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Now there gathered together to [Jesus] the Pharisees and some of the scribes who had come from Jerusalem,

For they had seen that some of His disciples ate with [a]common hands, that is, unwashed [with hands defiled and unhallowed, because they had not given them a [b]ceremonial washing]—

For the Pharisees and all of the Jews do not eat unless [merely for ceremonial reasons] they wash their hands [diligently [c]up to the elbow] with clenched fist, adhering [carefully and faithfully] to the tradition of [practices and customs handed down to them by] their forefathers [to be observed].

And [when they come] from the marketplace, they do not eat unless they purify themselves; and there are many other traditions [oral, man-made laws handed down to them, which they observe faithfully and diligently, such as], the washing of cups and wooden pitchers and widemouthed jugs and utensils of copper and [d]beds—

And the Pharisees and scribes kept asking [Jesus], Why do Your disciples not order their way of living according to the tradition handed down by the forefathers [to be observed], but eat with hands unwashed and ceremonially not purified?

But He said to them, Excellently and truly [[e]so that there will be no room for blame] did Isaiah prophesy of you, the pretenders and hypocrites, as it stands written: These people [constantly] honor Me with their lips, but their hearts hold off and are far distant from Me.

In vain (fruitlessly and without profit) do they worship Me, ordering and teaching [to be obeyed] as doctrines the commandments and precepts of men.(A)

You disregard and give up and ask to depart from you the commandment of God and cling to the tradition of men [keeping it carefully and faithfully].

And He said to them, You have a fine way of rejecting [thus thwarting and nullifying and doing away with] the commandment of God in order to keep your tradition (your own human regulations)!

10 For Moses said, Honor (revere with tenderness of feeling and deference) your father and your mother, and, He who curses or reviles or speaks evil of or abuses or treats improperly his father or mother, let him surely die.(B)

11 But [as for you] you say, A man is exempt if he tells [his] father or [his] mother, What you would otherwise have gained from me [everything I have that would have been of use to you] is Corban, that is, is a gift [already given as an offering to God],

12 Then you no longer are permitting him to do anything for [his] father or mother [but are letting him off from helping them].

13 Thus you are nullifying and making void and of no effect [the authority of] the Word of God through your tradition, which you [in turn] hand on. And many things of this kind you are doing.

14 And He called the people to [Him] again and said to them, Listen to Me, all of you, and understand [what I say].

15 There is not [even] one thing outside a man which by going into him can pollute and defile him; but the things which come out of a man are what defile him and make him unhallowed and unclean.

16 [f]If any man has ears to hear, let him be listening [and let him [g]perceive and comprehend by hearing].

17 And when He had left the crowd and had gone into the house, His disciples began asking Him about the parable.

18 And He said to them, Then are you also unintelligent and dull and without understanding? Do you not discern and see that whatever goes into a man from the outside cannot make him unhallowed or unclean,

19 Since it does not reach and enter his heart but [only his] digestive tract, and so passes on [into the place designed to receive waste]? Thus He was making and declaring all foods [ceremonially] clean [that is, [h]abolishing the ceremonial distinctions of the Levitical Law].

20 And He said, What comes out of a man is what makes a man unclean and renders [him] unhallowed.

21 For from within, [that is] out of the hearts of men, come base and wicked thoughts, sexual immorality, stealing, murder, adultery,

22 Coveting (a greedy desire to have more wealth), dangerous and destructive wickedness, deceit; [i]unrestrained (indecent) conduct; an evil eye (envy), slander (evil speaking, malicious misrepresentation, abusiveness), pride ([j]the sin of an uplifted heart against God and man), foolishness (folly, lack of sense, recklessness, thoughtlessness).

23 All these evil [purposes and desires] come from within, and they make the man unclean and render him unhallowed.

24 And Jesus arose and went away from there to the region of Tyre and Sidon. And He went into a house and did not want anyone to know [that He was there]; but it was not possible for Him to be hidden [from public notice].

25 Instead, at once, a woman whose little daughter had (was under the control of) an unclean spirit heard about Him and came and flung herself down at His feet.

26 Now the woman was a Greek (Gentile), a Syrophoenician by nationality. And she kept begging Him to drive the demon out of her little daughter.

27 And He said to her, First let the children be fed, for it is not becoming or proper or right to take the children’s bread and throw it to the [little house] dogs.

28 But she answered Him, Yes, Lord, yet even the small pups under the table eat the little children’s scraps of food.

29 And He said to her, Because of this saying, you may go your way; the demon has gone out of your daughter [permanently].

30 And she went home and found the child thrown on the couch, and the demon departed.

31 Soon after this, Jesus, coming back from the region of Tyre, passed through Sidon on to the Sea of Galilee, through the region of Decapolis [the ten cities].

32 And they brought to Him a man who was deaf and had difficulty in speaking, and they begged Jesus to place His hand upon him.

33 And taking him aside from the crowd [privately], He thrust His fingers into the man’s ears and spat and touched his tongue;

34 And looking up to heaven, He sighed as He said, Ephphatha, which means, Be opened!

35 And his ears were opened, his tongue was loosed, and he began to speak distinctly and as he should.

36 And Jesus [[k]in His own interest] admonished and ordered them sternly and expressly to tell no one; but the more He commanded them, the more zealously they proclaimed it.

37 And they were overwhelmingly astonished, saying, He has done everything excellently (commendably and nobly)! He even makes the deaf to hear and the dumb to speak!

Footnotes

  1. Mark 7:2 William Tyndale, The Tyndale Bible.
  2. Mark 7:2 Charles B. Williams, The New Testament: A Translation.
  3. Mark 7:3 G. Abbott-Smith, Manual Greek Lexicon.
  4. Mark 7:4 James Moulton and George Milligan, The Vocabulary and Robert Young, Analytical Concordance agree with most lexicons in reading “beds” here. Some manuscripts end verse 4 after “utensils of copper.”
  5. Mark 7:6 Joseph Thayer, A Greek-English Lexicon.
  6. Mark 7:16 Many manuscripts do not contain this verse.
  7. Mark 7:16 G. Abbott-Smith, Manual Greek Lexicon.
  8. Mark 7:19 W. Robertson Nicoll, ed., The Expositor’s Greek New Testament.
  9. Mark 7:22 Alexander Souter, Pocket Lexicon of the Greek New Testament.
  10. Mark 7:22 Marvin Vincent, Word Studies.
  11. Mark 7:36 Kenneth Wuest, Word Studies: The Greek uses the middle voice here to show that the charge is given with the speaker’s personal interest in view.

De Farizeeërs maken ruzie met Jezus

De Farizeeërs kwamen naar Jezus. Ook kwam er een aantal wetgeleerden uit Jeruzalem naar Hem toe. Ze hadden gezien dat sommige van Jezus' leerlingen met ongewassen en dus onreine handen hun brood aten. (Want de Farizeeërs en alle Joden wassen altijd hun handen voor het eten.[a] Dat is een gewoonte die ze van hun voorouders hebben geleerd. En als ze van de markt komen, wassen ze altijd eerst hun handen en voeten voordat ze gaan eten. Zo hebben ze nog heel veel andere gewoonten die ze van hun voorouders hebben geleerd. Ze spoelen bijvoorbeeld ook hun bekers, kannen en koperen voorwerpen en bedden met water af.) En de Farizeeërs en de wetgeleerden vroegen aan Jezus: "Waarom houden uw leerlingen zich niet aan de gewoonten die we van onze voorouders hebben geleerd? Waarom eten ze met ongewassen handen?"

Maar Jezus antwoordde: "Wat zijn jullie toch schijnheilig! Het is waar wat de profeet Jesaja over jullie heeft geprofeteerd, toen hij zei: 'Dit volk aanbidt Mij met hun mond, maar hun hart is ver bij Mij vandaan. Ze aanbidden Mij op een zinloze manier. Want wat ze de mensen leren, zijn niet mijn wetten, maar wetten die door mensen zijn bedacht.' Want jullie houden je niet aan de wet van God, maar wel aan de gewoonten die mensen hebben bedacht. Want jullie wassen je kannen en bekers en doen allerlei van zulke dingen. Maar jullie schuiven de wet van God keurig aan de kant om je aan jullie eigen gewoonten te kunnen houden. 10 Want Mozes heeft gezegd: 'Heb respect voor je vader en moeder en zorg voor hen.' En ook: 'Iemand die zijn vader of moeder vervloekt, moet worden gedood.' 11 Maar jullie zeggen: 'Als iemand tegen zijn vader en moeder zegt: 'Alles waarmee ik voor jullie had kunnen zorgen, heb ik aan de tempel gegeven,' dan is het goed.' 12 Dan hoeft hij van jullie niets voor zijn vader of moeder te doen. 13 Zo hebben jullie door jullie zelfbedachte gewoonten ervoor gezorgd dat het woord van God geen kracht meer heeft in jullie leven. En jullie doen heel veel van dat soort dingen."

14 Toen riep Hij de grote groep mensen naar Zich toe. En Hij zei tegen hen: "Luister allemaal en zorg dat jullie begrijpen wat Ik zeg. 15 Niet de dingen die je mond íngaan, maken je onrein. Maar de dingen die úit je mond komen, maken je onrein. 16 Als je oren hebt, moet je ook goed luisteren."

17 Toen Hij weer thuis kwam, vroegen zijn leerlingen wat Hij daarmee bedoelde. 18 Hij zei tegen hen: "Begrijpen jullie het dan óók niet? Begrijpen jullie niet dat alles wat je mond íngaat, je niet onrein kan maken? 19 Want het komt niet in je hart, maar in je buik. En op een bepaalde plaats gaat het er ook weer uit." Zo zei Hij dus dat alle soorten eten rein zijn.[b] En Hij zei: 20 "Wat uít je mond komt, maakt je onrein. 21 Want dat komt van binnenuit, uit je hart. Daar vandaan komen de slechte gedachten, verkeerde dingen op het gebied van seks, moord, 22 diefstal, ontrouw aan je man of vrouw, hebzucht, slechtheid, bedrog, gebrek aan zelfbeheersing, roddel, kwaadsprekerij, trots, onverstandigheid. 23 Al die slechte dingen komen van binnenuit naar buiten en maken je onrein."

De vrouw uit Tyrus

24 Jezus vertrok en ging naar het gebied van Tyrus en Sidon. Daar ging Hij een huis binnen. Hij wilde niet dat iemand wist waar Hij was. Maar de mensen kwamen er toch achter. 25 Al gauw hoorde een vrouw ervan dat Hij daar was. Ze had een dochtertje dat in de macht was van een duivelse geest. Ze kwam naar Hem toe en liet zich voor Hem op haar knieën vallen. 26 Deze vrouw was een Griekse, geboren in Syro-Fenicië. En ze vroeg aan Hem om de duivelse geest uit haar dochter weg te jagen. 27 Maar Hij zei tegen haar: "Het is niet goed om het brood van de kinderen aan de hondjes te geven.[c] Eerst moeten de kinderen genoeg hebben gegeten." 28 Maar ze antwoordde Hem: "Dat is waar, Heer, maar de hondjes eten toch onder de tafel de kruimels op die de kinderen laten vallen?" 29 Hij zei tegen haar: "Omdat je dit hebt gezegd, zeg Ik: Ga naar huis. De duivelse geest is uit je dochter weggegaan." 30 Toen ze thuis kwam, lag het kind gezond in bed. De duivelse geest was uit haar weg.

Jezus geneest een dove man die bijna niet kan praten

31 Jezus vertrok weer uit het gebied van Tyrus en Sidon en ging naar het meer van Galilea. Daarbij reisde Hij door de Dekapolis (= 'Tienstedengebied'). 32 Ze brachten een man naar Hem toe die doof was en maar moeilijk kon praten. Ze smeekten Hem om hem de handen op te leggen. 33 Hij nam hem apart, bij de grote groep mensen vandaan. Hij stak zijn vingers in de oren van de man, spuugde op de grond, raakte zijn tong aan, 34 keek omhoog naar de hemel en zuchtte. Toen zei Hij tegen hem: "Ga open!" 35 En de oren van de man gingen open: hij kon horen. Ook kwam zijn tong los en hij kon normaal praten. 36 Jezus verbood de mensen om het ook maar aan íemand te vertellen. Maar hoe meer Hij het verbood, hoe meer ze erover spraken. 37 De mensen waren stomverbaasd en zeiden: "Het is geweldig wat Hij doet! Hij geneest dove mensen zodat ze kunnen horen. En Hij geneest mensen die niet konden spreken, zodat ze kunnen spreken!"

Footnotes

  1. Markus 7:3 Het ging hierbij niet om handen wassen zoals wij dat doen, om schone handen te hebben. Het ging hier om een godsdienstige gewoonte. Het was een gewoonte die de Farizeeërs zelf hadden bedacht, maar niet iets wat moest van de wet van Mozes.
  2. Markus 7:19 God had in de wet regels gegeven over welke dieren de Joden wel en niet mochten eten. De 'onreine' dieren mochten niet gegeten worden. Lees Deuteronomium 14:3-20.
  3. Markus 7:27 Met de 'kinderen' worden de Israëlieten bedoeld. Met de 'hondjes' alle andere volken. Jezus kwam in de eerste plaats voor zijn eigen volk. Maar ook mensen van andere volken wilde Hij helpen.

传统与诫命

有些法利赛人和一些从耶路撒冷来的经文士聚集到耶稣那里。 他们看见耶稣的一些门徒用不洁净的手,就是没有洗过的手吃饭[a][b] 原来,法利赛人和所有的犹太人都拘守古人的传统:如果不按规矩[c]洗手就不吃饭; 他们从街市上回来,如果不行洗净礼,也就不吃饭;他们还有很多其他的传统要拘守,例如洗杯子、瓶子、铜器,甚至床[d]等。 于是,法利赛人和经文士就问耶稣:“你的门徒们为什么不照着古人的传统行事,用不洁净的[e]手吃饭[f]呢?”

耶稣对他们说:以赛亚指着你们这些伪善的人所说的预言是对的,正如经上所记:

‘这子民用嘴唇尊重我,
他们的心却远离我。
他们敬拜我也是徒然的,
因为他们把人的规条当做教义教导人[g]。’[h]

你们离弃了神的命令,而拘守人的传统[i]。” 耶稣又对他们说:“你们为了要守住你们的传统,竟然弃绝了神的命令! 10 摩西吩咐过

‘你要孝敬你的父母’[j],又说
‘咒骂父亲或母亲的人,必须处死。’[k]

11 你们却说‘如果一个人对父亲或母亲说:我本该给你的,已经做了“各尔板”——这意思是“圣殿奉献”, 12 就准许这个人可以不再为父母做什么了。’ 13 这样,你们就藉着所继承的传统,废弃了神的话语[l]。你们还做很多类似这样的事。” 14 耶稣又[m]召来众人,对他们说:“你们每个人都当听我说,也当领悟: 15 从人外面进到他里面的,没有一样能使人[n]污秽;相反,从人里面出来的,才会使人污秽。 16 凡是有耳可听的,就应当听![o]

17 耶稣离开人群,一进了房子,他的门徒们就问他这比喻的意思。 18 耶稣说:“你们也是这样无知吗?你们难道不明白一切从外面进到人里面的,不能使人污秽吗? 19 因为这些东西不是进到人的心里,而是进入肚子,然后排到厕所里去。”耶稣这样就使一切食物都洁净。 20 他接着说:“从人里面出来的,那才使人污秽。 21 因为从里面,就是从人心里发出种种恶念:淫乱、偷窃、杀人、 22 通奸、贪心、恶意、欺诈、好色、嫉妒、毁谤、骄傲、愚妄, 23 这一切邪恶都是从人里面出来的,而且使人污秽。”

外邦妇人的信心

24 耶稣起身离开那地方到提尔西顿[p]地区。他进了一户人家,本来不愿意任何人知道,却还是不能避开众人。 25 有一个妇人,她的女儿有污灵附着。这妇人一听说耶稣的事,就赶来俯伏在他的脚前。 26 这妇人是希腊人,出生在叙利亚腓尼基。她请求耶稣把鬼魔从她女儿身上赶出去。 27 耶稣对她说:“应该先让儿女吃饱,因为拿儿女的饼扔给小狗,是不合宜的。”

28 妇人回答说:“主啊[q]!连桌子底下的小狗,也吃得到孩子们的碎渣!”

29 耶稣对她说:“凭你这句话,你可以回去了。鬼魔已经离开了你的女儿。” 30 妇人回到家,发现孩子[r]躺在床上,鬼魔已经离去了。

耶稣做事都美好

31 耶稣离开提尔地区,经过西顿,从德卡波利斯境内又来到加利利湖边[s] 32 有人把一个又聋又哑的人带到耶稣面前,恳求耶稣按手在他身上。 33 耶稣把他从人群中单独带到一边去,用指头伸进他的耳朵,吐唾沫来抹他的舌头, 34 然后望天嘘了一口气,对他说:“以法达[t]!”——这意思是“开了吧”。 35 他的耳朵立刻开了,舌结也解了,说话也清楚了。 36 耶稣吩咐他们不要告诉任何人。但是,他越是吩咐,他们越是大大传扬。

37 人们极其惊讶,说:“他所做的一切都好!他甚至使聋子听见,使哑巴说话。”

Footnotes

  1. 马可福音 7:2 饭——原文直译“饼”。
  2. 马可福音 7:2 有古抄本附“就指责他们”。
  3. 马可福音 7:3 按规矩——或译作“仔细地”。
  4. 马可福音 7:4 有古抄本没有“甚至床”。
  5. 马可福音 7:5 不洁净的——有古抄本作“没有洗过的”。
  6. 马可福音 7:5 饭——原文直译“饼”。
  7. 马可福音 7:7 他们把人的规条当做教义教导人——或译作“他们教导的教义是人的规条”。
  8. 马可福音 7:7 《以赛亚书》29:13。
  9. 马可福音 7:8 有古抄本附“例如洗瓶子、杯子,还做很多其他类似这样的事”。
  10. 马可福音 7:10 《出埃及记》20:12;《申命记》5:16。
  11. 马可福音 7:10 《出埃及记》21:17;《利未记》20:9。
  12. 马可福音 7:13 神的话语——或译作“神的道”。
  13. 马可福音 7:14 有古抄本没有“又”。
  14. 马可福音 7:15 人——原文直译“他”。
  15. 马可福音 7:16 有古抄本没有此节。
  16. 马可福音 7:24 有古抄本没有“和西顿”。
  17. 马可福音 7:28 主啊——有古抄本作“是的,主啊”。
  18. 马可福音 7:30 孩子——有古抄本作“女儿”。
  19. 马可福音 7:31 湖——原文直译“海”。
  20. 马可福音 7:34 以法达——亚兰文词语的音译。

That Which Defiles(A)

The Pharisees and some of the teachers of the law who had come from Jerusalem gathered around Jesus and saw some of his disciples eating food with hands that were defiled,(B) that is, unwashed. (The Pharisees and all the Jews do not eat unless they give their hands a ceremonial washing, holding to the tradition of the elders.(C) When they come from the marketplace they do not eat unless they wash. And they observe many other traditions, such as the washing of cups, pitchers and kettles.[a])(D)

So the Pharisees and teachers of the law asked Jesus, “Why don’t your disciples live according to the tradition of the elders(E) instead of eating their food with defiled hands?”

He replied, “Isaiah was right when he prophesied about you hypocrites; as it is written:

“‘These people honor me with their lips,
    but their hearts are far from me.
They worship me in vain;
    their teachings are merely human rules.’[b](F)

You have let go of the commands of God and are holding on to human traditions.”(G)

And he continued, “You have a fine way of setting aside the commands of God in order to observe[c] your own traditions!(H) 10 For Moses said, ‘Honor your father and mother,’[d](I) and, ‘Anyone who curses their father or mother is to be put to death.’[e](J) 11 But you say(K) that if anyone declares that what might have been used to help their father or mother is Corban (that is, devoted to God)— 12 then you no longer let them do anything for their father or mother. 13 Thus you nullify the word of God(L) by your tradition(M) that you have handed down. And you do many things like that.”

14 Again Jesus called the crowd to him and said, “Listen to me, everyone, and understand this. 15 Nothing outside a person can defile them by going into them. Rather, it is what comes out of a person that defiles them.” [16] [f]

17 After he had left the crowd and entered the house, his disciples asked him(N) about this parable. 18 “Are you so dull?” he asked. “Don’t you see that nothing that enters a person from the outside can defile them? 19 For it doesn’t go into their heart but into their stomach, and then out of the body.” (In saying this, Jesus declared all foods(O) clean.)(P)

20 He went on: “What comes out of a person is what defiles them. 21 For it is from within, out of a person’s heart, that evil thoughts come—sexual immorality, theft, murder, 22 adultery, greed,(Q) malice, deceit, lewdness, envy, slander, arrogance and folly. 23 All these evils come from inside and defile a person.”

Jesus Honors a Syrophoenician Woman’s Faith(R)

24 Jesus left that place and went to the vicinity of Tyre.[g](S) He entered a house and did not want anyone to know it; yet he could not keep his presence secret. 25 In fact, as soon as she heard about him, a woman whose little daughter was possessed by an impure spirit(T) came and fell at his feet. 26 The woman was a Greek, born in Syrian Phoenicia. She begged Jesus to drive the demon out of her daughter.

27 “First let the children eat all they want,” he told her, “for it is not right to take the children’s bread and toss it to the dogs.”

28 “Lord,” she replied, “even the dogs under the table eat the children’s crumbs.”

29 Then he told her, “For such a reply, you may go; the demon has left your daughter.”

30 She went home and found her child lying on the bed, and the demon gone.

Jesus Heals a Deaf and Mute Man(U)

31 Then Jesus left the vicinity of Tyre(V) and went through Sidon, down to the Sea of Galilee(W) and into the region of the Decapolis.[h](X) 32 There some people brought to him a man who was deaf and could hardly talk,(Y) and they begged Jesus to place his hand on(Z) him.

33 After he took him aside, away from the crowd, Jesus put his fingers into the man’s ears. Then he spit(AA) and touched the man’s tongue. 34 He looked up to heaven(AB) and with a deep sigh(AC) said to him, “Ephphatha!” (which means “Be opened!”). 35 At this, the man’s ears were opened, his tongue was loosened and he began to speak plainly.(AD)

36 Jesus commanded them not to tell anyone.(AE) But the more he did so, the more they kept talking about it. 37 People were overwhelmed with amazement. “He has done everything well,” they said. “He even makes the deaf hear and the mute speak.”

Footnotes

  1. Mark 7:4 Some early manuscripts pitchers, kettles and dining couches
  2. Mark 7:7 Isaiah 29:13
  3. Mark 7:9 Some manuscripts set up
  4. Mark 7:10 Exodus 20:12; Deut. 5:16
  5. Mark 7:10 Exodus 21:17; Lev. 20:9
  6. Mark 7:16 Some manuscripts include here the words of 4:23.
  7. Mark 7:24 Many early manuscripts Tyre and Sidon
  8. Mark 7:31 That is, the Ten Cities