Marcos 4
Nueva Biblia Viva
Parábola del sembrador
4 Una vez más una inmensa multitud se congregó en la orilla del lago donde Jesús enseñaba. Era tanto el gentío que Jesús tuvo que subirse a una barca y sentarse a hablarles desde allí. 2 Jesús se puso a enseñarles muchas cosas por medio de parábolas. Al narrar una de ellas, decía así: 3 «Pongan atención. Un sembrador salió a sembrar. 4 Al esparcir las semillas algunas cayeron junto al camino y las aves llegaron y se las comieron. 5 Otras cayeron en un terreno rocoso, sin mucha tierra. Pronto germinaron, porque la tierra no era profunda; 6 pero como no tenían raíces, cuando salió el sol ardiente, las marchitó y murieron. 7 Algunas semillas cayeron entre espinos que, al crecer, ahogaron las plantas y no pudieron dar frutos. 8 Pero algunas de las semillas cayeron en buena tierra y brotaron, crecieron y produjeron treinta, sesenta y hasta cien semillas por cada una sembrada». 9 Y añadió Jesús: «El que tenga oídos, oiga».
10 Después, a solas con los doce y los que estaban alrededor de él, le preguntaron qué quiso decir con aquella parábola.
11 Él les respondió:
«A ustedes se les ha concedido conocer el secreto del reino de Dios; pero a los que están fuera se les dice todo por medio de parábolas, 12 para que “aunque vean, no perciban, y aunque oigan, no entiendan; no sea que se vuelvan a Dios y sean perdonados”.
13 »Ahora bien, si ustedes mismos no entienden esa parábola, ¿cómo van a entender las demás?
14 »El sembrador es el que proclama la palabra de Dios. 15 Las que fueron sembradas junto al camino son los que escuchan la palabra de Dios, pero inmediatamente Satanás quita la palabra que fue sembrada en ellos. 16 Las que cayeron en suelo rocoso representan a los que escuchan el mensaje con alegría, 17 pero como sus raíces no tienen profundidad, brotan antes de tiempo y se apartan apenas comienzan las tribulaciones y las persecuciones por causa de la Palabra. 18 Las que fueron sembradas entre espinas son los que escuchan la Palabra, 19 pero inmediatamente las preocupaciones del mundo, el amor por las riquezas, y los demás placeres ahogan la palabra y no la dejan producir frutos. 20 Pero las que cayeron en buena tierra son los que escuchan la Palabra, la reciben y producen mucho fruto: treinta, sesenta y hasta cien por cada semilla».
Una lámpara en una repisa
21 Y agregó:
«¿Es lógico que uno encienda una lámpara y la ponga debajo de una caja o debajo de la cama? Por supuesto que no. Cuando uno enciende una lámpara, la pone en un lugar alto donde alumbre. 22 No hay nada escondido que no se vaya a conocer, ni nada hay oculto que un día no haya de saberse. 23 El que tenga oídos, oiga».
24 Y les dijo: «Fíjense bien en lo que oyen. Con la misma medida con que ustedes den a otros, se les dará a ustedes, y se les dará mucho más. 25 Porque el que tiene recibirá más; y al que no tiene se le quitará aun lo poco que tenga.
Parábola de la semilla que crece
26 »El reino de Dios es como un hombre que siembra un terreno. 27 Y la semilla nace y crece sin que él se dé cuenta, ya sea que él esté dormido o despierto, sea de día o de noche. 28 Así, la tierra da fruto por sí misma. Primero brota el tallo, luego se forman las espigas de trigo hasta que por fin estas se llenan de granos. 29 Y cuando el grano está maduro, lo cosechan pues su tiempo ha llegado».
Parábola del grano de mostaza
30 Un día les dijo:
«¿Cómo les describiré el reino de Dios? ¿Con qué podemos compararlo? 31 Es como un grano de mostaza que se siembra en la tierra. Aunque es la más pequeña de las semillas que hay en el mundo, 32 cuando se siembra se convierte en la planta más grande del huerto, y en sus enormes ramas las aves del cielo hacen sus nidos».
33 Jesús usaba parábolas como estas para enseñar a la gente, conforme a lo que podían entender. 34 Sin parábolas no les hablaba. En cambio, cuando estaba a solas con sus discípulos les explicaba todo.
Jesús calma la tormenta
35 Anochecía y Jesús les dijo a sus discípulos:
―Vámonos al otro lado del lago.
36 Y, dejando a la multitud, salieron en la barca. Varias barcas los siguieron. 37 A medio camino se desató una terrible tempestad. El viento azotaba la barca con furia y las olas amenazaban con anegarla completamente. 38 Jesús dormía en la popa, con la cabeza en una almohada. Lo despertaron y le dijeron:
―Maestro, ¿no te importa que nos estemos hundiendo?
39 Jesús se levantó, reprendió a los vientos y dijo a las olas:
―¡Silencio! ¡Cálmense!
Los vientos cesaron y todo quedó en calma, 40 Y Jesús les dijo:
―¿Por qué tienen tanto miedo? ¿Acaso no tienen fe?
41 Ellos, asustados, se decían:
―¿Quién será este que aun los vientos y las aguas lo obedecen?
Mark 4
New American Bible (Revised Edition)
Chapter 4
The Parable of the Sower. 1 [a]On another occasion(A) he began to teach by the sea.[b] A very large crowd gathered around him so that he got into a boat on the sea and sat down. And the whole crowd was beside the sea on land.(B) 2 And he taught them at length in parables, and in the course of his instruction he said to them, 3 [c]“Hear this! A sower went out to sow. 4 And as he sowed, some seed fell on the path, and the birds came and ate it up. 5 Other seed fell on rocky ground where it had little soil. It sprang up at once because the soil was not deep. 6 And when the sun rose, it was scorched and it withered for lack of roots. 7 Some seed fell among thorns, and the thorns grew up and choked it and it produced no grain. 8 And some seed fell on rich soil and produced fruit. It came up and grew and yielded thirty, sixty, and a hundredfold.” 9 He added, “Whoever has ears to hear ought to hear.”
The Purpose of the Parables. 10 And when he was alone, those present along with the Twelve questioned him about the parables. 11 [d]He answered them, “The mystery of the kingdom of God has been granted to you. But to those outside everything comes in parables, 12 so that
‘they may look and see but not perceive,
and hear and listen but not understand,
in order that they may not be converted and be forgiven.’”(C)
13 [e]Jesus said to them, “Do you not understand this parable?(D) Then how will you understand any of the parables? 14 The sower sows the word. 15 These are the ones on the path where the word is sown. As soon as they hear, Satan comes at once and takes away the word sown in them. 16 And these are the ones sown on rocky ground who, when they hear the word, receive it at once with joy. 17 But they have no root; they last only for a time. Then when tribulation or persecution comes because of the word, they quickly fall away. 18 Those sown among thorns are another sort. They are the people who hear the word, 19 but worldly anxiety, the lure of riches, and the craving for other things intrude and choke the word, and it bears no fruit. 20 But those sown on rich soil are the ones who hear the word and accept it and bear fruit thirty and sixty and a hundredfold.”
Parable of the Lamp. 21 (E)He said to them, “Is a lamp brought in to be placed under a bushel basket or under a bed, and not to be placed on a lampstand?(F) 22 For there is nothing hidden except to be made visible; nothing is secret except to come to light.(G) 23 Anyone who has ears to hear ought to hear.” 24 He also told them, “Take care what you hear. The measure with which you measure will be measured out to you, and still more will be given to you.(H) 25 To the one who has, more will be given; from the one who has not, even what he has will be taken away.”(I)
Seed Grows of Itself. 26 He said, “This is how it is with the kingdom of God;[f] it is as if a man were to scatter seed(J) on the land 27 and would sleep and rise night and day and the seed would sprout and grow, he knows not how. 28 Of its own accord the land yields fruit, first the blade, then the ear, then the full grain in the ear. 29 And when the grain is ripe, he wields the sickle at once, for the harvest has come.”
The Mustard Seed. 30 (K)He said, “To what shall we compare the kingdom of God, or what parable can we use for it? 31 It is like a mustard seed that, when it is sown in the ground, is the smallest of all the seeds on the earth. 32 [g]But once it is sown, it springs up and becomes the largest of plants and puts forth large branches, so that the birds of the sky can dwell in its shade.” 33 With many such parables(L) he spoke the word to them as they were able to understand it. 34 Without parables he did not speak to them, but to his own disciples he explained everything in private.
The Calming of a Storm at Sea. 35 [h]On that day, as evening drew on, he said to them, “Let us cross to the other side.”(M) 36 Leaving the crowd, they took him with them in the boat just as he was. And other boats were with him. 37 A violent squall came up and waves were breaking over the boat, so that it was already filling up. 38 Jesus was in the stern, asleep on a cushion. They woke him and said to him, “Teacher, do you not care that we are perishing?” 39 He woke up, rebuked the wind, and said to the sea, “Quiet! Be still!”[i] The wind ceased and there was great calm. 40 Then he asked them, “Why are you terrified? Do you not yet have faith?” 41 [j](N)They were filled with great awe and said to one another, “Who then is this whom even wind and sea obey?”
Footnotes
- 4:1–34 In parables (Mk 4:2): see note on Mt 13:3. The use of parables is typical of Jesus’ enigmatic method of teaching the crowds (Mk 4:2–9, 12) as compared with the interpretation of the parables he gives to his disciples (Mk 4:10–25, 33–34) to each group according to its capacity to understand (Mk 4:9–11). The key feature of the parable at hand is the sowing of the seed (Mk 4:3), representing the breakthrough of the kingdom of God into the world. The various types of soil refer to the diversity of response accorded the word of God (Mk 4:4–7). The climax of the parable is the harvest of thirty, sixty, and a hundredfold, indicating the consummation of the kingdom (Mk 4:8). Thus both the present and the future action of God, from the initiation to the fulfillment of the kingdom, is presented through this and other parables (Mk 4:26–29, 30–32).
- 4:1 By the sea: the shore of the Sea of Galilee or a boat near the shore (Mk 2:13; 3:7–8) is the place where Mark depicts Jesus teaching the crowds. By contrast the mountain is the scene of Jesus at prayer (Mk 6:46) or in the process of forming his disciples (Mk 3:13; 9:2).
- 4:3–8 See note on Mt 13:3–8.
- 4:11–12 These verses are to be viewed against their background in Mk 3:6, 22 concerning the unbelief and opposition Jesus encountered in his ministry. It is against this background that the distinction in Jesus’ method becomes clear of presenting the kingdom to the disbelieving crowd in one manner and to the disciples in another. To the former it is presented in parables and the truth remains hidden; for the latter the parable is interpreted and the mystery is partially revealed because of their faith; see notes on Mt 13:11 and Mt 13:13.
- 4:13–20 See note on Mt 13:18–23.
- 4:26–29 Only Mark records the parable of the seed’s growth. Sower and harvester are the same. The emphasis is on the power of the seed to grow of itself without human intervention (Mk 4:27). Mysteriously it produces blade and ear and full grain (Mk 4:28). Thus the kingdom of God initiated by Jesus in proclaiming the word develops quietly yet powerfully until it is fully established by him at the final judgment (Mk 4:29); cf. Rev 14:15.
- 4:32 The universality of the kingdom of God is indicated here; cf. Ez 17:23; 31:6; Dn 4:17–19.
- 4:35–5:43 After the chapter on parables, Mark narrates four miracle stories: Mk 4:35–41; 5:1–20; and two joined together in Mk 5:21–43. See also notes on Mt 8:23–34 and 9:8–26.
- 4:39 Quiet! Be still!: as in the case of silencing a demon (Mk 1:25), Jesus rebukes the wind and subdues the turbulence of the sea by a mere word; see note on Mt 8:26.
- 4:41 Jesus is here depicted as exercising power over wind and sea. In the Christian community this event was seen as a sign of Jesus’ saving presence amid persecutions that threatened its existence.
Mark 4
New International Version
The Parable of the Sower(A)(B)
4 Again Jesus began to teach by the lake.(C) The crowd that gathered around him was so large that he got into a boat and sat in it out on the lake, while all the people were along the shore at the water’s edge. 2 He taught them many things by parables,(D) and in his teaching said: 3 “Listen! A farmer went out to sow his seed.(E) 4 As he was scattering the seed, some fell along the path, and the birds came and ate it up. 5 Some fell on rocky places, where it did not have much soil. It sprang up quickly, because the soil was shallow. 6 But when the sun came up, the plants were scorched, and they withered because they had no root. 7 Other seed fell among thorns, which grew up and choked the plants, so that they did not bear grain. 8 Still other seed fell on good soil. It came up, grew and produced a crop, some multiplying thirty, some sixty, some a hundred times.”(F)
9 Then Jesus said, “Whoever has ears to hear, let them hear.”(G)
10 When he was alone, the Twelve and the others around him asked him about the parables. 11 He told them, “The secret of the kingdom of God(H) has been given to you. But to those on the outside(I) everything is said in parables 12 so that,
“‘they may be ever seeing but never perceiving,
and ever hearing but never understanding;
otherwise they might turn and be forgiven!’[a]”(J)
13 Then Jesus said to them, “Don’t you understand this parable? How then will you understand any parable? 14 The farmer sows the word.(K) 15 Some people are like seed along the path, where the word is sown. As soon as they hear it, Satan(L) comes and takes away the word that was sown in them. 16 Others, like seed sown on rocky places, hear the word and at once receive it with joy. 17 But since they have no root, they last only a short time. When trouble or persecution comes because of the word, they quickly fall away. 18 Still others, like seed sown among thorns, hear the word; 19 but the worries of this life, the deceitfulness of wealth(M) and the desires for other things come in and choke the word, making it unfruitful. 20 Others, like seed sown on good soil, hear the word, accept it, and produce a crop—some thirty, some sixty, some a hundred times what was sown.”
A Lamp on a Stand
21 He said to them, “Do you bring in a lamp to put it under a bowl or a bed? Instead, don’t you put it on its stand?(N) 22 For whatever is hidden is meant to be disclosed, and whatever is concealed is meant to be brought out into the open.(O) 23 If anyone has ears to hear, let them hear.”(P)
24 “Consider carefully what you hear,” he continued. “With the measure you use, it will be measured to you—and even more.(Q) 25 Whoever has will be given more; whoever does not have, even what they have will be taken from them.”(R)
The Parable of the Growing Seed
26 He also said, “This is what the kingdom of God is like.(S) A man scatters seed on the ground. 27 Night and day, whether he sleeps or gets up, the seed sprouts and grows, though he does not know how. 28 All by itself the soil produces grain—first the stalk, then the head, then the full kernel in the head. 29 As soon as the grain is ripe, he puts the sickle to it, because the harvest has come.”(T)
The Parable of the Mustard Seed(U)
30 Again he said, “What shall we say the kingdom of God is like,(V) or what parable shall we use to describe it? 31 It is like a mustard seed, which is the smallest of all seeds on earth. 32 Yet when planted, it grows and becomes the largest of all garden plants, with such big branches that the birds can perch in its shade.”
33 With many similar parables Jesus spoke the word to them, as much as they could understand.(W) 34 He did not say anything to them without using a parable.(X) But when he was alone with his own disciples, he explained everything.
Jesus Calms the Storm(Y)
35 That day when evening came, he said to his disciples, “Let us go over to the other side.” 36 Leaving the crowd behind, they took him along, just as he was, in the boat.(Z) There were also other boats with him. 37 A furious squall came up, and the waves broke over the boat, so that it was nearly swamped. 38 Jesus was in the stern, sleeping on a cushion. The disciples woke him and said to him, “Teacher, don’t you care if we drown?”
39 He got up, rebuked the wind and said to the waves, “Quiet! Be still!” Then the wind died down and it was completely calm.
40 He said to his disciples, “Why are you so afraid? Do you still have no faith?”(AA)
41 They were terrified and asked each other, “Who is this? Even the wind and the waves obey him!”
Footnotes
- Mark 4:12 Isaiah 6:9,10
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