, cuando llegaron su madre y sus hermanos. Se quedaron fuera, pero trataban de hablar con él. 47 Alguien le dio aviso a Jesús:

— Tu madre y tus hermanos están ahí fuera y quieren hablar contigo.

48 Jesús le contestó:

— ¿Quién es mi madre y quiénes son mis hermanos?

49 Y señalando con la mano a sus discípulos, añadió:

— Estos son mi madre y mis hermanos. 50 Porque todo el que hace la voluntad de mi Padre que está en los cielos, ese es mi hermano, y mi hermana, y mi madre.

Plucking Grain on the Sabbath

12 At that time Jesus went through the grain fields on the Sabbath. And his disciples were hungry, and they began to pluck off heads of grain and eat them.[a] But when[b] the Pharisees saw it,[c] they said to him, “Behold, your disciples are doing what it is not permitted to do on the Sabbath!” So he said to them, “Have you not read what David did when he was hungry, and those with him, how he entered into the house of God and ate the bread of the presentation, which it was not permitted for him or for those with him to eat, but only for the priests? Or have you not read in the law that on the Sabbath the priests in the temple violate the sanctity of the Sabbath and are guiltless? But I tell you that something greater than the temple is here! And if you had known what it means,[d] ‘I want mercy and not sacrifice,’ you would not have condemned the guiltless. For the Son of Man is lord of the Sabbath.”

A Man with a Withered Hand Healed

And going on from there he came into their synagogue. 10 And behold, there was a man who had a withered hand, and they asked him, saying, “Is it permitted to heal on the Sabbath?” in order that they could accuse him. 11 But he said to them, “What man will there be among you who will have one sheep and if this one fell into a pit on the Sabbath, will not take hold of it and lift it[e] out? 12 Then to what degree is a man worth more than a sheep? So then, it is permitted to do good on the Sabbath.”

13 Then he said to the man, “Stretch out your hand,” and he stretched it[f] out, and it was restored as healthy as the other one. 14 But the Pharisees went out and plotted[g] against him in order that they could destroy him.

God’s Chosen Servant

15 Now Jesus, when he[h] learned of it,[i] withdrew from there, and many[j] followed him, and he healed them all. 16 And he warned them that they should not reveal his identity,[k] 17 in order that what was spoken through the prophet Isaiah would be fulfilled, who said,

18 “Behold my servant whom I have chosen,
    my beloved in whom my soul is well pleased.
I will put my Spirit on him,
    and he will proclaim justice to the Gentiles.
19 He will not quarrel or cry out,
    nor will anyone hear his voice in the streets.
20 A crushed reed he will not break,
    and a smoldering wick he will not extinguish,
until he brings justice to victory.
21     And in his name the Gentiles[l] will hope.[m]

A House Divided Cannot Stand

22 Then a demon-possessed man who was blind and mute was brought to him. And he healed him so that the man who was mute could speak and see. 23 And all the crowds were amazed and began saying, “Perhaps this one is the Son of David!” 24 But the Pharisees, when they[n] heard it,[o] said, “This man does not expel demons except by Beelzebul the ruler of demons!” 25 But knowing their thoughts, he said to them, “Every kingdom divided against itself is laid waste, and every city or household divided against itself will not stand. 26 And if Satan expels Satan, he is divided against himself. How then will his kingdom stand? 27 And if I expel demons by Beelzebul, by whom do your sons expel them?[p] For this reason they will be your judges! 28 But if I expel demons by the Spirit of God, then the kingdom of God has come upon you! 29 Or how can someone enter into the house of a strong man and steal his property, unless he first ties up the strong man? And then he can thoroughly plunder his house. 30 The one who is not with me is against me, and the one who does not gather with me scatters. 31 For this reason I tell you, every sin and blasphemy will be forgiven people, but the blasphemy against the Spirit will not be forgiven! 32 And whoever speaks a word against the Son of Man, it will be forgiven him. But whoever speaks against the Holy Spirit, it will not be forgiven him either in this age or in the coming one!

Good Trees and Good Fruit or Bad Trees and Bad Fruit

33 “Either make the tree good and its fruit is good, or make the tree bad and its fruit is bad, for the tree is known by its fruit. 34 Offspring of vipers! How are you able to say good things when you[q] are evil? For from the abundance of the heart the mouth speaks. 35 The good person from his[r] good treasury brings out good things, and the evil person from his[s] evil treasury brings out evil things. 36 But I tell you that every worthless word that they speak, people will give an account for it on the day of judgment! 37 For by your words you will be vindicated, and by your words you will be condemned.”

The Sign of Jonah

38 Then some of the scribes and Pharisees answered him saying, “Teacher, we want to see a sign from you!” 39 But he answered and[t] said to them, “An evil and adulterous generation desires a sign, and no sign will be given to it except the sign of the prophet Jonah! 40 For just as Jonah was in the belly of the huge fish three days and three nights, so the Son of Man will be in the heart of the earth three days and three nights. 41 The people of Nineveh will stand up at the judgment with this generation and condemn it, because they repented at the proclamation of Jonah, and behold, something[u] greater than Jonah is here! 42 The queen of the south will rise up at the judgment with this generation and condemn it, because she came from the ends of the earth to hear the wisdom of Solomon, and behold, something[v] greater than Solomon is here!

An Unclean Spirit Returns

43 “Now whenever an unclean spirit has gone out of a person, it travels through waterless places searching for rest, and does not find it.[w] 44 Then it says, ‘I will return to my house from which I came out.’ And when it[x] arrives it finds the house[y] unoccupied and swept and put in order. 45 Then it goes and brings along with itself seven other spirits more evil than itself, and they go in and[z] live there. And the last state of that person becomes worse than the first. So it will be for this evil generation also!”

Jesus’ Mother and Brothers

46 And[aa] while[ab] he was still speaking to the crowds, behold, his mother and brothers were standing there outside, desiring to speak to him. 47 And someone told him, “Behold, your mother and your brothers are standing there outside desiring to speak to you.” 48 But he answered and[ac] said to the one who told him, “Who is my mother, and who are my brothers?” 49 And stretching out his hand toward his disciples, he said, “Behold my mother and my brothers! 50 For whoever does the will of my Father who is in heaven, he is my brother and sister and mother.”

Footnotes

  1. Matthew 12:1 *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  2. Matthew 12:2 Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“saw”) which is understood as temporal
  3. Matthew 12:2 *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  4. Matthew 12:7 Literally “it is”
  5. Matthew 12:11 Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  6. Matthew 12:13 Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  7. Matthew 12:14 Literally “taking counsel”
  8. Matthew 12:15 Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“learned”) which is understood as temporal
  9. Matthew 12:15 *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  10. Matthew 12:15 Some manuscripts have “many crowds”
  11. Matthew 12:16 Literally “make him known”
  12. Matthew 12:21 Or “the nations”; the same Greek word (in the plural) can be translated as “nations,” “Gentiles,” or “pagans”
  13. Matthew 12:21 Verses 18–21 are a quotation from Isa 42:1–4
  14. Matthew 12:24 Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“heard”) which is understood as temporal
  15. Matthew 12:24 *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  16. Matthew 12:27 *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  17. Matthew 12:34 Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“are”) which is understood as temporal
  18. Matthew 12:35 Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun
  19. Matthew 12:35 Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun
  20. Matthew 12:39 Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“answered”) has been translated as a finite verb
  21. Matthew 12:41 Here “something” is supplied in the translation because the adjective is neuter gender
  22. Matthew 12:42 Here “something” is supplied in the translation because the adjective is neuter gender
  23. Matthew 12:43 *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  24. Matthew 12:44 Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“arrives”) which is understood as temporal
  25. Matthew 12:44 Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  26. Matthew 12:45 Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“go in”) has been translated as a finite verb
  27. Matthew 12:46 Some manuscripts omit “And”
  28. Matthew 12:46 Here “while” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“speaking”)
  29. Matthew 12:48 Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“answered”) has been translated as a finite verb

Plucking Grain on the Sabbath

12 At that time Jesus went through the cornfields on the sabbath; his disciples were hungry, and they began to pluck heads of grain and to eat. When the Pharisees saw it, they said to him, ‘Look, your disciples are doing what is not lawful to do on the sabbath.’ He said to them, ‘Have you not read what David did when he and his companions were hungry? He entered the house of God and ate the bread of the Presence, which it was not lawful for him or his companions to eat, but only for the priests. Or have you not read in the law that on the sabbath the priests in the temple break the sabbath and yet are guiltless? I tell you, something greater than the temple is here. But if you had known what this means, “I desire mercy and not sacrifice”, you would not have condemned the guiltless. For the Son of Man is lord of the sabbath.’

The Man with a Withered Hand

He left that place and entered their synagogue; 10 a man was there with a withered hand, and they asked him, ‘Is it lawful to cure on the sabbath?’ so that they might accuse him. 11 He said to them, ‘Suppose one of you has only one sheep and it falls into a pit on the sabbath; will you not lay hold of it and lift it out? 12 How much more valuable is a human being than a sheep! So it is lawful to do good on the sabbath.’ 13 Then he said to the man, ‘Stretch out your hand.’ He stretched it out, and it was restored, as sound as the other. 14 But the Pharisees went out and conspired against him, how to destroy him.

God’s Chosen Servant

15 When Jesus became aware of this, he departed. Many crowds[a] followed him, and he cured all of them, 16 and he ordered them not to make him known. 17 This was to fulfil what had been spoken through the prophet Isaiah:

18 ‘Here is my servant, whom I have chosen,
    my beloved, with whom my soul is well pleased.
I will put my Spirit upon him,
    and he will proclaim justice to the Gentiles.
19 He will not wrangle or cry aloud,
    nor will anyone hear his voice in the streets.
20 He will not break a bruised reed
    or quench a smouldering wick
until he brings justice to victory.
21     And in his name the Gentiles will hope.’

Jesus and Beelzebul

22 Then they brought to him a demoniac who was blind and mute; and he cured him, so that the one who had been mute could speak and see. 23 All the crowds were amazed and said, ‘Can this be the Son of David?’ 24 But when the Pharisees heard it, they said, ‘It is only by Beelzebul, the ruler of the demons, that this fellow casts out the demons.’ 25 He knew what they were thinking and said to them, ‘Every kingdom divided against itself is laid waste, and no city or house divided against itself will stand. 26 If Satan casts out Satan, he is divided against himself; how then will his kingdom stand? 27 If I cast out demons by Beelzebul, by whom do your own exorcists[b] cast them out? Therefore they will be your judges. 28 But if it is by the Spirit of God that I cast out demons, then the kingdom of God has come to you. 29 Or how can one enter a strong man’s house and plunder his property, without first tying up the strong man? Then indeed the house can be plundered. 30 Whoever is not with me is against me, and whoever does not gather with me scatters. 31 Therefore I tell you, people will be forgiven for every sin and blasphemy, but blasphemy against the Spirit will not be forgiven. 32 Whoever speaks a word against the Son of Man will be forgiven, but whoever speaks against the Holy Spirit will not be forgiven, either in this age or in the age to come.

A Tree and Its Fruit

33 ‘Either make the tree good, and its fruit good; or make the tree bad, and its fruit bad; for the tree is known by its fruit. 34 You brood of vipers! How can you speak good things, when you are evil? For out of the abundance of the heart the mouth speaks. 35 The good person brings good things out of a good treasure, and the evil person brings evil things out of an evil treasure. 36 I tell you, on the day of judgement you will have to give an account for every careless word you utter; 37 for by your words you will be justified, and by your words you will be condemned.’

The Sign of Jonah

38 Then some of the scribes and Pharisees said to him, ‘Teacher, we wish to see a sign from you.’ 39 But he answered them, ‘An evil and adulterous generation asks for a sign, but no sign will be given to it except the sign of the prophet Jonah. 40 For just as Jonah was for three days and three nights in the belly of the sea monster, so for three days and three nights the Son of Man will be in the heart of the earth. 41 The people of Nineveh will rise up at the judgement with this generation and condemn it, because they repented at the proclamation of Jonah, and see, something greater than Jonah is here! 42 The queen of the South will rise up at the judgement with this generation and condemn it, because she came from the ends of the earth to listen to the wisdom of Solomon, and see, something greater than Solomon is here!

The Return of the Unclean Spirit

43 ‘When the unclean spirit has gone out of a person, it wanders through waterless regions looking for a resting-place, but it finds none. 44 Then it says, “I will return to my house from which I came.” When it comes, it finds it empty, swept, and put in order. 45 Then it goes and brings along seven other spirits more evil than itself, and they enter and live there; and the last state of that person is worse than the first. So will it be also with this evil generation.’

The True Kindred of Jesus

46 While he was still speaking to the crowds, his mother and his brothers were standing outside, wanting to speak to him. 47 Someone told him, ‘Look, your mother and your brothers are standing outside, wanting to speak to you.’[c] 48 But to the one who had told him this, Jesus[d] replied, ‘Who is my mother, and who are my brothers?’ 49 And pointing to his disciples, he said, ‘Here are my mother and my brothers! 50 For whoever does the will of my Father in heaven is my brother and sister and mother.’

Footnotes

  1. Matthew 12:15 Other ancient authorities lack crowds
  2. Matthew 12:27 Gk sons
  3. Matthew 12:47 Other ancient authorities lack verse 47
  4. Matthew 12:48 Gk he