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21 And they forced a passerby, Simon of Cyrene, the father of Alexander and Rufus, who was coming in from the field (country), to carry His cross.

22 And they led Him to Golgotha [in Latin: Calvary], meaning The Place of a Skull.

23 And they [attempted to] give Him wine mingled with myrrh, but He would not take it.

24 And they crucified Him; and they divided His garments and distributed them among themselves, throwing lots for them to decide who should take what.(A)

25 And it was the third hour (about nine o’clock in the morning) when they crucified Him.(B)

26 And the inscription of the accusation against Him was written above, The King of the Jews.

27 And with Him they crucified two robbers, one on [His] right hand and one on His left.

28 [a]And the Scripture was fulfilled which says, He was counted among the transgressors.(C)

29 And those who passed by kept reviling Him and reproaching Him abusively in harsh and insolent language, wagging their heads and saying, Aha! You Who would destroy the temple and build it in three days,

30 Now rescue [b]Yourself [[c]from death], coming down from the cross!

31 So also the chief priests, with the scribes, made sport of Him to one another, saying, He rescued others [[d]from death]; Himself He is unable to rescue.(D)

32 Let the Christ (the Messiah), the King of Israel, come down now from the cross, that we may see [it] and trust in and rely on Him and adhere to Him! Those who were crucified with Him also reviled and reproached Him [speaking abusively, harshly, and insolently].

33 And when the sixth hour (about midday) had come, there was darkness over the whole land until the ninth hour (about three o’clock).

34 And at the ninth hour Jesus cried with a loud voice, Eloi, Eloi, lama sabachthani?—which means, My God, My God, why have You forsaken Me [[e]deserting Me and leaving Me helpless and abandoned]?(E)

35 And some of those standing by, [and] hearing it, said, See! He is calling Elijah!

36 And one man ran, and, filling a sponge with vinegar (a [f]mixture of sour wine and water), put it on a staff made of a [bamboo-like] reed and gave it to Him to drink, saying, Hold off! Let us see whether Elijah [does] come to take Him down.(F)

37 And Jesus uttered a loud cry, and breathed out His life.

38 And the curtain [of the Holy of Holies] of the temple was torn in two from top to bottom.

39 And when the centurion who stood facing Him saw Him expire this way, he said, [g]Really, this Man was God’s Son!

40 Now some women were there also, looking on from a distance, among whom were Mary Magdalene, and Mary the mother of James the younger and of Joses, and Salome,

41 Who, when [Jesus] was in Galilee, were in the habit of accompanying and ministering to Him; and [there were] also many other [women] who had come up with Him to Jerusalem.

42 As evening had already come, since it was the day of Preparation, that is, [the day] before the Sabbath,(G)

43 Joseph, he of Arimathea, noble and honorable in rank and a respected member of the council (Sanhedrin), who was himself waiting for the kingdom of God, daring the consequences, took courage and ventured to go to Pilate and asked for the body of Jesus.

44 But Pilate wondered whether He was dead so soon, and, having called the centurion, he asked him whether [Jesus] was already dead.

45 And when he learned from the centurion [that He was indeed dead], he gave the body to Joseph.

46 And Joseph bought a [fine] linen cloth [[h]for swathing dead bodies], and, taking Him down from the cross, he [i]rolled Him up in the [fine] linen cloth and placed Him in a tomb which had been hewn out of a rock. Then he rolled a [very large] stone against the door of the tomb.(H)

47 And Mary Magdalene and Mary [the mother] of Joses were [[j]attentively] observing where He was laid.

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Footnotes

  1. Mark 15:28 Many manuscripts do not contain this verse.
  2. Mark 15:30 Capitalized because of what He is, the spotless Son of God, not what the speakers may have thought He was.
  3. Mark 15:30 Hermann Cremer, Biblico-Theological Lexicon.
  4. Mark 15:31 Hermann Cremer, Biblico-Theological Lexicon.
  5. Mark 15:34 Joseph Thayer, A Greek-English Lexicon.
  6. Mark 15:36 Joseph Thayer, A Greek-English Lexicon.
  7. Mark 15:39 Hermann Cremer, Biblico-Theological Lexicon.
  8. Mark 15:46 James Moulton and George Milligan, The Vocabulary.
  9. Mark 15:46 Robert Young, Analytical Concordance.
  10. Mark 15:47 Marvin Vincent, Word Studies.

The Crucifixion of Jesus(A)

21 A certain man from Cyrene,(B) Simon, the father of Alexander and Rufus,(C) was passing by on his way in from the country, and they forced him to carry the cross.(D) 22 They brought Jesus to the place called Golgotha (which means “the place of the skull”). 23 Then they offered him wine mixed with myrrh,(E) but he did not take it. 24 And they crucified him. Dividing up his clothes, they cast lots(F) to see what each would get.

25 It was nine in the morning when they crucified him. 26 The written notice of the charge against him read: the king of the jews.(G)

27 They crucified two rebels with him, one on his right and one on his left. [28] [a] 29 Those who passed by hurled insults at him, shaking their heads(H) and saying, “So! You who are going to destroy the temple and build it in three days,(I) 30 come down from the cross and save yourself!” 31 In the same way the chief priests and the teachers of the law mocked him(J) among themselves. “He saved others,” they said, “but he can’t save himself! 32 Let this Messiah,(K) this king of Israel,(L) come down now from the cross, that we may see and believe.” Those crucified with him also heaped insults on him.

The Death of Jesus(M)

33 At noon, darkness came over the whole land until three in the afternoon.(N) 34 And at three in the afternoon Jesus cried out in a loud voice, “Eloi, Eloi, lema sabachthani?” (which means “My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?”).[b](O)

35 When some of those standing near heard this, they said, “Listen, he’s calling Elijah.”

36 Someone ran, filled a sponge with wine vinegar,(P) put it on a staff, and offered it to Jesus to drink. “Now leave him alone. Let’s see if Elijah comes to take him down,” he said.

37 With a loud cry, Jesus breathed his last.(Q)

38 The curtain of the temple was torn in two from top to bottom.(R) 39 And when the centurion,(S) who stood there in front of Jesus, saw how he died,[c] he said, “Surely this man was the Son of God!”(T)

40 Some women were watching from a distance.(U) Among them were Mary Magdalene, Mary the mother of James the younger and of Joseph,[d] and Salome.(V) 41 In Galilee these women had followed him and cared for his needs. Many other women who had come up with him to Jerusalem were also there.(W)

The Burial of Jesus(X)

42 It was Preparation Day (that is, the day before the Sabbath).(Y) So as evening approached, 43 Joseph of Arimathea, a prominent member of the Council,(Z) who was himself waiting for the kingdom of God,(AA) went boldly to Pilate and asked for Jesus’ body. 44 Pilate was surprised to hear that he was already dead. Summoning the centurion, he asked him if Jesus had already died. 45 When he learned from the centurion(AB) that it was so, he gave the body to Joseph. 46 So Joseph bought some linen cloth, took down the body, wrapped it in the linen, and placed it in a tomb cut out of rock. Then he rolled a stone against the entrance of the tomb.(AC) 47 Mary Magdalene and Mary the mother of Joseph(AD) saw where he was laid.

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Footnotes

  1. Mark 15:28 Some manuscripts include here words similar to Luke 22:37.
  2. Mark 15:34 Psalm 22:1
  3. Mark 15:39 Some manuscripts saw that he died with such a cry
  4. Mark 15:40 Greek Joses, a variant of Joseph; also in verse 47

34 And the Lord said to Moses,

Command the Israelites, When you come into the land of Canaan (which is the land that shall be yours for an inheritance, the land of Canaan according to its boundaries),

Your south side shall be from the Wilderness of Zin along the side of Edom, and your southern boundary from the end of the Salt [Dead] Sea eastward.

Your boundary shall turn south of the ascent of Akrabbim, and pass on to Zin, and its end shall be south of Kadesh-barnea. Then it shall go on to Hazar-addar and pass on to Azmon.

Then the boundary shall turn from Azmon to the Brook of Egypt, and it shall terminate at the [Mediterranean] Sea.

For the western boundary you shall have the Great Sea and its coast.

And this shall be your north border: from the Great Sea mark out your boundary line to Mount Hor;

From Mount Hor you shall mark out your boundary to the entrance of Hamath, and its end shall be at Zedad;

Then the northern boundary shall go on to Ziphron, and the end of it shall be at Hazar-enan.

10 You shall mark out your eastern boundary from Hazar-enan to Shepham;

11 The boundary shall go down from Shepham to Riblah on the east side of Ain and shall descend and reach to the shoulder of the Sea of Chinnereth [the Sea of Galilee] on the east;

12 And the boundary shall go down to the Jordan, and the end shall be at the Salt Sea. This shall be your land with its boundaries all around.

13 Moses commanded the Israelites, This is the land you shall inherit by lot, which the Lord has commanded to give to the nine tribes and the half-tribe [of Manasseh],

14 For the tribes of the sons of Reuben and of Gad by their fathers’ houses have received their inheritance, and also the half-tribe of Manasseh.

15 The two and a half tribes have received their inheritance east of the Jordan at Jericho, toward the sunrise.

16 And the Lord said to Moses,

17 These are the men who shall divide the land to you for inheritance: Eleazar the priest and Joshua son of Nun.

18 And [with them] you shall take one head or prince of each tribe to divide the land for inheritance.

19 The names of the men are: Of the tribe of Judah, Caleb son of Jephunneh;

20 Of the tribe of the sons of Simeon, Shemuel son of Ammihud;

21 Of the tribe of Benjamin, Elidad son of Chislon;

22 Of the tribe of the sons of Dan a leader, Bukki son of Jogli;

23 Of the sons of Joseph: of the tribe of the sons of Manasseh a leader, Hanniel son of Ephod;

24 And of the tribe of the sons of Ephraim a leader, Kemuel son of Shiphtan;

25 And of the tribe of the sons of Zebulun a leader, Elizaphan son of Parnach;

26 And of the tribe of the sons of Issachar a leader, Paltiel son of Azzan;

27 And of the tribe of the sons of Asher a leader, Ahihud son of Shelomi;

28 And of the tribe of the sons of Naphtali a leader, Pedahel son of Ammihud.

29 These are the men whom the Lord commanded to divide the inheritance to the Israelites in the land of Canaan.

35 And the Lord said to Moses in the plains of Moab by the Jordan at Jericho,

Command the Israelites that they give to the Levites from the inheritance of their possession cities to dwell in; and [suburb] pasturelands round about the cities’ walls you shall give to the Levites also.

They shall have the cities to dwell in and their [suburb] pasturelands shall be for their cattle, for their wealth [in flocks], and for all their beasts.

And the pasturelands of the cities which you shall give to the Levites shall reach from the wall of the city and outward 1,000 cubits round about.

You shall measure from the wall of the city outward on the east, south, west, and north sides 2,000 cubits, the city being in the center. This shall belong to [the Levites] as [suburb] pasturelands for their cities.

Of the cities which you shall give to the Levites there shall be the six cities of refuge, which you shall give for the manslayer to flee into; and in addition to them you shall give forty-two cities.

So all the cities which you shall give to the Levites shall be forty-eight; you shall give them with their adjacent [suburb] pasturelands.

As for the cities, you shall give from the possession of the Israelites, from the larger tribes you shall take many and from the smaller tribes few; each tribe shall give of its cities to the Levites in proportion to its inheritance.

And the Lord said to Moses,

10 Say to the Israelites, When you cross the Jordan into the land of Canaan,

11 Then you shall select cities to be cities of refuge for you, that the slayer who kills any person unintentionally and unawares may flee there.

12 And the cities shall be to you for refuge from the avenger, that the manslayer may not die until he has had a fair trial before the congregation.

13 And of the cities which you give there shall be your six cities for refuge.

14 You shall give three cities on this [east] side of the Jordan and three cities in the land of Canaan, to be cities of refuge.

15 These six cities shall be a refuge for the Israelites and for the stranger and the temporary resident among them; that anyone who kills any person unintentionally and unawares may flee there.

16 But if he struck him down with an instrument of iron so that he died, he is a murderer; the murderer shall surely be put to death.

17 And if he struck him down by throwing a stone, by which a person may die, and he died, he is a murderer; the murderer shall surely be put to death.

18 Or if he struck him down with a weapon of wood in his hand, by which one may die, and he died, the offender is a murderer; he shall surely be put to death.

19 The avenger of blood shall himself slay the murderer; when he meets him, he shall slay him.

20 But if he stabbed him through hatred or hurled at him by lying in wait so that he died

21 Or in enmity struck him down with his hand so that he died, he that smote him shall surely be put to death; he is a murderer. The avenger of blood shall slay the murderer when he meets him.

22 But if he stabbed him suddenly without enmity or threw anything at or upon him without lying in wait

23 Or with any stone with which a man may be killed, not seeing him, and threw it at him so that he died, and was not his enemy nor sought to harm him,

24 Then the congregation shall judge between the slayer and the avenger of blood according to these ordinances.

25 And the congregation shall rescue the manslayer from the hand of the avenger of blood and restore him to his city of refuge to which he had fled; and he shall live in it until the high priest dies, who was anointed with the sacred oil.

26 But if the slayer shall at any time come outside the limits of his city of refuge to which he had fled

27 And the avenger of blood finds him outside the limits of his city of refuge and kills the manslayer, he shall not be guilty of blood

28 Because the manslayer should have remained in his city of refuge until the death of the high priest. But after the high priest’s death the manslayer shall return to the land of his possession.

29 And these things shall be for a statute and ordinance to you throughout your generations in all your dwellings.

30 Whoever kills any person [intentionally], the murderer shall be put to death on the testimony of witnesses; but no one shall be put to death on the testimony of one witness.

31 Moreover, you shall take no ransom for the life of a murderer guilty of death; but he shall surely be put to death.

32 And you shall accept no ransom for him who has fled to his city of refuge, so that he may return to dwell in the land before the death of the high priest.

33 So you shall not pollute the land in which you live; for blood pollutes the land, and no atonement can be made for the land for the blood shed in it, but by the blood of him who shed it.

34 And you shall not defile the land in which you live, in the midst of which I dwell, for I, the Lord, dwell in the midst of the people of Israel.

36 The heads of the fathers’ houses of the families of the sons of Gilead son of Machir, the son of Manasseh, of the fathers’ houses of the sons of Joseph, came near and spoke before Moses and the leaders, the heads of the fathers’ houses of the Israelites.

They said, The Lord commanded [you] my lord to give the land for inheritance by lot to the Israelites; and my lord was commanded by the Lord to give the inheritance of Zelophehad our brother to his daughters.

But if they are married to any of the sons of the other tribes of the Israelites, then their inheritance will be taken from that of our fathers and added to the inheritance of the tribe to which they are received and belong; so it will be taken out of the lot of our inheritance.

And when the Jubilee of the Israelites comes, then their inheritance will be added to that of the tribe to which they are received and belong; so will their inheritance be taken away from that of the tribe of our fathers.

And Moses commanded the Israelites according to the word of the Lord, saying, The tribe of the sons of Joseph is right.

This is what the Lord commands concerning the daughters of Zelophehad: Let them marry whom they think best; only they shall marry within the family of the tribe of their father.

So shall no inheritance of the Israelites be transferred from tribe to tribe, for every one of the Israelites shall cling to the inheritance of the tribe of his fathers.

And every daughter who possesses an inheritance in any tribe of the Israelites shall be wife to one of the family of the tribe of her father, so that the Israelites may each one possess the inheritance of his fathers.

So shall no inheritance be transferred from one tribe to another, but each of the tribes of the Israelites shall cling to its own inheritance.

10 The daughters of Zelophehad did as the Lord commanded Moses.

11 For Mahlah, Tirzah, Hoglah, Milcah, and Noah, the daughters of Zelophehad, were married to sons of their father’s brothers.

12 They married into the families of the sons of Manasseh son of Joseph, and their inheritance remained in the tribe of the family of their father.

13 These are the commandments and ordinances which the Lord commanded the Israelites through Moses in the plains of Moab by the Jordan [River] at Jericho.

Boundaries of Canaan

34 The Lord said to Moses, “Command the Israelites and say to them: ‘When you enter Canaan,(A) the land that will be allotted to you as an inheritance(B) is to have these boundaries:(C)

“‘Your southern side will include some of the Desert of Zin(D) along the border of Edom. Your southern boundary will start in the east from the southern end of the Dead Sea,(E) cross south of Scorpion Pass,(F) continue on to Zin and go south of Kadesh Barnea.(G) Then it will go to Hazar Addar and over to Azmon,(H) where it will turn, join the Wadi of Egypt(I) and end at the Mediterranean Sea.

“‘Your western boundary will be the coast of the Mediterranean Sea.(J) This will be your boundary on the west.(K)

“‘For your northern boundary,(L) run a line from the Mediterranean Sea to Mount Hor(M) and from Mount Hor to Lebo Hamath.(N) Then the boundary will go to Zedad, continue to Ziphron and end at Hazar Enan. This will be your boundary on the north.

10 “‘For your eastern boundary,(O) run a line from Hazar Enan to Shepham. 11 The boundary will go down from Shepham to Riblah(P) on the east side of Ain(Q) and continue along the slopes east of the Sea of Galilee.[a](R) 12 Then the boundary will go down along the Jordan and end at the Dead Sea.

“‘This will be your land, with its boundaries on every side.’”

13 Moses commanded the Israelites: “Assign this land by lot(S) as an inheritance.(T) The Lord has ordered that it be given to the nine and a half tribes, 14 because the families of the tribe of Reuben, the tribe of Gad and the half-tribe of Manasseh have received their inheritance.(U) 15 These two and a half tribes have received their inheritance east of the Jordan across from Jericho, toward the sunrise.”

16 The Lord said to Moses, 17 “These are the names of the men who are to assign the land for you as an inheritance: Eleazar the priest and Joshua(V) son of Nun. 18 And appoint one leader from each tribe to help(W) assign the land.(X) 19 These are their names:(Y)

Caleb(Z) son of Jephunneh,

from the tribe of Judah;(AA)

20 Shemuel son of Ammihud,

from the tribe of Simeon;(AB)

21 Elidad son of Kislon,

from the tribe of Benjamin;(AC)

22 Bukki son of Jogli,

the leader from the tribe of Dan;

23 Hanniel son of Ephod,

the leader from the tribe of Manasseh(AD) son of Joseph;

24 Kemuel son of Shiphtan,

the leader from the tribe of Ephraim(AE) son of Joseph;

25 Elizaphan son of Parnak,

the leader from the tribe of Zebulun;(AF)

26 Paltiel son of Azzan,

the leader from the tribe of Issachar;

27 Ahihud son of Shelomi,

the leader from the tribe of Asher;(AG)

28 Pedahel son of Ammihud,

the leader from the tribe of Naphtali.”

29 These are the men the Lord commanded to assign the inheritance to the Israelites in the land of Canaan.(AH)

Towns for the Levites

35 On the plains of Moab by the Jordan across from Jericho,(AI) the Lord said to Moses, “Command the Israelites to give the Levites towns to live in(AJ) from the inheritance the Israelites will possess. And give them pasturelands(AK) around the towns. Then they will have towns to live in and pasturelands for the cattle they own and all their other animals.(AL)

“The pasturelands around the towns that you give the Levites will extend a thousand cubits[b] from the town wall. Outside the town, measure two thousand cubits[c](AM) on the east side, two thousand on the south side, two thousand on the west and two thousand on the north, with the town in the center. They will have this area as pastureland for the towns.(AN)

Cities of Refuge(AO)

“Six of the towns you give the Levites will be cities of refuge, to which a person who has killed someone may flee.(AP) In addition, give them forty-two other towns. In all you must give the Levites forty-eight towns, together with their pasturelands. The towns you give the Levites from the land the Israelites possess are to be given in proportion to the inheritance of each tribe: Take many towns from a tribe that has many, but few from one that has few.”(AQ)

Then the Lord said to Moses: 10 “Speak to the Israelites and say to them: ‘When you cross the Jordan into Canaan,(AR) 11 select some towns to be your cities of refuge, to which a person who has killed someone(AS) accidentally(AT) may flee. 12 They will be places of refuge from the avenger,(AU) so that anyone accused of murder(AV) may not die before they stand trial before the assembly.(AW) 13 These six towns you give will be your cities of refuge.(AX) 14 Give three on this side of the Jordan and three in Canaan as cities of refuge. 15 These six towns will be a place of refuge for Israelites and for foreigners residing among them, so that anyone who has killed another accidentally can flee there.

16 “‘If anyone strikes someone a fatal blow with an iron object, that person is a murderer; the murderer is to be put to death.(AY) 17 Or if anyone is holding a stone and strikes someone a fatal blow with it, that person is a murderer; the murderer is to be put to death. 18 Or if anyone is holding a wooden object and strikes someone a fatal blow with it, that person is a murderer; the murderer is to be put to death. 19 The avenger of blood(AZ) shall put the murderer to death; when the avenger comes upon the murderer, the avenger shall put the murderer to death.(BA) 20 If anyone with malice aforethought shoves another or throws something at them intentionally(BB) so that they die 21 or if out of enmity one person hits another with their fist so that the other dies, that person is to be put to death;(BC) that person is a murderer. The avenger of blood(BD) shall put the murderer to death when they meet.

22 “‘But if without enmity someone suddenly pushes another or throws something at them unintentionally(BE) 23 or, without seeing them, drops on them a stone heavy enough to kill them, and they die, then since that other person was not an enemy and no harm was intended, 24 the assembly(BF) must judge between the accused and the avenger of blood according to these regulations. 25 The assembly must protect the one accused of murder from the avenger of blood and send the accused back to the city of refuge to which they fled. The accused must stay there until the death of the high priest,(BG) who was anointed(BH) with the holy oil.(BI)

26 “‘But if the accused ever goes outside the limits of the city of refuge to which they fled 27 and the avenger of blood finds them outside the city, the avenger of blood may kill the accused without being guilty of murder. 28 The accused must stay in the city of refuge until the death of the high priest; only after the death of the high priest may they return to their own property.

29 “‘This is to have the force of law(BJ) for you throughout the generations to come,(BK) wherever you live.(BL)

30 “‘Anyone who kills a person is to be put to death as a murderer only on the testimony of witnesses. But no one is to be put to death on the testimony of only one witness.(BM)

31 “‘Do not accept a ransom(BN) for the life of a murderer, who deserves to die. They are to be put to death.

32 “‘Do not accept a ransom for anyone who has fled to a city of refuge and so allow them to go back and live on their own land before the death of the high priest.

33 “‘Do not pollute the land where you are. Bloodshed pollutes the land,(BO) and atonement cannot be made for the land on which blood has been shed, except by the blood of the one who shed it. 34 Do not defile the land(BP) where you live and where I dwell,(BQ) for I, the Lord, dwell among the Israelites.’”

Inheritance of Zelophehad’s Daughters(BR)

36 The family heads of the clan of Gilead(BS) son of Makir,(BT) the son of Manasseh, who were from the clans of the descendants of Joseph,(BU) came and spoke before Moses and the leaders,(BV) the heads of the Israelite families. They said, “When the Lord commanded my lord to give the land as an inheritance to the Israelites by lot,(BW) he ordered you to give the inheritance of our brother Zelophehad(BX) to his daughters. Now suppose they marry men from other Israelite tribes; then their inheritance will be taken from our ancestral inheritance and added to that of the tribe they marry into. And so part of the inheritance allotted to us will be taken away. When the Year of Jubilee(BY) for the Israelites comes, their inheritance will be added to that of the tribe into which they marry, and their property will be taken from the tribal inheritance of our ancestors.”

Then at the Lord’s command Moses gave this order to the Israelites: “What the tribe of the descendants of Joseph is saying is right. This is what the Lord commands for Zelophehad’s daughters: They may marry anyone they please as long as they marry within their father’s tribal clan. No inheritance(BZ) in Israel is to pass from one tribe to another, for every Israelite shall keep the tribal inheritance of their ancestors. Every daughter who inherits land in any Israelite tribe must marry someone in her father’s tribal clan,(CA) so that every Israelite will possess the inheritance of their ancestors. No inheritance may pass from one tribe to another, for each Israelite tribe is to keep the land it inherits.”

10 So Zelophehad’s daughters did as the Lord commanded Moses. 11 Zelophehad’s daughters—Mahlah, Tirzah, Hoglah, Milkah and Noah(CB)—married their cousins on their father’s side. 12 They married within the clans of the descendants of Manasseh son of Joseph, and their inheritance remained in their father’s tribe and clan.(CC)

13 These are the commands and regulations the Lord gave through Moses(CD) to the Israelites on the plains of Moab by the Jordan across from Jericho.(CE)

Footnotes

  1. Numbers 34:11 Hebrew Kinnereth
  2. Numbers 35:4 That is, about 1,500 feet or about 450 meters
  3. Numbers 35:5 That is, about 3,000 feet or about 900 meters